Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2016.7.2.043

A Effect of the Squat Convergence Exercise Among Knee Joint Angle on Quadricpes Strength in the Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome  

Cho, Sang-Hee (Stroke Clinic, Hyojung Rehabilitation Hospital)
Lee, Su-Young (Dept. of Physical Therapy, Division of Health Science, Baekseok University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Convergence Society / v.7, no.2, 2016 , pp. 43-52 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to suggest the effective squat exercise position to strengthening vastus medialis oblique, and vastus lateralis in quadriceps. Subjects were twenty patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) volunteered to participate in this study. All subjects were applied to static squat convergence exercise with knee flexed $45^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, and $90^{\circ}$ for 30 seconds total 5 times. Measurement variables were maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the quadriceps, Q angle and length of thigh. Those were measured before and after the squat exercise on knee joint angle, change rate of which were used for statistical analysis. As a result, squat exercise with knee flexed $90^{\circ}$ increase significantly among knee joint angle in the MVIC change rates of quadriceps (p<.05), however the rates of Q-angle and length change of thigh showed no significant difference. Therefore, this findings suggest that squat exercise with knee flexed $90^{\circ}$ strengthen quadriceps effectively in patients with PFPS.
Keywords
Vastus lateralis; Knee joint angle; Patellofemoral pain syndrome; Squat convergence exercise; Vastus medialis oblique; Maximal voluntary isometric contraction(MVIC);
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 D. A. Neumann, Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundation for Rehabilitation. 2nd ed, London: Mosby, 2010.
2 R. V. Linschoten, M. V. Middelkoop, M. Y. Berger, E. M. Heintjes, J. A. N. Verhaar, S. P. Willemsen, B. W. Koes, S. M. Bierma-Zeinstra, "Supervised Exercise Therapy Versus Usual Care for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A open label randomized controll trial", BMJ, Vol. 339, pp. b4074, 2009.   DOI
3 J. E. Earl, R. J. Schmitz, B. L. Arnold, "Activation of the VMO and VL During Dynamic Mini-Squat Exercise With and Without Isometric Hip Adduction", J Electromyogr Kinesiol, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 381-386, 2001.   DOI
4 S. Doucette., E. Goble, E. "The Effect of Exercise on Patellar Tracking in Lateral Patellar Compression Syndrome", Am J Sports Med, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 434-440, 1992   DOI
5 M. Whittingham, S. Palmer, F. Macmillan, "Effects of Taping on Pain and Function in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A randomized controlled trail", J Ortho Sports Phys Ther, Vol. 34, No. 9, pp. 504-510, 2004.   DOI
6 B. C. Heiderscheit, J. Hamill, R. E. van Emmerik, "Q-Angle Influences on the Variability of Lower Extremity Coordination During Running", Med Sci Sports Exerc, Vol. 31, No. 9, pp. 1313-1319, 1999.   DOI
7 R. Nagamine, T. Otani, S. E. White, D. S. McCarthy, L. A. Whiteside, "Patellar Tracking Measurement in the Normal Knee", J Orthop Res, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 115-122, 1995.   DOI
8 J. P. Boucher, M. A. King, R. Lefebvre, A. Pepin, "Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Activity in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome", Am J Sports Med, Vol. 20, No. 5, pp. 527-532, 1992.   DOI
9 L. Reynolds, T. A. Levin, J. M. Medeiros, N. S. Adler, A. Hallum, "EMG Activity of the Vastus Medialis Oblique and the Vasts Lateralis in Their Role in Patellar Alignment", Am J Phys Med, Vol. 62, No. 2, pp. 61-70, 1983.
10 D. R. Souza, M. T. Gross, "Comparison of Vastus Medialis Obliquus: Vastus Lateralis Muscle Integrated Electromyographic Ratios Between Healthy Subjects and Patients With Patellofemoral Pain", Phys Ther, Vol. 71, No. 4, pp. 317-320, 1991.   DOI
11 M. E. Brunet, G. W. Stewart, "Patellofemoral Rehabilitation", Clin Sports Med, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 319-329, 1989.
