Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2021.12.9.057

Convergence Study on the Three-dimensional Educational Model of the Functional Anatomy of Facial Muscles Based on Cadaveric Data  

Lee, Jae-Gi (Department of Dental Hygiene, Namseoul University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Convergence Society / v.12, no.9, 2021 , pp. 57-63 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study dissected and three-dimensionally (3D) scanned the facial muscles of Korean adult cadavers, created a three-dimensional model with realistic facial muscle shapes, and reproduced facial expressions to provide educational materials to allow the 3D observation of the complex movements of cadaver facial muscles. Using the cadavers' anatomical photo data, 3D modeling of facial muscles was performed. We produced models describing four different expressions, namely sad, happy, surprised, and angry. We confirmed the complex action of the 3D cadaver facial muscles when making various facial expressions. Although the results of this study cannot confirm the individual functions of facial muscles quantitatively, we were able to observe the realistic shape of the cadavers' facial muscles, and produce models that would show different expressions depending on the actions performed. The data from this study may be used as educational materials when studying the anatomy of facial muscles.
Keywords
Facial muscles; Facial expression; Functional anatomy; Cadaveric data; Three dimensional education contents; Convergence study;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 M. Eskes, M. J. van Alphen, A. J. Balm, L. E. Smeele, D. Brandsma & F. van der Heijden. (2017). Predicting 3D lip shapes using facial surface EMG. Public Library of Science one, 12(4), e0175025. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175025   DOI
2 J. G. Lee et al. (2015). Quantitative Anatomical Analysis of Facial Expression Using a 3D Motion Capture System: Application to Cosmetic Surgery and Facial Recognition. Clinical Anatomy, 28(6), 735-744. DOI : 10.1002/ca.22542   DOI
3 Y. B. Huh et al. (2020). Human anaotmy. Seoul : Medical education Publishing.
4 H. Bello, B. Zhou & P. Lukowicz. (2020). Facial muscle activity recognition with reconfigurable differential stethoscope-microphones. Sensors, 20(17), 4904. DOI : 10.3390/s20174904   DOI
5 M. de Maio. (2018). Myomodulation with injectable fillers: An innovative approach to addressing facial muscle movement. Aesthetic plastic surgery, 42(3), 798-814. DOI : 10.1007/s00266-018-1116-z   DOI
6 J. W. An. (2019). Technology acceptance and influencing factor of anatomy learning using augmented reality: Usability based on the technology acceptance model. Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, 10(12), 487-494. DOI : 10.15207/JKCS.2019.10.12.487   DOI
7 J. Gousheh & E. Arasteh. (2011). Treatment of facia paralysis: dynamic reanimation of spontaneous facial expression-apropos of 655 patients. Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 128(6), 693e-703e. DOI : 10.1097/PRS.0b013e318230c58f   DOI
8 J. Y. Jung, S. J. Seo, Y. J. Han & H. S Jung. (2020). A study on language anxiety and learning achievement through immersive virtual reality english conversation learning program. Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, 11(1), 119-130. DOI : 10.15207/JKCS.2020.11.1.119   DOI
9 K. S. Lee, W. B. Lim & Y. L. Moon. (2018). AR monitoring technology for medical convergence. Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, 9(2), 119-124. DOI : 10.15207/JKCS.2018.9.2.119   DOI
10 E. Kuramoto, S. Yoshinaga, H. Nakao, S. Nemoto & Y. Ishida. (2019). Characteristics of facial muscle activity during voluntary facial expressions: Imaging analysis of facial expressions based on myogenic potential data. Neuropsychopharmacology Reports, 39(3), 183-193. DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12059   DOI
11 M. C. Uchida et al. (2018). Identification of muscle fatigue by tracking facial expressions. Public Library of Science one, 13(12), e0208834. DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0208834   DOI
12 H. K. Ahn et al. (2013). Human anatomy 4th ed. Seoul : Komoonsa Publishing.
13 M. A. Choi et al. (2017). Essentials of anatomy and physiology. Seoul : Elsevier Korea LLC.
14 C. B. Pamela et al. (2005). Oxford Textbook of functional anatomy 2nd ed. New York : Oxford University Press.
15 K. L. Schmidt & J. F. Cohn. (2001). Human facial expressions as adaptations: Evolutionary questions in facial expression research. American journal of physical anthropology, 33, 3-24. DOI : 10.1002/ajpa.2001   DOI
16 M. Polo. (2008). Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) for the neuromuscular correction of excessive gingival display on smiling (gummy smile). American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedic, 133(2), 195-203. DOI : 10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.04.033.   DOI
17 B. Bentsianov & A. Blitzer. (2004). Facial anatomy. Clinics in dermatology, 22(1), 3-13. DOI : 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2003.11.011   DOI
18 T. Kanade, J. F. Cohn & Y. L. Tian. (2000, March). Comprehensive database for facial expression analysis. Proceedings Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (Cat. No. PR00580) (pp. 46-53). France : Institute of Electrical and Electronics engineers. DOI: 10.1109/AFGR.2000.840611
19 M. A. Shiffman. (2012). Muscles used in facial expression. Advanced surgical facial rejuvenation. Berlin : Springer. DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-17838-2_4
20 T. Marur, Y. Tuna & S. Demirci. (2014). Facial anatomy. Clinics in dermatology, 32(1), 14-23. DOI : 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.05.022   DOI
21 M. S. Nestor, D. Fischer & D. Arnold. (2020). "Masking" our emotions: Botulinum toxin, facial expression, and well-being in the age of COVID-19. Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 19(9), 2154-2160. DOI : 10.1111/jocd.13569.   DOI
22 N. V. Alfen, H. J. Gilhuis, J. P. Keijzers, S. Pillen & J. P. Van Dijk. (2013). Quantitative facial muscle ultrasound: Feasibility and reproducibility. Muscle and nerve, 48(3), 375-380. DOI : 10.1002/mus.23769   DOI
23 B. M. Logan, P. A. Reynolds & R. T. Hutchings. (2004). McMinn's color atlas of head and neck anatomy 3rd ed. Philadelphia : Elsevier.
24 I. H. Chung, C. S. Oh, S. H. Han & H. J. Kim. (2011). Human anatomy 5th ed. Seoul : Hyunmoon.
25 Y. J. Hong, S. E. Choi, G. P. Nam, H. Choi, J. Cho & I. J. Kim. (2020). Adaptive 3D model-based facial expression synthesis and pose frontalization. Sensors, 20(9), 2578. DOI : 10.3390/s20092578   DOI
26 J. S. Kang et al. (2017). Topographic anatomy 3rd ed. Seoul : Korea medical book publishing company.
27 S. standring. (2016). Gray's anatomy: The anatomical basis of clinical practice 41st ed. London : Elsveier.
28 M. Schuenke, E. Schulte & U. Schumacher. (2016). Thieme atlas of anatomy 2nd ed. New York : Thieme
29 R. L. Drake, A. W. Vogl & A. W. M. Mitchell. (2012). Gray's basic anatomy. Philadlephia : Elsevier