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http://dx.doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2014.09.0.035

Overwintering Conditions of the Diamondback Moth and Genetic Variation of Overwintering Populations  

Kim, Eunseong (Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University)
Choi, Bongki (Department of Applied Biology, Kyungpook National University)
Park, Youngjin (Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University)
Cha, Ookhyun (Department of Biology, Kyungsung University)
Jung, Chungryel (Department of Biology, Kyungsung University)
Lee, Daeweon (Department of Biology, Kyungsung University)
Kim, Kwangho (Crop Protection Division, National Academy of Agriculture Science)
Kim, Yonggyun (Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University)
Publication Information
Korean journal of applied entomology / v.53, no.4, 2014 , pp. 355-365 More about this Journal
Abstract
It has been unclear whether the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella can overwinter in Korean field conditions. This study determined overwintering conditions of P. xylostella by conducting field exposure tests based on its cold tolerance and monitoring overwintering populations by direct examination of overwintering larval habitats and capturing adults with sex pheromone traps. In addition, the overwintering populations were analyzed using polymorphic genetic markers to trace their sources. When all immature stages of P. xylostella were exposed to $-5^{\circ}C$, which was the temperature much above their supercooling points, they significantly suffered with direct cold injuries, where larval stage was most tolerant to the cold injury. However, the exposure to $5^{\circ}C$ for a long period (4 weeks) did not give any significant cold injury to nonfeeding stages, while this treatment gave lethality to larval stage without diet. When all developmental stages of P. xylostella were exposed to open field conditions during winter, they exhibited significant decreases of survival rates. However, some protected and indoor conditions reduced the cold injuries and the diet provision significantly increased larval survival rates. Adult monitoring with sex pheromone during winter period indicated that the first captures were observed at similar periods at different locations (${\approx}260$ Km apart). The overwintering adults were captured until early April. Genetic variation of these overwintering populations was analyzed with polymorphic molecular markers, indicating significant genetic divergences among the overwintering populations. This study indicates that P. xylostella can overwinter in southern Korean fields or some protected greenhouses with host plants.
Keywords
Plutella xylostella; Overwintering; Cold injury; Cold hardiness; Genetic variation;
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