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Frequency and Growth Characteristics of Polyploids Occurred Spontaneously in Some Mandarin Hybrids  

Song, Kwan-Jeong (Faculty of Bioscience & Industry, Jeju National University)
Kim, Sat-Byul (Faculty of Bioscience & Industry, Jeju National University)
Park, Jae-Hyun (Faculty of Bioscience & Industry, Jeju National University)
Oh, Eun-Ui (Faculty of Bioscience & Industry, Jeju National University)
Lee, Kyung-Uk (Faculty of Bioscience & Industry, Jeju National University)
Kim, Dong-Wook (Faculty of Bioscience & Industry, Jeju National University)
Kang, Jong-Hoon (Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Agricultural Research & Extension Services)
Kim, Jeong-Soon (University of Florida, Citrus Research & Education Center (CREC))
Oh, Jeong-Hwan (Jeju Citrus Agricultural Cooperative)
Gmitter, Fred G. (University of Florida, Citrus Research & Education Center (CREC))
Publication Information
Horticultural Science & Technology / v.29, no.6, 2011 , pp. 617-622 More about this Journal
Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the efficiency in producing spontaneous polyploids in some mandarin hybrids with different seed embryony. Seed formation by open pollination, frequency of spontaneous polyploids, and plant growth characteristics were evaluated in four mandarin hybrids with polyembryony such as 'Amakusa', 'Haruka', 'Hayaka', and 'Seminole' and two with monoembryony such as 'Benibae' and 'Harehime'. The mean number of the developed seeds per fruit was 10.0 and frequency of small seeds was 25.1%. Polyploids were selected from plants germinated in vitro by a flow cytometry and confirmed by chromosome analysis. One triploid was produced from 'Harehime', one tetraploid, 'Amakusa', and one tetrapoid, 'Benibae'. There were little differences in leaf shape, thickness, petiole length, and internode length between diploids and polyploids such as tri- or tetraploid. However, polyploids had larger stomata and lower density of stomata in abaxial epidermis than diploids. SPAS indicating chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate were significantly affected by ploidy level. The results indicated that spontaneous polyploids might be produced by open pollination in some mandarin hybrids and monoembryony had higher frequency in polyploid occurrence than polyembryony.
Keywords
chromosome; flow cytometry; monoembryony; polyembryony; stomata;
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