1 |
Buchert S, Zangerl F, Sust M, Andre M, Eriksson A, et al., SWARM observations of equatorial electron densities and topside GPS track losses, Geophys. Res. Lett. 42, 2088-2092 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063121
DOI
|
2 |
Cooke DL, Roth C, Luehr H, Jakowski N, In situ plasma observation at 400 km on the CHAMP satellite, EGS-AGUEUG Joint Assembly meeting, Nice, France, 6-11 Apr 2003.
|
3 |
Costa E, Roddy PA, Ballenthin JO, Statistical analysis of C/NOFS planar Langmuir probe data, Ann. Geophys. 32, 773-791 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-773-2014
DOI
|
4 |
Druyvesteyn MJ, Der Niedervolt Bogen, Z. Physik 64, 781-798 (1930).
|
5 |
Fukushima N, Some topics and historical episodes in geomagnetism and aeronomy, J. Geophys. Res. 99, 19113-19142 (1994). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94JA00102
DOI
|
6 |
Gleeson LJ, Axford WI, Electron and ion temperature variations in temperature zone sporadic-E layers, Planet. Space Sci. 15, 123-136 (1967). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-0633(67)90071-2
DOI
|
7 |
Gorse C, Capitelli M, Ricard A, On the coupling of electron and vibrational energy distributions in , , and CO post discharges, J. Chem. Phys. 82, 1900-1906 (1985). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.448374
DOI
|
8 |
Grard RJL, Properties of the satellite photoelectron sheath derived from photoemission laboratory measurements, J. Geophys. Res. 78, 2885- 2906 (1973). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JA078i016p02885
DOI
|
9 |
Hirao K, Oyama KI, An improved type of electron temperature probe, J. Geomagn. Geoelectr. 22, 393-402 (1970). http://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.22.393
DOI
|
10 |
Hirao K, Oyama KI, A critical study on the reliability of electron temperature measurements with a Langmuir probe, J. Geomagn. Geoelectr. 24, 415-427 (1972). http://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.24.415
DOI
|
11 |
Hirt M, Steigies CT, Piel A, Plasma diagnostics with Langmuir probes in the equatorial ionosphere: II. Evaluation of DEOS flight F06, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 34, 2650-2657 (2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/34/17/312
DOI
|
12 |
Holback B, Jacksen A, Ahlen L, Jansson S-E, Eriksson AI, et al., LINDA - the Astrid-2 Langmuir probe instrument, Ann. Geophys. 19, 601-610 (2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-19-601-2001
DOI
|
13 |
Huba JD, Joyce G, Krall J, Plasma bubbles in the post-sunset ionosphere, NRL Review, Space research and satellite technology, 224-225 (2011).
|
14 |
Jin H, Miyoshi Y, Pancheva D, Mukhatarov P, Fujiwara H, et al., Response of migrating tides to the stratospheric sudden warming in 2009 and their effects on the ionosphere studied by a whole atmosphere-ionosphere model GAIA with COSMIC and TIMED/SABER observations, J. Geophys. Res. 117, A10323 (2012), http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012JA017650
DOI
|
15 |
Johnson EO, Malter L, A floating double probe method for measurements in Gas discharges, Phys. Rev. 80, 58-68 (1950). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.80.58
DOI
|
16 |
Kakinami Y, Kamogawa M, Onishi T, Mochizuki K, Lebreton JP, et al., Validation of electron density and temperature observed by DEMETER, Adv. Space Res. 52, 1267-1273 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2013.07.003
DOI
|
17 |
Krehbiel JP, Brace LH, Theis RF, Cutler JR, Pinkus WH, et al., Pioneer Venus Orbiter Electron temperature probe, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. GE-18, 49-54. (1980). http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.1980.350260
DOI
|
18 |
Kurihara J, Oyama KI, Iwagami N, Takahashi T, Numerical simulation of 3-D flow around sounding rocket in the lower thermosphere, Ann. Geophys. 24, 89-95 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-89-2006
DOI
|
19 |
Krehbiel JP, Brace LH, Theis RF, Pinkus WH, Kaplan RB, The Dynamics Explorer Langmuir probe instrument, Space Sci. Instrum. 5, 493-502 (1981).
