Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2020.28.5.371

The Isoflavonoid Constituents and Biological Active of Astragalus Radix by Fermentation of β-glucosidase Strains  

Kim, Chul Joong (Research Institute of Biotechnology, HwajinBioCosmetic)
Choi, Jae Hoo (Research Institute of Biotechnology, HwajinBioCosmetic)
Seong, Eun Soo (Department of Medicinal Plant, Suwon Women's University)
Lim, Jung Dae (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University)
Choi, Seon Kang (Department of Agricultural Life Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Yu, Chang Yeon (Department of Bio-Resource Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Lee, Jae Geun (Research Institute of Biotechnology, HwajinBioCosmetic)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science / v.28, no.5, 2020 , pp. 371-378 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: In this study, the radix of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge extract fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Weissella cibaria, and Pediococcus pentosaceus to increase the levels of isoflavonoid aglycone contents. Methods and Results: In order to change the in isoflavonoids, we fermented the radix of A. membranaceus extracts with microorganisms that have β-glucosidase activity. Besed on the β-glucosidase activity, we selected three strains, Weissella cibaria, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. HPLC analysis revealed that the levels of isoflavonoid aglycones were increased in all fermentation cases, and the extracts fermented by S. cerevisiae showed the highest levels of isoflavonoid aglycones. We evaluated the antioxidant activity, anti-wrinkle effects and whitening effects of the S. cerevisiae-fermented extracts using the DPPH assay, tyrosinase inhibition activity assay, and collagenase inhibition activity assay. We confirmed higher activity in S. cerevisiae-fermented extracts than in control, with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 565.1 ± 59.1 ㎍/㎖ in DPPH radical scavenging activity, tyrosinase inhibition rate of 78.4 ± 0.9%, and collagenase inhibition rate of 83.8 ± 1.1%. Conclusions: We selected three stains of microorganisms showing high β-glucosidase activity, W. cibaria, P. pentosaceus and S. cerevisiae. Isoflavonoid glycones in the radix of A. membranaceus were converted to isoflavonoid aglycones by fermentation. In addition, the fermented radix of A. membranaceus exhibited antioxidant activity, anti-wrinkle effect, whitening effect and radical scavenging activity.
Keywords
Astragalus membranaceus Bunge; Anti-wrinkle; Calycosin; Fermentation; Formononetin; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Weissella cibaria; Whitening Effects;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Blois MS. (1958). Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature. 181:1199-1200.   DOI
2 Cho WCS and Leung KN. (2007b). In vitro and in vivo immunomodulating and immunorestorative effects of Astragalus membranaceus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 113:132-141.   DOI
3 Edberg SC, Trepeta RW, Kontnick CM and Torres AR. (1985). Measurement of active constitutive $\beta$-D-glucosidase(esculinase) in the presence of sodium desoxycholate. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 21:363-365.   DOI
4 Goh EJ, Seong ES, Lee JG, Na JK, Lim JD, Kim MJ, Kim NY, Lee GH, Seo JS, Cheoi SD, Chung IM and Yu CY. (2009). Antioxidant activities according to peeling and cultivated years of Astragalus membranaceus roots. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 17:233-237.
5 Hirotani M, Zhou Y, Lui H and Furuya T. (1994). Astragalosides from hairy root cultures of Astragalus membranaceus. Phytochemistry. 36:665-670.   DOI
6 Hsu C, Wu B, Chang Y, Chang C, Chiou T and Su N. (2018). Phosphorylation of isoflavones by Bacillus subtilis BCRC 80517 may represent xenobiotic metabolism. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 66:127-137.   DOI
7 Kim JH, Kim MR, Lee ES and Lee CH. (2009). Inhibitory effects of calycosin isolated from the root of Astragalus membranaceus on melanin biosynthesis. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 32:264-268.   DOI
8 Ibe S, Kumada K, Yoshiba M and Onga T. (2001). Production of nattowhich contains a high level of isoflavone aglycons. Journal of the Japanese Society for Food Science and Technolgy. 48:27-34.   DOI
9 Im KR, Kim MJ, Jung TK and Yoon KS. (2010). Analysis of isoflavonoid contents in Astragalus membranaceus bunge cultivated in different areas and at various ages. Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Journal. 25:271-276.
10 Izumi T, Piskula MK, Osawa S, Obata A, Tobe K, Saito M, Kataoka S, Kubota Y and Kikuchi M. (2000). Soy isoflavone aglycones are absorbed faster and in higher amounts than their glucosides in humans. Journal of Nutrition. 130:1695-1699.   DOI
11 Kim MJ, Lim KR, Jung TK and Yoon KS. (2007). Anti-aging effect of Astragalus membranaceus root extract. Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea. 33:33-40.
