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http://dx.doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2011.19.2.211

A Fermented Ginseng Extract, BST204, Inhibits Proliferation and Motility of Human Colon Cancer Cells  

Park, Jong-Woo (School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University)
Lee, Jae-Cheol (School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University)
Ann, So-Ra (School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University)
Seo, Dong-Wan (Department of Molecular Bioscience, Kangwon National University)
Choi, Wahn-Soo (College of Medicine, Konkuk University)
Yoo, Young-Hyo (Green Cross Herb & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
Park, Sun-Kyu (Green Cross Herb & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
Choi, Jung-Young (Green Cross Herb & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
Um, Sung-Hee (School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University)
Ahn, Seong-Hoon (Division of Molecular & Life Science, Hanyang University)
Han, Jeung-Whan (School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University)
Publication Information
Biomolecules & Therapeutics / v.19, no.2, 2011 , pp. 211-217 More about this Journal
Abstract
Panax ginseng CA Meyer, a herb from the Araliaceae, has traditionally been used as a medicinal plant in Asian countries. Ginseng extract fermented by ginsenoside-${\beta}$-glucosidase treatment is enriched in ginsenosides such as Rh2 and Rg3. Here we show that a fermented ginseng extract, BST204, has anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects on HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Treatment of HT-29 cells with BST204 induced cell cycle arrest at $G_1$ phase without progression to apoptosis. This cell cycle arrest was accompanied by up-regulation of tumor suppressor proteins, p53 and p21$^{WAF1/Cip1}$, down-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase/cyclins, Cdk2, cyclin E, and cyclin D1 involved in $G_1$ or $G_1/S$ transition, and decrease in the phosphorylated form of retinoblastoma protein. In addition, BST204 suppressed the migration of HT-29 cells induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, which correlated with the inhibition of metalloproteinase-9 activity and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity. The effects of BST204 on the proliferation and the invasiveness of HT-29 cells were similar to those of Rh2. Taken together, the results suggest that fermentation of ginseng extract with ginsenoside-${\beta}$-glucosidase enhanced the anti-proliferative and the anti-invasive activity against human colon cancer cells and these anti-tumor effects of BST204 might be mediated in part by enriched Rh2.
Keywords
BST204; Ginsenoside; Cell cycle; Cell migration; Cell proliferation; Colon cancer;
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