12 L. A. Steinkamp, M. F. Dillingham, M. D. Markel,, J. A. Hill, K. R. Kaufman, "Biomechanical Considerations in Patellofemoral Joint Rehabilitation", Am J Sports Med, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 438-444, 1993.   DOI
13 K. E. Wilk, R. F. Escamilla, G. S. Fleisig, S. W. Barrentine, J. R. Andrews, M. L. Boyd, "A Comparison of Tibiofemoral Joint Forces and Electromyographic Activity During Open and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises", Am J Sports Med, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 518-527, 1996.   DOI
14 J. Iwasa, M. Och, N. Adachi, M. Tobita, K. Katsube, Y. Uchio, "Proprioceptive Improvement in Knees With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction", Clin Orthop Relat Res, No. 381, pp. 168-176, 2000.
15 M. P. de Looze, H. M. Toussaint, J. H. van Dieen, H. C. Kemper, "Joint Moments and Muscle Activity in the Lower Extremities and Lower Back in Lifting and Lowering Tasks", J Biomech, Vol. 26, No. 9, pp. 1067-1076, 1993.   DOI
16 G. J. Salem, C. M. Powers, "Paatellofemoral Joint Kinetics During Suqatting in Collegiate Women Athletes", Clin Biomech, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 424-430, 2001.   DOI
17 R. A. Palmitier, K. N. An, S. G. Scott, E. Y. Chao, "Kinetic Chain Exercise in Knee Rehabilitation", Sports Med, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 402-413, 1991.   DOI
18 R. F. Escamilla, N. Zheng, T. D. Macleod, W. B. Edwards, R. Imamura, A. Hreljac, G. S. Fleisig, K. E. Wilk, C. T. Moorman, J. R. Andrews, "Patellofemoral Joint Force and Stress During the Wall Squat and One-leg Squat", Med Sci Sports Exerc, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 878-888, 2009.
19 J. W. Kim, S. H. Yoo, W. S. Chang, K. S. Sung, H. J. Nam, H. H. Choi. "Dynamic Electromyography Analysis and Comparison of the Knee Isometric Exercise According to Angles", The Korean Journal of Walking Science, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp 99-112, 2005.
20 S. F. Tang, C. K. Chen, R. Hsu, S. W. Chou, W. H. Hong, H. L. Lew,. "Vastus Medialis Obliquus and Vastus Lateralis Activity in Open and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises in Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: An Electromyographic Study", Arch Phys Med Rehail, Vol. 82, No. 10, pp. 1441-1445, 2001.   DOI
21 S. Y. Jang, S. Y. Lee. "A Comparison of Vital Capacity Values and Respiratory Muscles Activities on Pelvic Tilt Position", Phys Ther Rehail Sci, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 108-114, 2015.
22 H. J. Hislop, D. Avers, M. Brown, "Daniels and Worthingham's Muscle Testing", 9th ed, St. Louis: SAUNDERS, 2014.
23 Sang-Yong Park, Jae-Hun Shim, "Effect of 8 Weeks of Schroth Exercise (Three-dimensional Convergence Exercise) on Pulmonary Function, Cobb's Angle, and Erector Spinae Muscle Activity in Idiopathic Scoliosis", Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 61-68, 2014.   DOI
24 W. G. Yoo, C. H. Yi, H. J. Lee. "Effects of a Combined Posture of the Lower Extremity on Activity of the Vastus Medialis Oblique Muscle and Vastus Lateralis Muscle During Static Squat Exercise", Physical Therapy Korea, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 1-9, 2004.
25 S. Y. Lee, J. Y. Kim, "The Comparison of Low Intensity Eccentric Exercise and Dynamic Stretching on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, Vol. 13, No. 10, pp. 4676-4685, 2012.   DOI
26 N. W. Park, W. H. Lee. "A Study of the Effects of a Quadricpes Strengthening on the Q-Angle and Patellofemoral Joint Functional Level Among Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Patients", Journal of KSSPT, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 87-100, 2005.
