Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2019.27.2.115

Evaluation of the In vitro Activity of Glycyrrhiza Cultivar Roots  

Lee, Seung Eun (Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS)
Lee, Jeong Hoon (Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS)
Park, Chun Geon (Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS)
Kim, Hyung Don (Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS)
Lee, Yun Ji (Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS)
Seo, Kyung Hae (Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS)
Jeong, Hyeon Soo (Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS)
Chang, Jae Ki (Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS)
Kim, Dong Hwi (Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science / v.27, no.2, 2019 , pp. 115-125 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: Glycyrrhiza radix (licorice root) have been used as an oriental medicine material for long time, and its protective effects on oxidative stress, inflammation and cognition deficit have been recently reported. However, the cultivation of Glycyrrhiza species as medicinal crops is associated with some problems such as low productivity and early leaf fall, etc. To resolve this problems, Glycyrrhiza cultivars have been developed by direct hybridization of each Glycyrrhiza species by Korean researchers. The present study was conducted to compare the Glycyrrhiza cultivar radix (Dagam, Sinwongam and Wongam) for their anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and cognition improvement effects and levels of liquiritin, isoliquiritigenin and licochalcone in order to select an excellent cultivar as a material resource. Methods and Results: For evaluating the inhibitory efficacies of the Glycyrrhiza cultivar extracts on oxidative stress and inflammation in BV2 cells, we measured their reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and nitric oxide (NO) release after treating them with lipopolysccharide. The scavenging activities on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and peroxynitrite ($NOO^-$) radicals were evaluated. Cell proliferation and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) inhibition were analyzed. The total phenol, liquiritin, isoliquiritigenin and licochalcone A content in the extracts of the three culivars were quantified. Furthermore, the correlation coefficient between the activities and contents of total phenol, liquiritin, isoliquiritigenin and licochalcone A were also calculated. The results indicated that Sinwongam exhibited potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and NMDAR inhibititory activities. Sinwongam also showed higher total phenol and licochalcone A contents than the other cultivars. Among the three cultivars, Dagam exhibited a positive effects on NO release inhibition, cell proliferation and contents of liquiritin and isoliquiritigenin. Conclusions: Sinwongam is expected to be the most useful resource as a functional material for anti-oxidation/anti-inflammation and cognition improvement among the three studied licorice cultivars.
Keywords
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer; Anti-oxidation; Anti-inflammation; N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor; Total Phenol;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Lee SE, Sung JS, Jang IB, Kim GS, Ahn TJ, Han HS, Kim JE, Kim YO, Park CB, Cha SW, Ahn YS, Park HK, Bang JK and Seong NS. (2008). Investigation on antioxidant activity in plant resources. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 16:356-370.
2 Mae T, Kishida H, Nishiyama T, Tsukagawa M, Konishi E, Kuroda M, Mimaki Y, Sashisa Y, Takahashi K, Kawada T, Nakagawa K and Kitahara M. (2003). A licorice ethanolic extract with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\gamma}$ ligandbinding activity affects diabetes in KK-Ay mice, abdominal obesity in diet-induced obese C57BL mice and hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Journal of Nutrition. 133:3369-3377.   DOI
3 Montoro P, Maldini M, Russo M, Postorino S, Piacente S and Pizza C. (2011). Metabolic profiling of roots of liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) from different geographical areas by ESI/MS/MS and determination of major metabolites by LC-ESI/MS and LC-ESI/MS/MS. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 54:535-544.   DOI
4 Mota SI, Ferreira IL and Rego AC. (2014). Dysfunctional synapse in Alzheimer's disease -a focus on NMDR receptors. Neuropharmacology. 76:16-26.   DOI
5 Park SJ, Yang SJ and Youn HS. (2009). NF-${\kappa}B$ activation and cyclooxygenase-2 expression induced by toll-like receptor agonist can be suppressed by isoliquiritigenin. Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology. 41:220-224.
6 Sills MA, Fagg G, Pozza M, Angst C, Brundish DE, Hurt SD, Wilusz EJ and Williams M. (1991). [$^3H$]CGP 39653: A new Nmethyl-D-aspartate antagonist radioligand with low nanomolar affinity in rat brain. European Journal of Pharmacology. 192:19-24.   DOI
7 Yin L, Guan E, Zhangg Y, Shu Z, Wang B, Wu X, Chen J, Liu J, Fu X, Sun W and Liu M. (2018). Chemical profile and anti-inflammatory activity of total flavonoid from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 17:726-734.