|
20 |
Kurihara J, Oyama KI, Rocket-borne instrument for measuring vibrational-rotational temperature and density in the lower thermosphere, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76, 083101 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1988189
DOI
|
21 |
Kutiev I, Oyama KI, Abe T, Analytical representation of the plasmasphere electron temperature distribution based on Akebono data, J. Geophys. Res. 107, 1459 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JA009494
DOI
|
22 |
Langmuir I, Mott-Smith H, Studies of electric discharges in gas at low pressures Part I-V, Gen. Electr. Rev. 27, 449-455, 538-548, 616-623, 762-771, 810-820 (1924).
|
23 |
Lebreton J-P, Stverak S, Travnicek P, Maksimovic M, Klinge D, et al., The ISL Langmuir probe experiment processing onboard DEMETER: Scientific objectives, description and first results, Planet. Space Sci. 54, 472-486 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2005.10.017
DOI
|
24 |
Luhr H, Park J, Ritter P, Liu H, In-situ CHAMP observations of the ionosphere-thermosphere coupling, Space Sci. Rev. 168, 237-260 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11214-011-9798-4
DOI
|
25 |
Oyama KI, A systematic investigation of several phenomena associated with contaminated Langmuir probes, Planet. Space Sci. 24, 183-190 (1976). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-0633(76)90104-5
DOI
|
26 |
Oyama KI, In situ measurements of Te in the lower ionosphere- A review, Adv. Space Res. 26, 1231-1240 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1177(99)01220-X
DOI
|
27 |
Oyama KI, Hirao K, Distortion of the energy distribution of ionospheric thermal electrons near the focus of Sq current vortex, Planet. Space Sci. 27, 183-192 (1979b). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-0633(79)90049-7
DOI
|
28 |
Oyama KI, Cheng CZ, An Introduction to Space Instrumentation, eds. Oyama, Cheng, (Terra Pub, Tokyo, 2013), 91-105.
|
29 |
Oyama KI, Hirao K, Application of grass-sealed Langmuir probe to ionosphere study, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 47, 101-107 (1976).
DOI
|
30 |
Oyama KI, Hirao K, Anomalous heating of the thermal electrons near the focus of the Sq current vortex, J. Geomagn. Geoelectr. 31, 11-19 (1979a). http://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.31.11
DOI
|
31 |
Oyama KI, Hirao K, Energy gain of supra-thermal electrons from the excited neutral gases, J. Geomagn. Geoelectr. 37, 913-926 (1985).
DOI
|
32 |
Oyama KI, Hirao K, Banks PM, Williamson PR, Is equal to at the height of 100 to 120 km?, Planet. Space Sci. 28, 207-211 (1980). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-0633(80)90013-6
DOI
|
33 |
Oyama KI, Schlegel K, Watanabe S, Temperature structure of plasma bubbles in the low latitude ionosphere around 600km altitude, Planet. Space Sci. 36, 553-567 (1988). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-0633(88)90025-6
DOI
|
34 |
Oyama KI, Suzuki K, Kawashima N, Zalpuri KS, Teii S, et al., An extreme ultraviolet radiation source for the simulation of the ionosphere, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 62, 1721-1726 (1991). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142412
DOI
|
35 |
Oyama KI, Watanabe S, Oya H, Energetics in the plasma bubble, Adv. Space Res. 13, 293-297 (1993). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(93)90025-7
DOI
|
36 |
Oyama KI, Kakinami Y, Liu JY, Kamogawa M, Kodama T, Reduction of electron temperature in low-latitude ionosphere at 600 km before and after large earthquakes, J. Geophys. Res. 113, A11317 (2008c). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013367
DOI
|
37 |
Oyama KI, Watanabe S, Su Y, Takahashi T, Hirao K, Season, local time, and longitude variations of electron temperature at the height of -600 km in the low latitude region, Adv. Space Res. 18, 269-278 (1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(95)00936-1
DOI
|
38 |
Oyama KI, Abe T, Mori H, Liu JY, Electron temperature in nighttime sporadic E layer at mid-latitude, Ann. Geophys. 26, 533-541 (2008a). http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-26-533-2008
DOI
|
39 |
Oyama KI, Hibino K, Abe T, Pfaff R, Yokoyama T, et al., Energetics and structure of the lower E region associated with sporadic E layer, Ann. Geophys. 26, 2929-2936 (2008b). http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-26-2929-2008
DOI
|
40 |
Oyama KI, Kakinami Y, Liu JY, Chen CY, Kodama T, Micro/mini satellites for earthquake studies - toward international collaboration, Adv. Geosci. 21, 251-256 (2010).
