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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2021.05.035

Experimental research on the mechanisms of condensation induced water hammer in a natural circulation system  

Sun, Jianchuang (Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University)
Deng, Jian (Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory, Nuclear Power Institute of China)
Ran, Xu (Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory, Nuclear Power Institute of China)
Cao, Xiaxin (Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University)
Fan, Guangming (Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University)
Ding, Ming (Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University)
Publication Information
Nuclear Engineering and Technology / v.53, no.11, 2021 , pp. 3635-3642 More about this Journal
Abstract
Natural circulation systems (NCSs) are extensively applied in nuclear power plants because of their simplicity and inherent safety features. For some passive natural circulation systems in floating nuclear power plants (FNPPs), the ocean is commonly used as the heat sink. Condensation induced water hammer (CIWH) events may appear as the steam directly contacts the subcooled seawater, which seriously threatens the safe operation and integrity of the NCSs. Nevertheless, the research on the formation mechanisms of CIWH is insufficient, especially in NCSs. In this paper, the characteristics of flow rate and fluid temperature are emphatically analyzed. Then the formation types of CIWH are identified by visualization method. The experimental results reveal that due to the different size and formation periods of steam slugs, the flow rate presents continuous and irregular oscillation. The fluid in the horizontal hot pipe section near the water tank is always subcooled due to the reverse flow phenomenon. Moreover, the transition from stratified flow to slug flow can cause CIWH and enhance flow instability. Three types of formation mechanisms of CIWH, including the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, the interaction of solitary wave and interface wave, and the pressure wave induced by CIWH, are obtained by identifying 67 CIWH events.
Keywords
Condensation induced water hammer; Two-phase flow; Natural circulation system; Steam slug; Formation mechanisms;
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