Browse > Article

A Cargo Insurer's Right of Direct Action against P&I Club - Focused on Docket No.2012 gadan 503694 in Seoul Central District Court-  

Lee, Wonjeong (덕성여자대학교 사회과학대학 국제통상학과)
Publication Information
Journal of Korea Port Economic Association / v.30, no.4, 2014 , pp. 111-130 More about this Journal
Abstract
The article 742(2) of the Korean Commercial Code allowed the third party to invoke a direct action against the insurer under a liability insurance. Meanwhile, the owners of the vessel enter into the P&I Insurance Contract with the P&I Club to indemnify all kinds of liability or expenses involved in the operation of its vessel. However, the Rule Book under the P&I Insurance mostly included the Pay to be Paid Clause which precludes the third party's direct action. Recently, the Seoul Central District Court passed a judgement on the validity of the Pay to be Paid Clause under the Korean law against the third party i.e. the cargo insurer having the right of subrogation. The court held that (1) the third party's right of direct action is not the right to claim insurance money but the right to claim damages against the P&I Club, (2) the insurer under a liability insurance is deemed to assume liability jointly and severally with the insured against the third party, (3) the Article 742(2) of the Korean Commercial Code is considered as a compulsory provision because it was invented to protect the innocent third party, the Paid to be Paid Clause is thus null and void. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the appropriateness of this court's judgments by comparative analysis of Korean and English law, and to suggest the relevant amendments of the Korean Commercial Code in order to prevent further legal disputes. The article criticizes the decision of the Seoul Central District Court, taking the attitude that, since the third party's right is the right to claim insurance money, the Paid to be Paid Clause is valid against the third party.
Keywords
Right of Direct Action; P&I Club; Cargo Insurer; Pay to be Paid Clause;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 ,문병일, "루이지애나 직접청구권법에 관한 소고", 한국해법학회지, 제36권 제2호, 2014, 249-297.
2 박세민, "책임보험상 직접청구권을 둘러싼 법적 논점에 관한 고찰", 안암논총, 제27권, 2008, 499-500.
3 박영준, "선주책임상호보험(P&I Insurance)의 법적 성질", 법학논문집, 제30집 제2호, 2006, 194-196.
4 박영준, "선주책임상호보험에 관한 연구", 고려대학교 대학원 박사학위논문, 2002, 238-241.
5 박은경, "해상보험계약에 있어서 고지의무와 워런티", 한국항만경제학회지, 제19권 제1호, 2003, 89-112.
6 서영화, "해상의 책임보험과 피해자의 직접청구권", 한국해법학회지, 제28권 제1호, 2006, 59-61.
7 성승제, "책임보험에서 제3자의 직접청구권", 법학논총, 제27권 제1호, 2010, 304.
8 심재두, 해상보험법, 길안사, 1995, 1.
9 이원정, "선하증권상 레틀라약관의 효력", 관세학회지, 제15권 제3호, 2014년, 217-234.
10 이원정, "항해용선계약상 중재조항의 용선계약 선하증권에의 편입", 한국해법학회지, 제36권 제1호, 2014년, 93-124.
11 정찬형, 상법(하), 박영사, 2005, 677.
12 최종현, 해상법상론, 박영사, 2014, 602.
13 Christopher et. al., Introduction to P&I, LLP, 1996, 65-68.
14 Daniel L. Burkard, "To Report or Not To Report, That is the Question ; Are Protection and Indemnity Clubs Responsible Reporting Entities under MMSEA Section 111", Tulane Maritime Law Journal, Vol.36, 2011/2012, 217.
15 Daniel J. Dougherty, "The Impact of a Member's Insolvency or Bankruptcy on a Protection and Indemnity Club", Tulane Maritime Law Journal, Vol.59, 1984/1985, 1479.
16 Norman J. Ronneberg, "An Introduction to the Protection and Indemnity Clubs and the Marine Insurance they provide", University of San Francisco Maritime Law Journal, Vol.3, 190/1991, 3.
17 Ince & Co, Shipping E-Brief, 2010, 24.
18 Johanna Hjalmar, "P&I Insurer's Information Duties", Shipping and Trade Law, Vol.10 No.4, 2010, 5-7.
19 Lloyd s Partners Limited, Energy & Marine Insurance Newsletter, 2010, 10
20 North of England P&I Club Association, An Introduction to P&I Insurance and Loss Prevention, 2012, 16.
21 Standard P&I Club, Standard Bulletin, 2010, 9.
22 Steven J. Hazelwood, P&I Clubs : The Law and Practice, LLP, 1994, p.8.
23 William Tetly, International Maritime and Admiralty, Blais, 2003, 619.
24 문병일, "보험자에 대한 직접청구권의 법적 성질", 한국해법학회지, 제32권 제2호, 2010, 236-238.
25 권기훈, "책임보험계약에 있어서 제3자의 직접청구권", 아주법학, 제2권 제1호, 2008, 28-31.
26 김인현, "한국과 미국의 선주책임상호보험에서의 직접청구권에 대한 비교법적 연구", 한국해법학회지, 제28권 제1호, 2006, 12-21.