|
41 |
Oyama KI, Shimoyama M, Liu JY, Cheng CZ, Possible interaction between thermal electrons and vibrationally excited in the lower E-region, Ann. Geophys. 29, 583-590 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-583-2011
DOI
|
42 |
Oyama KI, Lee CH, Fang HK, Cheng CZ, Means to remove electrode contamination effect of Langmuir probe measurement in space, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 055113 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4722167
DOI
|
43 |
Oyama KI, Jhou JT, Lin JT, Lin C, Liu H, et al., Ionospheric response to 2009 sudden stratospheric Warming in the Northern Hemisphere, J. Geophys. Res. 119, 10260-10275 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JA020014
DOI
|
44 |
Pavlov AV, The role of vibrationally excited oxygen and nitrogen in the D and E regions of the ionosphere, Ann. Geophys. 12, 1085-1090 (1994). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-1085-1
DOI
|
45 |
Oyama KI, Hsu YW, Jiang GS, Chen WH, Fang HK, et al., Electron temperature and density probe for small aeronomy satellites, Rev. Sci. Instrum., submitted (2015).
|
46 |
Paniccia F, Gorse C, Bretagne J, Capitelli M, Electron energy distribution functions in molecular nitrogen: The role of superelastic electronic collisions in discharge and postdischarge conditions, J. Appl. Phys. 59, 4004-4006 (1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.337020
DOI
|
47 |
Park J, Min KW, Kim VP, Kil H, Su S-Y, et al., Equatorial plasma bubbles with enhanced ion and electron temperatures, J. Geophys. Res. 113, A09318 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013067
DOI
|
48 |
Piel A, Rohde V, Thiemann H, Oyama KI, Plasma drifts deduced from resonance cone asymmetries: II. Evaluation of COREX data, Adv. Space Res. 12, 263-266 (1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(92)90069-A
DOI
|
49 |
Reifman A, Dow WG, Dynamic probe measurements in the ionosphere, Phys. Rev. 76, 987-988 (1949). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.76.987
DOI
|
50 |
Rich FJ, Sagalyn RC, Wildman PJL, Electron temperature profiles measured up to 8000 km by S3-3 in the late afternoon sector, J. Geophys. Res. 84, 1328-1332 (1979). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JA084iA04p01328
DOI
|
51 |
Rohde V, Piel A, Thiemann H, Oyama KI, In situ diagnostics of ionospheric plasma with the resonance cone technique, J. Geophys. Res. 98, 19163-19172 (1993). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93JA01920
DOI
|
52 |
Schutz SR, Smith LG, Electron temperature measurements in mid-latitude sporadic E layers, J. Geophys. Res. 81, 3214-3220 (1976). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JA081i019p03214
DOI
|
53 |
Ryu K, Lee E, Chae JS, Parrot M, Pulinets S, Seismo-ionospheric coupling appearing as equatorial electron density enhancements observed via DEMETER electron density measurements, J. Geophys. Res. 119, 8524- 8542 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JA020284
DOI
|
54 |
Sampath S, Sastry TSG, Oyama KI, Hirao K, Joule heating due to the equatorial electrojet as observed by rocket borne probes, Space. Res. 14, 253-258 (1974).
