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http://dx.doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00563

Can antioxidants be effective therapeutics for type 2 diabetes?  

Park, Soyoung (Department of Physiology and Smart-aging Convergence Research Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine)
Park, So-Young (Department of Physiology and Smart-aging Convergence Research Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine)
Publication Information
Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science / v.38, no.2, 2021 , pp. 83-94 More about this Journal
Abstract
The global obesity epidemic and the growing elderly population largely contribute to the increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance acts as a critical link between the present obesity pandemic and type 2 diabetes. Naturally occurring reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate intracellular signaling and are kept in balance by the antioxidant system. However, the imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant capacity causes ROS accumulation and induces oxidative stress. Oxidative stress interrupts insulin-mediated intracellular signaling pathways, as supported by studies involving genetic modification of antioxidant enzymes in experimental rodents. In addition, a close association between oxidative stress and insulin resistance has been reported in numerous human studies. However, the controversial results with the use of antioxidants in type 2 diabetes raise the question of whether oxidative stress plays a critical role in insulin resistance. In this review article, we discuss the relevance of oxidative stress to insulin resistance based on genetically modified animal models and human trials.
Keywords
Antioxidants; Insulin resistance; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species;
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