Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2013.21.5.361

Antimelanogenic Effect and Whitening of Anthocyanin Rich Fraction from Seeds of Liriope platyphylla  

Choung, Myoung Gun (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University)
Hwang, Young Sun (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University)
Kim, Gi Ppeum (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University)
Ahn, Kyung Geun (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University)
Shim, Hoon Seob (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University)
Hong, Seung Beom (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University)
Choi, Jae Hoo (Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Yu, Chang Yeon (Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Chung, Ill Min (Department of Applied Bioscience, Konkuk University)
Kim, Seung Hyun (Department of Applied Bioscience, Konkuk University)
Lim, Jung Dae (Department of Herbal Medicine Resource, Kangwon National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science / v.21, no.5, 2013 , pp. 361-371 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was performed to determine the antimelanogenic effect and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of anthocyanin rich fraction (AN-SLP) from Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang seeds. Anthocyanins isolated from L. platyphylla seeds revealed the presence of four major anthocyanin components, which were tentatively identified as delphinidin-3-Oglucoside, delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside, petunidin-3-O-rutinoside, and malvidin-3-O-rutinoside using semipreparative HPLC, $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, FAB-MS and LC/ES-MS. The inhibitory effect of AN-SLP on tyrosinase activity was studied using in vitro (against mushroom tyrosinase) and ex vivo (against B16 melanoma cell tyrosinase) models. Cellular tyrosinase activity was decreased by AN-SLP treatment in B 16 melanoma cells through dose dependent manner, but AN-SLP did not inhibit mushroom tyrosinase and L-DOPA oxidation directly. AN-SLP showed melanin inhibition by 53.2% at 50 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ which was 0.7 times more efficient than the antimelanogenic effect of commercial arbutin and kojic acid (36.5%) also did not show cell toxicity. Additionally, AN-SLP inhibited the activity of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and the glycosylation of tyrosinase in melanoma cell. The resulting unsaturated glycosylation of tyrosinase makes it unstable and disturb correct transportation. From theses results, we conclude that AN-SLP could be used as anti-melanogenic agent for skin whitening.
Keywords
Anthocyanin Rich Fraction; Antimelanogenic Effect; Seeds of Liriope platyphylla; Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Alaluf S, Heath A, Carter N, Atkins D, Mahalingam H, Barrett K, Kolb R and Smit N. (2001). Variation in melanin content and composition in type V and VI photoexposed and photoprotected human skin: The dominant role of DHI. Pigment Cell Research. 14:337-347.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Aramwit P, Nipaporn B and Srichana T. (2010). The properties and stability of anthocyanins in mulberry fruits. Food Research International. 43:1093-1097.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Battaini G, Monzani E, Casella L, Santagostini L and Pagliarin R. (2000). Inhibition of the catecholase activity of biomimetic dinuclear copper complexes by kojic acid. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry. 5:262-268.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Branza-Nichita N, Negroiu G, Petrescu AJ, Garman EF, Platt FM, Wormald MR, Dwek RA and Petrescu SM. (2000). Mutations at critical N-glycosylation sites reduce tyrosinase activity by altering folding and quality control. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275:8169-8175.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Branza-Nichita N, Petrescu AJ, Dwek RA, Wormald MR, Platt FM and Petrescu SM. (1999). Tyrosinase folding and copper loading in vivo: A crucial role for calnexin and alpha-glucosidase II. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 261:720-725.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Cerezo AB, Cuevas E, Winterhalter P, Garcia-Parrilla MC and Troncoso AM. (2010). Isolation, identification, and antioxidant activity of anthocyanin compounds in Camarosa strawberry. Food Chemistry. 123:574-582.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Chang TS, Ding HY and Lin HC. (2005). Identifying 6,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry. 69:1999-2001.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Chen QI and Kubo I. (2002). Kinetics of mushroom tyrosinase inhibition by quercetin. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 50:4108-4112.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Choi H, Ahn S, Chang H, Cho NS, Joo K, Lee BG, Chang I and Hwang JS. (2007). Influence of N-glycan processing disruption on tyrosinase and melanin synthesis in HM3KO melanoma cells. Experimental Dermatology. 16: 110-117.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Choi SI, Park JH, Her YK, Lee YK, Kim JE, Nam SH, Goo JS, Jang MJ, Lee HS, Son HJ, Lee CY and Hwang DY. (2010). Effects of water extract of Liriope platyphylla on the mRNA expression and protein secretion of nerve growth factors. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 18:291-297.   과학기술학회마을
11 Choi SS, Noh HS, Cho SH and Kong KH. (2001). Screening of inhibitors against tyrosinase activity from natural products. Yakhak Hoeji. 45:522-528.