|
55 |
Schunk RW, Nagy AF, Electron temperatures in the F region of the ionosphere: theory and observations, Rev. Geophys. 16, 355-399 (1978). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/RG016i003p00355
DOI
|
56 |
Seran E, Berthelier JJ, Saouri FZ, Lebreton J-P, The spherical segmented Langmuir probe in a flowing thermal plasma: numerical model of the current collection, Ann. Geophys. 23, 1723-1733 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-1723-2005
DOI
|
57 |
Sharma PK, Pathak PP, Sharma DK, Rai J, Variation of ionospheric electron and ion temperatures during periods of minimum to maximum solar activity by the SROSS-C2 satellite over Indian low and equatorial latitudes, Adv. Space. Res. 45, 294-302 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2009.08.001
DOI
|
58 |
Shimoyama M, Oyama KI, Abe T, Yau AW, Suprathermal plasma analyzer for the measurement of low-energy electron distribution in the ionosphere, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82, 074501 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3606450
DOI
|
59 |
Smith LG, Weeks LH, McKinnon PJ, Rocket observations of electron temperature in the E-region, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 30, 1301-1312 (1968). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9169(68)91141-0
DOI
|
60 |
Smith LG, Zimmerman RK, Hirao K, Oyama KI, Calderon C, Electron temperature in the equatorial E region measured by two rocket experiments and by incoherent scatter, Space Res. 18, 265-268 (1978).
|
61 |
Spencer NW, Brace LH, Carignan GR, Taeusch DR, Niemann H, Electron and molecular nitrogen temperature and density in the thermosphere, J. Geophys. Res. 70, 2665-2698 (1965). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JZ070i011p02665
DOI
|
62 |
Stamate E, Ohe K, Influence of surface condition in Langmuir probe measurements, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 20, 661-666 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.1460893
DOI
|
63 |
Steigies CT, Jr. Pfaff RF, Rowland DE, Proceedings of the 17th ESA symposium on European Rocket and Balloon Programmes and Related Research, Sandefjord, Norway, 30 May - 2 Jun 2005.
|
64 |
Sturges DJ, An evaluation of ionospheric probe performance- I. Evidence of contamination and clean-up of probe surfaces, Planet. Space. Sci. 21, 1029-1047 (1973). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-0633(73)90148-7
DOI
|
65 |
Su YZ, Oyama KI, Bailey GJ, Takahahsi T, Watanabe S, Comparison of the satellite electron density and temperature measurements at low latitudes with a plasmasphere-ionosphere model, J. Geophys. Res. 100, 14591-14604 (1995). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/95JA00682
DOI
|
66 |
Su YZ, Oyama KI, Bailey GJ, Fukao S, Takahashi T, et al., Longitudinal variations of the topside ionosphere at low latitudes: Satellite measurements and mathematical modelings, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 17191-17205 (1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96JA01315
DOI
|
67 |
Szuszczewicz EP, Holmes JC, Surface contamination of active electrodes in plasmas: Distortion of conventional Langmuir probe measurements, J. Appl. Phys. 46, 5134-5139 (1975). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.321572
DOI
|
68 |
Tarpley JD, Seasonal movement of the Sq current foci and related effects in the equatorial electrojet, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 35, 1063-1071 (1973). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9169(73)90005-6
DOI
|
69 |
Szuszczewicz EP, Holmes JC, Observations of electron temperature gradients in mid-latitude Es layers, J. Geophys. Res. 82, 5073-5080 (1977). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JA082i032p05073
DOI
|
70 |
Takeda M, Three dimensional ionospheric currents and field aligned currents generated by asymmetrical dynamo action in the ionosphere, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 44, 187-193 (1982). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9169(82)90122-2
DOI
|
71 |
Titheridge JE, Temperatures in the upper ionosphere and plasmasphere, J. Geophys. Res. 103, 2261-2278 (1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97JA03031
DOI
|
72 |
Truhlik V, Bilitza D, Triskova L, Latitudinal variation of the topside electron temperature at different levels of solar activity, Adv. Space Res. 44, 693-700 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2009.04.029
DOI
|
73 |
Truhlik V, Bilitza D, Triskova L, A new global empirical model of the electron temperature with the inclusion of the solar activity variations for IRI, Earth Planets Space 64, 531-543 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.5047/eps.2011.10.016
DOI
|
74 |
Van Berkel WPJ, Einflusz von anderungen des sondenzustandes auf sondencharakteristiken nach Langmuir, Physica 5, 230-240 (1938). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-8914(38)80080-X
DOI
|
75 |
Watanabe S, Oyama KI, Effects of neutral wind on the electron temperature at a height of 600 km in the low latitude region, Ann. Geophys. 14, 290-296 (1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-0290-5
DOI
|
76 |
Yoshimura R, Imamura T, Abe T, Measurement of in the layer using the DC probe onboard the rocket S-310-27, In Japanese, Uchu-kagaku-kenkyusho-houkoku, ISAS International report, No. 106, 1-33 (1999).
