Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.38121/kpea.2021.03.37.1.143

A Study on Estimating Air Pullution in the Port of Incheon  

Lee, Jeong-Uk (인천대학교 동북아물류대학원)
Lee, Hyang-Suk (인천대학교 동북아물류대학원)
Publication Information
Journal of Korea Port Economic Association / v.37, no.1, 2021 , pp. 143-157 More about this Journal
Abstract
International organizations such as the World Health Organization, the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation, and major developed countries recognize the seriousness of air pollution. International organizations such as the International Maritime Organization have also implemented various regulations to reduce air pollution from ships. In line with this international trend, the government has also enacted a special law on improving air quality in port areas, and is making efforts to reduce air pollution caused by ports. The purpose of the Special Act is to implement comprehensive policies to improve air quality in port areas. This study sought to identify the emissions of each source of air pollutants originating from the port and prepare basic data on setting the policy priorities. To this end, the analysis was conducted in six categories: ships, vehicles, loading and unloading equipment, railways, unloading/wild ash dust, road ash dust, and the methodology presented by the European Environment Agency(EEA) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA). The pollutants subject to analysis were analyzed for carbon monoxide(CO), nitrogen oxides (NOX), sulfur oxides(SOX), total airborne materials(TSP), particulate matter(PM10, PM2.5), and ammonia(NH3). The analysis showed a total of 7,122 tons of emissions. By substance, NOX accounted for the largest portion of 5,084 tons, followed by CO (984 tons), SOX (530 tons), and TSP (335 tons). By source of emissions, ships accounted for the largest portion with 4,107 tons, followed by vehicles with 2,622 tons, showing high emissions. This proved to be the main cause of port air pollution, with 57.6% and 36.8% of total emissions, respectively, suggesting the need for countermeasures against these sources.
Keywords
Port of Incheon; Air pollutants; Emissions; particulate matter;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Joseph Berechman.Po-Hsing Tseng(2012), Estimating the environmental costs of port related emissions: The case of Kaohsiung, Transportation Research Part D 17 (2012) 35-38 .   DOI
2 U.S. EPA(2009). Current methodologies in Preparing Mobile Source Port-Related Emission Inventories. ICF International Final report to Environmental Protection Agency.
3 U.S. EPA(2010c) MOVES2010 Highway Vehicle Population and Activity Data. EPA-420-R-10-026. Washington, DC: Assessment and Standards Division, Office of Transportation and Air Quality.
4 김화영.부이 하이 당(2020), 선박 입출항 데이터 기반 항계 내 선박 배기가스 배출량 산정, 한국지능시스템학회 논문지, 30(6), 453-458.
5 한세현.윤종상.김우중.서윤호.정용원(2011), 인천항 항만시설에서의 대기오염물질 배출량 산정, 한국대기환경학회지, 27(4), 460-471.   DOI
6 Ernestos Tzannatos(2010), Ship emissions and their externalities for the port of Piraeus e Greece, Atmospheric Environment 44, 400-407.   DOI
7 EEA, 2016. EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2016.
8 김환성.조민지(2008), 항만의 CO2 배출량 산정에 관한 연구, 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집, 137-139.
9 조정정.윤경준.이향숙(2019), 선박에 기인한 대기오염물질 배출량 산정 연구-광양항과 울산항을 중심으로, 제35집 제2호, 93-108.
10 Zhao, Ting-Ting.Pham, Thai-Hoang.Lee, HyangSook(2020), 인천항 하역장비 대기오염물질 배출량 산정 연구, 한국항만경제학회지, 제36집 제3호, 21-38.
11 Hyang-sook Lee.Dong-joo Park.Sang-ho Choo.Hoang T. Pham(2020), Estimation of the Non-Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory from Ships in the Port of Incheon, Sustainability, 12(19), 8231.   DOI
12 Hyang-sook Lee.Hoang Thai Pham.Chi-hoon Kim.Kang-dae Lee(2019), A Study on Emissions from Drayage Trucks in the Port City-Focusing on the Port of Incheon, Sustainability, 11(19), 5358.   DOI
13 U.S. EPA(2002). Methodology for developing modal emission rates for EPA's Multi-Scale Motor Vehicle and Equipment Emission System. EPA-420-R-02-027. Washington, DC: Assessment and Standards Division, Office of Transportation and Air Quality.
14 U.S. EPA(2003). User's guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2: Mobile source emission factor model. Technical report, United States Environmental Protection Agency, USA.
15 U.S. EPA(2010a). Median life, annual activity, and load factor values for nonroad engine emission modeling. EPA-420-R-10-016.
16 U.S. EPA(2010b). Exhaust and crankcase emission factors for non-road engine modeling-compression-ignition. EPA-420-R-10-018.
17 U.S. EPA. (2012). Motor vehicle emission simulator (MOVES): User's guide for MOVES 2010. Technical report, United States Environmental Protection Agency.