12 Kong X, Wang F, Niu Y, Wu X and Pan Y. (2018). A comparative study on the effect of promoting the osteogenic function of osteoblasts using isoflavones from Radix Astragalus. Phytotherapy Research. 32:115-124.   DOI
13 Lindell SS and Quinn P. (1975). Use of bile-esculin agar for rapid differentiation of enterobacteriaceae. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 1:440-443.   DOI
14 Kuo L, Cheng W, Wu R, Huang C and Lee K. (2006). Hydrolysis of black soybean isoflavone glycosides by Bacillus subtilis natto. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 73:314-320.   DOI
15 Lee SH, Koo SC, Han JW, Lee WM and Hur M. (2018a). Selection of short stem Astragalus membranaceus lines by assessing agronomic characteristics and biological activity. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 26:471-476.   DOI
16 Hsu M and Chiang B. (2009). Effect of Bacillus subtilis natto-fermented radix astragali on collagen production in human skin fibroblasts. Process Biochemistry. 44:83-90.   DOI
17 Lee SY, Lee HN, Go EJ, Park YC, Choi SK, Yu CY and Lim JD. (2018b). Effect of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides on improves immune response after exhaustive exercise rats. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 26:72-81.   DOI
18 Lin L, He X, Lindenmaier M, Nolan G, Yang J, Cleary M and Cordell G. (2000). Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry study of the flavonoids of the roots of Astragalus mongholicus and A. membranaceus. Journal of Chromatography A. 876:87-95.   DOI
19 Pan H, Fang C, Zhou T, Wang Q and Chen J. (2007). Accumulation of calycosin and its 7-O-$\beta$-D-glucoside and related gene expression in seedlings of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongholicus(Bge.) Hsiao induced by low temperature stress. Plant Cell Reports. 26:1111-1120.   DOI
20 Park JY, Lee JY, Kim HD, Jang GY and Seo KH. (2019). Changes in the constituents and UV-photoprotective activity of Astragalus membranaceus caused by roasting. Journal of Nutrition and Health. 52:413-421.   DOI
21 Park YC, Lee JS, Kim DY, Son HY, Lee JW, Cheoi YS, Kim KK, Yu CY, Chung IM, Im MH, Lee KJ, Choi RN, Shim HS and Lim JD. (2013). A 90 day repeated dose-oral toxicity study of extracts from Astragalus membranaceus-aboveground parts in rats. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 21:474-485.   DOI
22 Ra KS, Oh SH, Kim JM and Suh HJ. (2004). Isolation of fibrinolytic enzyme and $\beta$-glucosidase producing strains from doenjang and optimum conditions of enzyme production. Journal Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition. 33:439-442.   DOI
23 Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M and Rice-Evans C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 26:1231-1237.   DOI
24 Wunsch E and Heidrich HG. (1963). Zur quantitativen bestimmung der kollagenase. Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift fur physiologische Chemie. 333:149-151.   DOI
25 Shim KS, Park GG and Park YS. (2014). Bioconversion of puffed red ginseng extract using $\beta$-glucosidase-producing lactic acid bacteria. Food Engineering Progress. 18:332-340.   DOI
26 Wagle A, Seong SH, Jung HA and Choi JS. (2019). Identifying an isoflavone from the root of Pueraria lobata as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor. Food Chemistry. 276:383-389.   DOI
27 Wang F, Zhao S, Li F, Zhang B, Qu Y, Sun T, Luo T and Li D. (2014). Investigation of antioxidant interactions between radix Astragali and Cimicifuga foetida and identification of synergistic antioxidant compounds. Plos One. 9:87221. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087221 (cited by 2020 July 20).
28 Wang X, Fan R, Li J, Li C and Zhang Y. (2016). Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization of a Novel (Iso)flavone 4′,7-O-diglucoside Glucosyltransferase from Pueraria lobata. Frontiers in plant science. 7:387. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00387 (cited by 2020 July 19).
29 Wang X. (2011). Structure, function, and engineering of enzymes in isoflavonoid biosynthesis. Functional Integrative Genomics 11:13-22.   DOI
30 Yagi A, Kanbara T and Morinobu N. (1986). The effect of tyrosinase inhibition for aloe. Planta Medica. 3981:517-519.
31 Yang SJ, Lee SY, Lee HN, Park YC, Choi SK, Yu CY, Chung IM and Lim JD. (2016). Adjuvant effect of polysaccharides from aboveground parts of Astragalus membranaceus. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 24:408-419.   DOI
32 Cho WCS and Leung KN. (2007a). In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of Astragalus membranaceus. Cancer Letters. 252: 43-54.   DOI