Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2007.15.3.175

Anxiolytic-like Effects of Methanol Extract of Zizyphi Spinosi Semen in Mice  

Han, Hui-Shan (College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University)
Ma, Yu-An (Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk.National University)
Eun, Jae-Soon (College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University)
Hong, Jin-Tae (College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University)
Oh, Ki-Wan (College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University)
Publication Information
Biomolecules & Therapeutics / v.15, no.3, 2007 , pp. 175-181 More about this Journal
Abstract
Zizyphi Spinosi Semen (ZSS), a traditional Chinese folk medicine, has been used for treatment of insomnia and anxiety. This experiment was performed to investigate the anxiolytic-like effect of methanol extract of ZSS (MEZSS) in mice by using the experimental paradigms of anxiety and compared with that of a known anxiolytic, diazepam. In the elevated plus-maze test, it showed that MEZSS (100 mg/kg, p.o.) and diazepam (2.0 mg/kg, p.o.) increased the percentage of time spent on the open arms and the number of open arms entries. MEZSS (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and diazepam (0.5 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly increased the number of head dips compared with that of control group in the hole-board test. However, MEZSS has no effect on decreasing the locomotor activity, while diazepam (2.0 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly inhibited locomotor activity. MEZSS did not decrease the strength force in the grip strength test, either. In addition, GABAergic involvements were also investigated to understand the possible mechanisms. $GABA_{A}$ receptors subunits and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) were not over expressed, compared with that of the saline group. We also found that MEZSS did not increase chloride influx in cultured cerebellar granule cells. It is concluded that MEZSS might have anxiolytic-like effects, but these effects might not be mediated by GABAergic transmission.
Keywords
methanol extract of Zizyphi Spinosi Semen (MEZSS); anxiolytic-like effect; elevated plus-maze; hole-board; locomotor; grip strength; GABA subunits; GAD; chloride influx;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Kehl, L.J., Trempe, T.M. and Hargreaves, K.M. (2000). A new animal model for assessing mechanisms and management of muscle hyperalgesia. Pain. 85, 333-343   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Cha, H.Y., Park, J.H., Hong, J.T., Yoo, H.S., Song, S., Hwang, B.Y., Eun, J.S. and Oh, K.W. (2005). Anxiolytic-like effects of ginsenosides on the elevated plus-maze model in mice. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 28, 1621-1625   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Chen, S.W., Xin, Q., Kong, W.X., Min, L. and Li, J.F. (2003). Anxiolytic-like effect of succinic acid in mice. Life Sci. 773, 3257-3264
4 Adzu, B., Amos, S., Dzarma, S., Wambebe, C. and Gamaniel, K. (2002). Effect of Zizyphus spina-christi wild aqueous extract on the central nervous system in mice. J. Ethnopharmacol. 79, 13-16   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Ahn, N.Y., Jung, J.W., Oh, H.R., Shin, J.S., Hyeon, S.Y., Lee, B.K., Cheong, J.H., Ryu, J.H. (2004). Anxiolytiv-like effects of Sanjoin-Tang extracts and its ingredients in the elevated plusmaze in mice. J. Appl. Pharmacol., 12, 151-156
6 Bhattacharya, S.K. and Mitra, S.K. (1991). Anxiolytic activity of Panax ginseng roots: an experimental studies. J. Ethnopharmacol. 43, 87-92
7 Eisenberg, D.M., Davis, R.B., Ettner, S.L. Appel, S. Wilkey, S. Van Rompay, M. and Kessler, R.C. (1998). Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States, 1990-1997: results of a follow-up national survey. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 7, 1569-1575
8 Friede, M. and Freudenstein, J. (2002). Antidepressant and anxiolytic effect of St. John's wort extract ZE-117. Eur. Psychiatry. 17, 96
9 Fernandes, C., Arnot, M.I, Irvine, E.E., Bateson, A.N., Martin, I.L. and File, S.E. (1999). The effect of treatment regimen on the development of tolerance to the sedative and anxiolytic effects of diazepam. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 145, 251-259   DOI
10 Griffiths, R.R., Ator, N.A., Roache, J.D. and Lamb, R.J. (1987). Abuse liability of triazolam: experimental measurements in animals and humans. Psychopharmacol. Ser. 3, 83-87
11 Heinrich, M. and Gibbons, S. (2001). Ethnopharmacology in drug discovery an analysis of its role and potential contribution. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 53, 425-432   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Houston, C.M. and Smart, T.G.. (2006), CaMK-II modulation of GABA(A) receptors expressed in HEK293, NG108-15 and rat cerebellar granule neurons. Eur. J. Neurosci., 24, 2505-2515
13 Jordan, A.D., Kordik, C.P., Reitz, A.B. and Sanfillipo, P.J. (1996). Novel anxiolytic agents-1994-to present. Expert Opin Ther Pat. 6, 1047-1060   DOI
14 Dalvi, A. and Rodgers, R.J. (1999). Behavioral effects of diazepam in the murine plus-maze: flumazenil antagonism of enhanced head dipping but not the disinhibition of open-arm avoidance. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 62, 727-734   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Da Silva, A. L. and Elisabetsky, E. (2001). Interference of propylene glycol with the hole-board test. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 34, 545-7
16 Li, J.W., Ding, S.D. and Ding, X.L. (2005). Comparison of antioxidant capacities of extracts from five cultivars of Chinese jujube. Process Biochemistry, 40, 3607-3613   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Park, J.H., Cha, H.Y., Seo, J.J., Hong, J.T., Han, K. and Oh, K.W. (2005). Anxiolytic-like effects of ginseng in the elevated plusmaze model: Comparison of red ginseng and sun ginseng. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry. 29, 895-900   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Weiss, S.M., Wadsworth, G., Fletcher, A. and Dourish, C.T. (1998). Utility of ethological analysis to overcome locomotor confounds in elevated plus-maze of anxiety. Neurosci. Behav. Rev. 23, 265-271   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Peng, W.H., Hsieh, M.T., Lee, Y.S., Lin, Y.C. and Liao, J. (2000). Anxiolytic effect of seed of Ziziphus jujuba in mouse models of anxiety. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 72, 435-441   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Rex, A., Morgenster, E. and Fink, H. (2002). Anxiolytic-like effects of Kava-Kava in the elevated plus-maze test-a comparison with diazepam. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry. 26, 855-860   DOI   ScienceOn
21 West, M.R., Molloy, C.R. (1996). A microplate assay measuring chloride ion channel activity. Anal Biochem. 241, 51-8   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Takeda, H., Tsuji, M. and Matsumiya, T. (1998). Changes in head-dipping behavior in the hole-board test reflect the anxiogenic and /or anxiolytic state in mice. European Journal of Pharmacology. 350, 21-29   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Lee, S.M., Park, J.G., Lee, Y.H., Lee, C.G.., Min, B.S., Kim, J.H. and Lee, H.K. (2004). Anti-complementary activity of triterpenoides from fruits of Zizyphus jujuba. Biol Pharm Bull. 27, 1883-6   DOI   ScienceOn