|
77 |
Wehner G, Medicus G, Reliability of probe measurements in hot cathode gas diodes, J. Appl. Phys. 23, 1035-1046 (1952). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1702342
DOI
|
78 |
Winkler C, Strele D, Tscholl S, Schrittwieser R, On the contamination of Langmuir probe surfaces in a potassium plasma, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion, 42, 217-223 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/42/2/311
DOI
|
79 |
Yamamoto M, Fukao S, Tsunoda RT, Pfaff R, Hayakawa H, SEEK-2 (Sporadic-E experiment over Kyushu 2) - Project outline and significance, Ann. Geophys. 23, 2295-2305 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-2295-2005
DOI
|
80 |
Abe T, Oyama KI, Amemiya H, Watanabe S, Okuzawa T, et al., Measurements of temperature and velocity distribution of thermal electrons by the Akebono (EXOS-D) satellite, J. Geomag. Geolectr. 42, 537-554 (1990). http://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.42.537
DOI
|
81 |
Amatucci WE, Schuck PW, Walker DN, Kintner PM, Powell S, et al., Contamination-free sounding rocket Langmuir probe, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 2052-2057 (2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1357234
DOI
|
82 |
Andreyeva LA, Burakov YB, Katasev LA, Komrakov GP, Nesterov VP, et al., Rocket investigations of the ionosphere at mid-latitudes, Space Res. 11, 1043-1050 (1971).
|
83 |
Ashihara O, Takayanagi K, Velocity distribution of ionospheric low-energy electrons, Planet. Space Sci. 22, 1201-1217 (1974). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-0633(74)90005-1
DOI
|
84 |
Aubry M, Blanc M, Clauvel R, Taieb C, Bowen PJ, et al., Some rocket results on sporadic E, Radio Sci. 1, 170-177 (1966).
DOI
|
85 |
Balan N, Oyama KI, Bailey GJ, Abe T, Plasmasphere electron temperature studies using satellite observations and a theoretical model, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 15323-15330 (1996a). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96JA00823
DOI
|
86 |
Boggess RL, Brace LH, Spencer NW, Langmuir probe measurements in the ionosphere, J. Geophys. Res. 64, 1627-1630 (1959). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JZ064i010p01627
DOI
|
87 |
Balan N, Oyama KI, Bailey GJ, Abe T, Plasmasphere electron temperature profiles and the effects of photoelectron trapping and an equatorial high-altitude heat source, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 21689-21696 (1996b). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96JA01798
DOI
|
88 |
Balan N, Oyama KI, Bailey GJ, Fukao S, Watanabe S, et al., A plasma temperature anomaly in the equatorial ionosphere, J. Geophys. Res. 102, 7485-7492 (1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97JA00039
DOI
|
89 |
Barjatya A, Langmuir probe measurements in the ionosphere, PhD Dissertation, Utah State University (2007).
|
90 |
Boyd RLF, Twiddy ND, Electron energy distribution in plasmas. I, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 250, 53-69 (1959). http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1959.0050
DOI
|
91 |
Brace LH, Langmuir probe measurements in the ionosphere, in Measurement Techniques in Space Plasmas: Particles, Geophysical Monograph vol. 102, American Geophysical Union, eds. Pfaff RF, Borovsky JE, Young DT (AGU, Washington, D.C., 1998), 23-35.
|
92 |
Brace LH, Theis RF, Dalgarno A, The cylindrical electrostatic probes for Atmosphere Explorer -C, -D, and -E, Radio Sci. 8, 341-348 (1973). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/RS008i004p00341
DOI
|
93 |
Buchert SC, Eriksson A, Gill R, Nilsson T, Ahlen L, et al., First electron density and temperature estimates from the Swarm Langmuir probes and a comparison with IS measurements, in 2014 EGU General Assembly meeting, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr-02 May 2014.
|