12 Dueoas M, Perz-Alonso JJ, Santos-Buelga C and Escribano-Bailn T. (2008). Anthocyanin composition in fig(Ficus caruca L.). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 21:107-115.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Gomez-Cordoves C, Bartolome B, Vieira W and Virador VM. (2001). Effects of wine phenolics and sorghum tannins on tyrosinase activity and growth of melanoma cells. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 49:1620-1624.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Ha SK, Moon EJ, Lee MJ, Park HM, Yoo ES, Oh MS and Kim SY. (2009). Effect of the BuOH soluble fraction of Cinnamomum camphora on melanin biosynthesis. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 17:293-300.   과학기술학회마을
15 Hearing VJ. (1999). Biochemical control of melanogenesis and melanosomal organization. Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings. 4:24-28.
16 Jeon KH, Lee BG, Park DG and Lee BS. (2001). Cosmetic composit for whitening containing Broussonetia kazinoki extract. Korea Patent. 10-0070824.
17 Imokawa G and Mishima Y. (1984). Functional analysis of tyrosinase isozymes of cultured malignant melanoma cells during the recovery period following interrupted melanogenesis induced by glycosylation inhibitors. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 83:196-201.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Ishihara Y, Oka M, Tsunakawa M, Tomita K, Hatori M, Yamamoto H, Kamei H, Miyaki T, Konishi M and Oki T. (1991) Melanostatin, a new melanin synthesis inhibitor. Production, isolation, chemical properties, structure and biological activity. Journal of Antibiotics. 44:25-32.   DOI
19 Jang DI, Lee BG, Jeon CO, Jo NS, Park SY, Lee H and Koh JS. (1997). Melanogenesis inhibitor from paper mulberry. Cosmetics and Toiletries. 112:59-62.
20 Jo YC, Kong YH, Lee YC, Kim SS and Choi SY. (2008). Inhibitory effect of white ginseng fraction on skin pigmentation. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 16:192-194.   과학기술학회마을
21 Joshi PC, Carraro C and Pathak MA. (1987). Involvement of reactive oxygen species in the oxidation of tyrosine and dopa to melanin and in skin tanning. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 142:265-274.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Katon W, Russo J, Lin EHB, Heckbert SR, Karter AJ, Williams LH, Ciechanowski P, Ludman E and Von Korff M. (2009). Diabetes and poor disease control: Is comorbid depression associated with poor medication adherence or lack of treatment intensification? Psychosomatic Medicine. 71:965-972.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Kim EG and Kim DM. (2008). Extract of Nigella glandulifera Freyn et Sint having whitening activity and the cosmetic composition comprising thereof. Korea Patent. 10-0850686.