27 H. M. Jin, H. Jung. "A Study on the Effects of Initial Rehabilitation Exercise Program on Knee Joint's Myofunction After the Reconstruction of Anterior Cruciate Ligament", Journal of Korean Physical Education Association for Girls and Women, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 55-66, 2006.
28 L. A. Bolgla, M. C. Boling, "An Update for the Conversative of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A systemic review of the literature from 2000 to 2010", Phys Ther, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 112-125, 2011.
29 R. S. Francis, D. E. Scott, "Hypotrophy of the Vastus Medialis in Knee Extension", Phys Ther, Vol. 54, No. 10, pp. 1066-1070, 1974.   DOI
30 H. G. Speakman, J. Weisburg, "The Vastus Medialis Controversy", Physiothraphy, Vol. 63, No. 8, pp. 249-254, 1977.
31 M. Cesarelli, P. Bifulco, M. Baracale, "Study of Control Strategy of the Quadriceps Muscles in Anterior Knee Pain", IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 330-341, 2000.   DOI
32 R. P. Grelsamer, J. R. Klein, "The Biomechanics of the Patellofemoral Joint", J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Vol. 28, No. 5, pp. 286-298, 1998.   DOI
33 E. Witvrouw, S. Werner, C. Mikkelsen, D. van Tiggelen, L. Vanden Berghe, G. Cerulli, "Clinical Classification of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Guidelines for Non-Operative Treatment", Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 122-130, 2005.   DOI
34 S. Y. Park, J. W. Kim, H. S. Nho. "Vastus Medialis Oblique and Vastus Lateralis Electromyographic Activities During Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises in Male Athletes With and Without Patllofemoral Pain Syndrome", The Korea Journal of Sports Science, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 487-495, 2008.
35 S. W. Han. "A SEMG Analysis of Knee Joint Angle During Close Kinetic Chain Exercise and Open Kinetic Chain Exercises in Quadriceps Muscle", The Journal of Korean Society of Physical Therapy, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 261-268, 2006.
36 J. F. Signorile, D. Kacsik, A. Perry, B. Robertson, R. Williams, L. Lowensteyn, S. Digel, J. Caruso, W. G. LeBlanc, "The Effect of Knee and Foot Position on the Electromyographical Activity of the Superficial Quadriceps", J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 2-9, 1995.   DOI
37 Sung-Ok Hong, Young-Teak Kim, Youn-Hee Choi, Jong-Ho Park, Sung-Hong Kang, "Development of severity-adjusted length of stay in knee replacement surgery", Journal of digital Convergence , Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 215-225, 2015.
38 Oh-Jeoung Kwon, "Correlation Between Cross-Sectional Areas of Intrinsic Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome in Young Adult and Lower Extremity Biomechanics" M.S. Dissertation, Sahmyook University, 2008.
39 Gi-Chul Kim, "The Effect of Visual Feedback Squat on Lower Extremity Alignment and Muscular Function of Young Adults with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome", Ph.D. dissertation, Daegu University, 2013.
40 V. Raveendranath, S. Nachiket, N. Sujatha, R. Priya, D. Rema, "The Quadriceps Angle (Q angle) in Indian men and women", Eur J Anat, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 105-109, 2009.
41 C. M. N. Cabral, A. M. De Oliveira Melim, I. De Camargo Nerves Sacco, A. P. Marques, "Physical Therapy in Patellofemoral Syndorme Patients: Comparison of open and closed kinetic chain exercises", ACTA ORTOP BRAS, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 180-185, 2008.   DOI
42 S. R. Christian, B. Anderson, R. Workman, W. F. Conway, T. L. Pope, "Imaging of Anterior Knee Pain", Clin Sports Med, Vol. 25, pp. 681-702, 2006.   DOI