8 Soe CR, Byun JS, An JJ, Lee JH, Hong JW, Jang SH and Park KW. (2013). Effects of Glycyrrhiza inflata Batal extracts on adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition. 42:1015-1021.   DOI
9 Visavadiya NP and Narasimhacharya AVRL. (2006). Hypocholesterolaemic and antioxidant effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra(Linn) in rats. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 50:1080-1086.   DOI
10 Wu TY, Khor TO, Saw CLL, Loh SC, Chen AI, Lim SS, Park JHT, Cai L and Kong ANT. (2011). Anti-inflammatory/antioxidative stress activities and differential regulation of Nrf2-mediated genes by non-polar fractions of tea Chrysanthemum zawadskii and Licorice Glycyrrhiza uralensis. American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists. 13:1-13.
11 Yoon YP. (2009). Coloured Illustration for Discrimination of Herbal Medicine. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Homibooks. Daejeon, Korea. p.16.
12 Zhao Z, Wang W, Guo H and Zhou H. (2008). Antidepressantlike effect of liquiritin from Glycyrrhiza uralensis in chronic variable stress induced depression model rats. Behavioral Brain Research. 194:108-113.   DOI
13 Cho MJ, Kim JH, Park CH, Lee AY, Shin YS, Lee JH, Park CG and Cho EJ. (2018). Comparison of the effect of three licorice varieties on cognitive improvement via an amelioration of neuroinflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced mice. Nutrition Research and Practice. 12:191-198.   DOI
14 Ahn J, Um M, Choi W, Kim S and Ha T. (2006). Protective effects of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. on the cognitive deficits caused by b-amyloid peptide 25-35 in young mice. Biogerontology. 7:239-247.   DOI
15 Cao LJ, Hou ZY, Zhang BK, Fang PF, Xiang DX, Li ZH, Gong H, Deng Y, Ma YX, Tang HB and Yan M. (2017). The ethanol extract of licorice(Glycyrrhiza uralensis) protects against triptolide-induced oxidative stress through activation of Nrf2. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2752389. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2752389 (cited by 2019 Feb 5).   DOI
16 Chen X, Liu Z, Meng R, Shi C and Guo N. (2017). Antioxidative and anticancer properties of licochalcone A from licorice. Journal of Ethnophamacology. 198:331-337.   DOI
17 Gao J, Inagaki Y, Li X, Kokudo N and Tang W. (2013). Research progress on natural products from traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Drug Discoveries and Therapeutics. 7:46-57.
18 Gong H, Zhang BK, Yan M, Fang PF, Li HD, Hu CP, Yang Y, Cao P, Jiang O and Fan XR. (2015). A protective mechanism of licorice(Glycyrrhiza uralensis): Isoliquiritigenin stimulates detoxification system via Nrf2 activation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 162:134-139.   DOI
19 Kim KR, Jeong CK, Park KK, Choi JH, Park JHY, Lim SS and Chung WY. (2010). Anti-inflammatory effects of licorice and roasted licorice extracts on TPA-induced acute inflammation and collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. 709378. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/709378 (cited by 2019 May 3).   DOI
20 Jung HW, Yoon CH, Park KM, Han HS and Park YK. (2009). Hexane fraction of Zingiberis Rhizoma Crudus extract inhibits the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells via the NF-kappaB pathway. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 47:1190-1197.   DOI
21 Kim YC and Chung SK. (2002). Reactive oxygen radical species scavenging effects of Korean medicinal plant leaves. Food Science and Biotechnology. 11:407-411.
22 Kwak JS, Jang KJ, Seong HG and Jeong YO. (2009). Cultivation and use of medicinal crops. Purenhangbok Publisher. Seoul, Korea. p.103.
23 Kwak SK and Park YC. (2004). Effects of Gamcho on cytokine production in asthma model mouse. Journal of Physiology and Pathology in Korean Medicine. 18:463-467.
24 Kwon HM, Lim SS, Choi YJ, Jeong YJ, Kang SW, Bae JY and Kang YH. (2005). Inhibitory effects of licochalcone A and isoliquiritigenin on monocyte adhesion to TNF-${\alpha}$-activated endothelium. Nutritional Science. 8:153-158.
25 Lau FC, Bielinski DF and Joseph JA. (2007). Inhibitory effects of blueberry extract on the production of inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV2 microglia. Journal of Neuroscience Research. 85:1010-1017.   DOI
26 Lee SE, Kim GS, Han HS, Lee ES, Kim YO, Lee JH, Seong NS, Lee SW and Kim YC. (2010). Biological activity of organic solvent fractions from Lythrum salicaria L.(root). Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 18:323-328.
27 Lee HK, Yang EJ, Kim JY, Song KS and Seong YH. (2012). Inhibitory effects of Glycyrrhizae radix and its active component, isoliquiritigenin, on $A{\beta}$(25-35)-induced neurotoxicity in cultures rat cortical neurons. Archives of Pharmacal Research. 35:897-904.   DOI