Effects of Temperature and Food on the Nymphal Development and Adult Longevity of the Green Mirid Bug, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Router (Hemiptera: Miridae) and Its Egg Predation

This study was conducted to determine the effects of temperature and food onthe nymphal development and adult longevity of the green virid bug, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Router. Nymphal period was 13.2 to 13.7 days at 24$^{\circ}C$, 10.4 to 10.9 days at 28$^{\circ}C$, and 9.0 to 9.3 days at 32$^{\circ}C$. Number of eggs predated by nymph was 10.6-14.3 at 24$^{\circ}C$, 7.5-9.2 at 28$^{\circ}C$, and 5.8-7.5 at 32$^{\circ}C$. Amount of predation was highest on BPH, followed by SBPH, WBPH, and GLH. Number of nympal moulting was mostly four times (55-75%) followed by three times (25-45%), regardless of temperature and food. Percent emergence rate was 52-70%, 48-66% and 22-38% at 24$^{\circ}C$, 28$^{\circ}C$ and 32$^{\circ}C$, respectively, showing a tendency to decrease with increasing temperature, and was affected by foods. Adult longevity, when supplied with one food, was 19.8 to 22.5 days at 24$^{\circ}C$, 15.6 to 17.0 days at 28$^{\circ}C$, and 10.3 to 11.7 days at 32$^{\circ}C$. There was no significant difference among foods in terms of adult longevity, but it tended to be slightly longer when provided with four foods than with one food. Number of eggs predated by an adult, when supplied with one food, was 35.7-54.2, 31.6-44.6 and 18.1-28.2 at 24$^{\circ}C$, 28$^{\circ}C$ and 32$^{\circ}C$, respectively. It was highest on BPH, followed by SBPH, WBPH and GLH regardless of temperature. Number of egg Predated by an adult, when supplied with four foods, was 4.0-28.9, 2.9-29.0 and 17-13.6 at 24$^{\circ}C$, 28$^{\circ}C$ and 32$^{\circ}C$, respectively, and was significantly different among foods supplied. The results suggest that the significantly different predation amount by adult was due to food preference amoung the different foods.

온도 및 먹이가 등검은황록장님노린재의 약충발육과 성충수명 및 난 포식량에 미치는 영향

온도 및 먹이가 등검은황록장님노린재의 약충발육과 성충수명 및 약충과 성충의 먹이의 종별 난 포식량에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 약충의 발육기간은 24$^{\circ}C$, 28$^{\circ}C$ 및 32$^{\circ}C$에서 각각 13.2-13.7일, 10.4-10.9일 및 9.0-9.3일이었다. 약충의 난 포식량은 24$^{\circ}C$, 28$^{\circ}C$ 및 32$^{\circ}C$에서 각각 10.6-14.3개, 7.5-9.2개 및 5.8-7.5개로 끝동매미충, 흰등멸구, 애멸구 및 벼멸구의 난 순으로 많았다. 약충의 탈피 횟수는 4회가 55-75%로 3회의 25-45%보다 높았으며, 온도 및 먹이에 따른 큰 차이는 없었다. 우화율은 24$^{\circ}C$, 28$^{\circ}C$ 및 32$^{\circ}C$에서 각각 52-70%, 48-66% 및 22-38%로 먹이에 따른 차이와 함께 온도가 높아질수록 낮아지는 경향이었다. 성충수명은 1종 먹이만 제공한 경우 24$^{\circ}C$, 28$^{\circ}C$ 및 32$^{\circ}C$에서 각각 19.75-22.45일, 15.55-16.95일 및 10.25-11.65일 이었으나, 4종 먹이를 함께 제공한 경우 성충수명은 1종 먹이만 제공한 것보다 약간 긴 경향이었다. 성충의 포식량을 1종 먹이만 제공한 경우 24$^{\circ}C$, 28$^{\circ}C$ 및 32$^{\circ}C$에서 각각 35.7-54.2개, 31.6-44.55개 및 18.1-28.15개로 온도조건에 관계없이 끝동매미충, 흰등멸구, 애멸구 및 벼멸구의 난 순으로 많았다. 하지만 4종 먹이를 함께 제공한 성충의 포식량은 24$^{\circ}C$, 28$^{\circ}C$ 및 32$^{\circ}C$에서 각각 3.95-28.9개, 2.9-28.95개 및 1.7-13.6개로 제공된 먹이간에 차이가 현저하였다. 따라서 먹이간 성충 포식량의 현저한 차이는 기주선호성에 따른 것으로 생각된다.