[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

http://dx.doi.org/10.5140/JASS.2016.33.3.237

Family of the Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instruments (Ilseong-jeongsi-ui) Invented During the Joseon Dynasty

Lee, Yong Sam (Department of Astronomy and Space Science, Chungbuk National University)
Kim, Sang Hyuk (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute)
Mihn, Byeong-Hee (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute)

Publication Information

Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences / v.33, no.3, 2016 , pp. 237-246 More about this Journal

Abstract

We analyze the design and specifications of the Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining group of instruments (Ilseong-jeongsi-ui, 日星定時儀) made during the Joseon dynasty. According to the records of the Sejong Sillok (Veritable Records of King Sejong), Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instruments measure the solar time of day and the sidereal time of night through three rings and an alidade. One such instrument, the Simplified Time-Determining Instrument (So-jeongsi-ui, 小定時儀), is made without the essential component for alignment with the celestial north pole. Among this group of instruments, only two bronze Hundred-Interval-Ring Sundials (Baekgak-hwan-Ilgu, 百刻環日晷) currently exist. A comparison of the functions of these two relics with two Time-Determining Instruments suggests that the Hundred-Interval-Ring Sundial is a Simplified Sundial (So-ilyeong, 小日影), as recorded in the Sejong Sillok and the Seongjong Sillok (Veritable Records of King Seongjong). Furthermore, the Simplified Sundial is a model derived from the Simplified Time-Determining Instrument. During the King Sejong reign, the Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instruments were used in military camps of the kingdom's frontiers, in royal ancestral rituals, and in royal astronomical observatories.

Keywords

sundial; clock; Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instrument (日星定時儀); Simplified Time-Determining Instrument (小定時儀); Simplified Sundial (小日影);

Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By KSCI : 1 (Citation Analysis)

Reference
Cited By KSCI

1	Jeon SW, Nha IS, On the observational platform of Kwan-Sang-Kam, J. Korean Stud. 40, 251-267 (1983).
2	Jeon SW, Kim JS, Kim JH, Nha IS, Nam CW, et al., Investigation and report on the Korea cultural assets, J. Korean Hist. Sci. Soc. 6, 58-118 (1984).
3	Jo SG, Basic design and modeling for a reconstruction of the Ilseong-jeongsi-ui in Sejong era, Bachelor Dissertation, Chungbuk National University (1995).
4	Kim SH, Mihn BH, Lee MS, Lee YS, A study on the structure innovation of astronomical instruments in Joseon dynasty, Publ. Korean Astron. Soc. 27, 61-29 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.5303/PKAS.2012.27.3.061
5	Lee YS, A study on the structure and using method of astronomical instruments in the Joseon dynasty, Nat. Sci. Res. 15, 17-34 (2001).
6	Lee YS, Nam MH, Jagyeongnu's time keeping by the astronomical clock, Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instrument in King Sejong era, in Modern interpretation of King Sejong’s science and technology (Konkuk Univ. Institute of Korean Politics and Society, Seoul, 1998), 23-31.
7	Lee YS, Nam MH, Jeon SW, Korean Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instrument, Ilseong-jeongsi-ui, in Frontiers of oriental astronomy (2nd ICOA), eds. Kwan YC, Sun XC (China Science and Technology Press, Beijing, 1995), 1-8.
8	Mihn BH, Study on the So-ganui, in Korean traditional astronomical instruments, eds. Mihn BH, Yang HJ (KASI, Daejeon, 2009), 93-109.
9	Mihn BH, Lee KW, Ahn YS, Lee YS, A study on the locations of the royal astronomical bureau and the royal astronomical observatory in the Joseon dynasty, Publ. Korean Astron. Soc. 25, 141-154 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.5303/PKAS.2010. 25.4.141
10	Nam MH, Korean water-clocks (Konkuk Univ. Press, Seoul, 1995).
11	Nam MH, Jang Yeong-shil and the striking clepsydra Jagyeongnoo (Seoul National Univ. Press, Seoul, 2002).
12	Needham J, Lu GD, Combridge JH, Major JS, The hall of heavenly records: Korean astronomical instruments and clocks 1380-1780 (Cambridge Univ. Press, London, 1986).
13	Rufus WC, Astronomy in Korea, Trans. Korea Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 26, 1-52 (1936).
14	Song SY, Yu GN, Park SR, Lee SG, Seong YG, et al., Our science cultural properties (Korea Science and Technology Promotion Foundation, Seoul, 1994).