Skin Moisturizing Activity of Unripe Apple(Immature Fruit of Malus pumila) in Mice |
Park, Hye Rim
(Dept. of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University)
Kim, Jae Kwang (Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine) Lee, Jae Kyoung (CNS Pharm Korea Co. Ltd.) Choi, Beom Rak (Nutracore Co. Ltd.) Kim, Jong Dae (Dept. of Pulmonary Internal Medicine, Daegu Haany University Daegu Oriental Hospital, Daegu Haany University) Ku, Sae Kwang (Dept. of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University) Jegal, Kyung Hwan (Dept. of Korean Medical Classics, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University) |
1 | Uitto J, Bernstein EF. Molecular mechanisms of cutaneous aging: connective tissue alterations in the dermis. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 1998;3(1):41-4. |
2 | Ahmed IA, Mikail MA, Zamakshshari N, Abdullah AH. Natural anti-aging skincare: role and potential. Biogerontology. 2020;21(3):293-310. DOI |
3 | Burda S, Oleszek W, Lee CY. Phenolic compounds and their changes in apples during maturation and cold storage. J of Agric Food Chem. 1990;38(4):945-8. DOI |
4 | Lee JA. Physicochemical Character and Antioxidant Activity of Unripened Apples in Korea. Cul Sci & Hos Res. 2018;24(8):30-7. |
5 | Ahmed IA, Mikail MA, Zamakshshari NH, Mustafa MR, Hashim NM, Othman R. Trends and challenges in phytotherapy and phytocosmetics for skin aging. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2022;29(8):103363. DOI |
6 | Itano N, Sawai T, Yoshida M, Lenas P, Yamada Y, Imagawa M, et al. Three isoforms of mammalian hyaluronan synthases have distinct enzymatic properties. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:25085-92. DOI |
7 | Mauviel A. Transforming growth factor-beta signaling in skin: stromal to epithelial cross-talk. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(1):7-9. DOI |
8 | Rock K, Grandoch M, Majora M, Krutmann J, Fischer JW. Collagen fragments inhibit hyaluronan synthesis in skin fibroblasts in response to ultraviolet B (UVB): new insights into mechanisms of matrix remodeling. J Biol Chem. 2011;286:18268-76. DOI |
9 | Uitto J. Understanding premature skin aging. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(20):1463-5. DOI |
10 | Zhang S, Duan E. Fighting against skin aging: The way from bench to bedside. Cell Transplant. 2018;27(5):729-38. DOI |
11 | Verdier-Sevrain S, Bonte F. Skin hydration: a review on its molecular mechanisms. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2007;6(2):75-82. DOI |
12 | Osada K, Ogino Y, Nakamura S. Effect of dietary apple polyphenol on metabolic disorder of lipid in rats given oxidized cholesterol. Proc Jpn Conf Biochem Lipids. 1997;39:317-20. |
13 | Michalak M, Pierzak M, Krecisz B, Suliga E. Bioactive compounds for skin health: a review. Nutrients. 2021;13(1):203. DOI |
14 | Kim JD, Koh BH. The Bibiographical investigation of the apple and Neung-keum. J Kor Med. 1998;19(1):339-48. |
15 | Korean Interllectual Property Office, Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine. Pyeonggwa(苹果) [Internet]. 2007. Available from: URL: https://doi.org/10.20929/KTKP.MED.0000083143 DOI |
16 | Kojima T, Akiyama H, Sasai M, Taniuchi S, Goda Y, Toyoda M, et al. Anti-allergic effect of apple polyphenol on patients with atopic dermatitis: A pilot study, Allergol Int. 2000;49(1):69-73. DOI |
17 | Choi JH, Chung SK. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of polyphenols isolated from unripe apples (Malus pumila cv. Hongro). Korean J Food Preserv. 2019;26:690-6. DOI |
18 | Akiyama H, Sakushima J, Taniuchi S, Kanda T, Yanagida A, Kojima T, et al. Antiallergic effect of apple polyphenols on the allergic model mouse. Biol Pharm Bull. 2000;23(11):1370-3. DOI |
19 | Coderch L, Lopez O, De La Maza A, Parra JL. Ceramides and skin function. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(2):107-29. DOI |
20 | Dominik IM, Eileen JA, Marc HE, Remo CA, Eliane WA, Hugo ZI. Activation of TGF-β : a gateway to skin rejuvenation. H&PC Today. 2015;10:1-6. |
21 | Papakonstantinou E, Roth M, Karakiulakis G. Hyaluronic acid: a key molecule in skin aging. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012;4(3):253-8. DOI |
22 | Sun Q, Wu J, Qian G, Cheng H. Effectiveness of dietary supplement for skin moisturizing in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr. 2022;9:895192. DOI |
23 | Kono T, Miyachi Y, Kawashima M. Clinical significance of the water retention and barrier function-improving capabilities of ceramide-containing formulations: a qualitative review. J Dermatol. 2021;48(12):1807-16. DOI |
24 | Jacobson A, Brinck J, Briskin MJ, Spicer AP, Heldin P. Expression of human hyaluronan synthases in response to external stimuli. Biochem J. 2000;348:29-35. DOI |
25 | Stuhlmeier KM, Pollaschek C. Differential effect of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) on the genes encoding hyaluronan synthases and utilization of the p38 MAPK pathway in TGF-beta-induced hyaluronan synthase 1 activation. J Biol Chem. 2004;279(10):8753-60. DOI |