Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14479/jkoos.2013.18.3.341

An Evaluation of Habitual Head Posture in Phoria  

Ha, Eun-Mi (Dept. of Optometry and Vision Science, Kyungwoon University)
Son, Jeong-Sik (Dept. of Optometry and Vision Science, Kyungwoon University)
Yu, Dong-Sik (Dept. of Optometry and Vision Science, Kyungwoon University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society / v.18, no.3, 2013 , pp. 341-346 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a relationship exists between head posture and phoria, and usefulness in examining habitual head posture. Methods: Twenty two subjects (20 males and 2 females, mean age $23.6{\pm}2.7$ years) with abnormal phoria from participants randomized were enrolled in this study. For all subjects, testing included case history, cover test, refraction, phoria and vergence test. Habitual head posture (head posture, head tilt and face turn) was measured by Impression IST, and observed by examiners. Results: The abnormal head posture was revealed in some subjects with abnormal phoria. Spearman' correlation ($\rho$=0.524, p=0.045) showed significant correction between face turn and phoria at distance in 15 subjects with prism prescription. No significant relationship between head posture and phoria was found in subjects with abnormal phoria. The objective measurement and subjective observation of head posture showed insignificant correction but there was a distinct difference. The former was detail and the latter was discriminate. Conclusions: Presence of abnormal head posture was found in phoric subjects. The results indicate the need to observe habitual head posture at all major positions of gaze in phoria.
Keywords
Phoria; Habitual head posture; Head tilt; Face turn; Abnormal head posture;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Eperjesi F, Bartlett H, Dunne M. Ophthalmic clinical procedures, 1st Ed. Edinburgh: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007; 3-9, 28-30.
2 Coffey B, Reichow AW, Colburn PB, Clark, DL. Influence of ocular gaze and head position on 4 m heterophoria and fixation disparity. Optom Vis Sci. 1991;68(11): 893-898.   DOI
3 Ha EM, Son JS, Moon BY, Yu DS. Head posture-induced phoria deviation. J Korean Oph Opt Soc. 2010;15(2):155- 160.
4 Maxwell JS, Schor CM. Head-position-dependent adaptation of nonconcomitant vertical skew. Vision Res. 1997; 37(4):441-446.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Rowe F. Clinical orthoptics, 2nd Ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2004;115, 180-184.
6 Benjamin W. Borish's clinical refraction, 2nd Ed. St. Louis: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2006;1141-1142.
7 Morgan MW. The analysis of clinical data. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom. 1944;21(12):477-491.   DOI
8 Joo SH, Park SJ, Sim HS. Graphic method of visual analysis and norms determination for the far distance phoria. J Korean Oph Opt Soc. 2006;11(3):193-200.
9 Elliott DW. Clinical procedures in primary eye care. 3rd Ed. Edinburgh: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2008;171, 176-178.
10 Scheiman M, Wick B. Clinical management of binocular vision, 2nd Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002;405.
11 Evans B, Doshi S. Binocular vision and orthoptics: investigation and management. 1st Ed. Oxford: Butterworth- Heinemann, 2001;1-12.
12 Evans B. The investigation and management of heterophoria: binocular vision part3. Optometry today. 2010;40- 48.
13 Yu DS, Cho HG, Moon BY. A case of prismatic correction for cyclovertical heterophoria. J Korean Oph Opt Soc. 2008;13(2):37-41.
14 Rosenbloom AA. Rosenbloom & Morgan's vision and aging, 1st Ed. St. Louis: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2006; 246-248.
15 Morris B, Smith V, Elphick J, Laws DE. Compensatory head posture and neck problems: is there an association? A cohort study of nystagmus patients. Eye. 2009;23(2): 279-283.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 von Noorden GK, Campos EC. Paralytic strabismus. In: Binocular vision and ocular motility, 6th Ed. St Louis: Mosby, 2002;414-457.
17 Rubin SE, Wagner RS. Ocular torticollis. Surv Ophthalmol. 1986;30(6):366-376.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Mitchell PR. Ocular torticollis. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1999;97:697-769.
19 von Noorden GK, Campos EC. Examination of the patient-II. In: Binocular vision and ocular motility, 6th Ed. St Louis: Mosby, 2002;168-174.
20 Evans BJW. Pickwell's binocular vision anomalies, 4th Ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002;1-5.