24 Lee JH and Choung MG. (2011). Identification and characterization of anthocyanins in the antioxidant activitycontaining fraction of Liriope platyphylla fruits. Food Chemistry. 127:1686-1693.   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Kim JS, Kwon CS and Son KH. (2000). Inhibition of alphaglucosidase and amylase by luteolin, a flavonoid. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry. 64:2458-2461.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Kornfeld R and Kornfeld S. (1985). Assembly of asparagine linked oligosaccharides. Annual Review of Biochemistry. 54:631-664.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Krentz AJ, Patel MB and Bailey CJ. (2008). New drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus: What is their place in therapy? Drugs. 68:2131-2162.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Lee KM, Lee EC, Cho SC and Moon SS. (2008). The antimelanogenic effects of compounds extracted from bamboo inner film. Journal of the Society Cosmetic Scientists of Korea. 34:287-301.   과학기술학회마을
29 Lee SH, Choi SY, Kim H, Hwang JS, Lee BG, Gao JJ and Kim SY. (2002). Mulberroside F isolated from the leaves of Morus alba inhibits melanin biosynthesis. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 25:1045-1048.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Lowell AG. (1991). Physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology of the skin(2nd ed.) Oxford University Press Inc. New York, USA. p.891.
31 Lozovskaya T, Brenner-Weiss G, Franzreb M and Nusser M. (2012). Recovery of anthocyanins from grape pomace extract(Pinot Noir) using magnetic particles based on poly(vinyl alcohol). Celluslose Chemistry and Technology. 46:427-433.
32 Maeda K and Fukuda M. (1996). Arbutin: Mechanism of its depigmenting action in human melanocyte culture. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 276:765-769.
33 Mosmann T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods. 65:55-63.   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Matsui T, Ueda T, Oki T, Oshiro Sugita K, Terahara N and Matsumoto K. (2001). ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibitory action of natural acylated anthocyanins. 2. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibition by isolated acylated anthocyanins. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 49:1952-1956.   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Mishima Y and Imokawa G. (1983). Selective aberration and pigment loss in melanosomes of malignant melanoma cells in vitro by glycosilation inhibitors: Premelanosomes as glycoprotein. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 81:106-114.   DOI   ScienceOn
36 Miyazawa M, Oshima T, Koshio K, Itsuzaki Y and Anzai J. (2003). Tyrosinase inhibitor from black rice bran. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 51:6953-6956.   DOI   ScienceOn
37 Oki T, Matsui T and Osajima Y. (1999). Inhibitory effect of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitors varies according to its origin. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 47:550-553   DOI   ScienceOn
38 Pazmino-Durn EA, Giusti MM, Wrolstad RE and Glria MBA. (2001). Anthocyanins from banana bracts(Musa X Paradisiaca) as potential food colorants. Food Chemistry. 73:327-332.   DOI   ScienceOn
39 Petrescu SM, Petrescu AJ, Titu HN, Dwek RA and Platt FM (1997). Inhibition of N-glycan processing in B16 melanoma cells results in inactivation of tyrosinase but does not prevent its transport to the melanosome. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272:15796-15803.   DOI   ScienceOn
40 Roh JS, Han JY, Kim JH and Hwang JK. (2004). Inhibitory effects of active compounds isolated from safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds for melanognensis. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 27:1976-1978.   DOI   ScienceOn
41 Winchester B and Fleet GW. (1992). Amino-sugar glycosidase inhibitors: Versatile tools for glycobiologists. Glycobiology. 2:199-210.   DOI   ScienceOn
42 Sanchez-Ferrer A, Rodriguez-Lopez JN, Garcia-Canovas F and Garcia-Carmona F. (1995). Tyrosinase: A comprehensive review of its mechanism. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1247:1-11.   DOI   ScienceOn
43 Vanni A, Gastaldi D and Giunata G. (1990). Kinetic investigations on the double enzymatic activity of the tyrosinase mushroom. Annali Di Chimica-Rome 80:35-60.
44 Vedula U, Schnitzer-Polokoff R and Tulp OL. (1991). The effect of acarbose on the food intake, weight gain, and adiposity of LA/N-cp rats. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 100:477-482.   DOI   ScienceOn
45 Yang ES, Hwang JS, Choi HC, Hong RH and Kang SM. (2008). The effect of genistein on melanin synthesis and in vivo whitening. Korean Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 36:72-81.   과학기술학회마을