Browse > Article

Changes of Contrast Sensitivity with Decreasing Luminance in Photopic Conditions  

Lee, Eun Jin (Dept. of Optometry, Konyang University)
Yoon, Moon Joo (Dept. of Optometry, Konyang University)
Kim, Soo-Hyun (Dept. of Optometry, Konyang University)
Yang, Gye Tak (Dept. of Information Security, Konyang University)
Jeong, Ju-Hyun (Dept. of Optometry, Konyang University)
Kim, Hyun Jung (Dept. of Optometry, Konyang University)
Kim, Hyun Il (Dept. of Optometry, Konyang University)
Choi, Eun Jung (Dept. of Optometry, Konyang University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society / v.17, no.4, 2012 , pp. 411-417 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate changes of contrast sensitivity with decreasing luminance in photopic conditions. Methods: Contrast sensitivities for 63 university students were investigated at 5 different luminance levels using FACT chart. Results: All contrast sensitivities measured were in the normal range. The peak of contrast sensitivity function was observed to move from 6 to 3 cpd between 40 and $10cd/m^2$. From an intersection point of two hypothetical lines related with contrast sensitivity for 6 and 3 cpd, we could evaluated that the peak moved from 6 to 3 cpd at about $25cd/m^2$. When luminance decreases from 120 to $10cd/m^2$, contrast sensitivity loss at 6 cpd was most, while contrast sensitivity at 1.5 cpd changed little. We could evaluate that at luminance of more than $25cd/m^2$ evaluated approximately, contrast sensitivity was high in the following order of spatial frequency: 18< 12<1.5<3<6 cpd, while at luminance of less than about $25cd/m^2$ as follows: 18<12<1.5<6<3 cpd. Contrast sensitivity losses with decreasing luminance were also evaluated using the decrements and decrement rates of contrast sensitivity. The decrement of contrast sensitivity was the greatest at 6 cpd, while the decrement rate was the greatest at 8 cpd. Conclusions: We propose that evaluation methods used in this research may be available as another methods to evaluate the changes of contrast sensitivity.
Keywords
Luminance; Contrast sensitivity; Peak; Spatial frequency;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Moon CH. Enhancement of the bright room contrast ratio in a plasma display panel. J Korean Vacuum Soc. 2010;19(1):28-35.   DOI
2 Kim ES. Brightness Function for visual contrast and gamma of display. J Korean Soc Color Studies. 2009; 23(1):59-67.
3 Cho KM, Kim JH, Namgoong JN, Kim HS. Image quality evaluation of CRT displays using SQRI method. Hankook Kwanghak Hoeji. 2000;11(2):85-90.
4 Lee KH, Optimization of design and manufacture of screen to improve brightness and contrast for CRT. Master Thesis. Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 2003; 25-6.
5 Ginsburg AP. A new contrast sensitivity vision test chart. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1984;61(6):403-407.   DOI
6 Scharre JE, Cotter SA, Block SS, Kelly SA. Normative contrast sensitivity data for young children. Optom Vis Sci. 1990;67(11):826-832.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Oen FT, Lim TH, Chung MP. Contrast sensitivity in a large adult population. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1994; 23(3):322-326.
8 You YC, Choi TH, Lee HB. Normal contrast sensitivity for various ages. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc. 2003;44(1): 150-156.
9 Brown B, Garner LF. Effects of luminance on contrast sensitivity in senile macular degeneration, Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1983;60(9):788-793.   DOI
10 Functional Acuity Contrast Test: Instruction Manual. Stereo Optical Company, INC. Chicago, 2006:16.
11 Bracewell R. The Fourier transform and its applications, 1st Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965;35-66.
12 Field DJ. Relations between the statistics of natural images and the response properties of cortical cells. J Opt Sot of Am A. 1987;4(12):2379-2394.   DOI
13 Vries HL. The quantum character of light and its bearing upon threshold of vision, the differential sensitivity and visual acuity of the eye. Physica. 1943;10(7):553-564.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Bracewell R. The Fourier transform and its applications, 1st Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965;168-173.
15 Owsley C. Contrast sensitivity. Ophthalmol Clin N Am. 2003;16(2):171-177.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Arden GB. The importance of measuring contrast sensitivity in cases of visual disturbance. British J Ophthalmology. 1978;62(4):198-209.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Moon P, Spencer DE. On the Stiles-Crawford effect. J Opt Soc Am. 1944;34(6):319-329.   DOI
18 Jacobs, DH. The Stiles-Crawford effect and the design of telescopes. J Opt Soc Am. 1944;34(11):694-694.   DOI
19 Kim YG. A Model of Pupil's Change with Luminance. J Korean Oph Opt Soc. 1996;1(2):7-11.
20 Rabin J. Luminance effects on visual acuity and small letter contrast sensitivity. Optom Vis Sci. 1994;71(11):685- 688.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Losada MA, Navarro R, Santamara J. Relative contributions of optical and neural limitations to human contrast sensitivity at different luminance levels. Vis Res. 1993;33(16):2321-2336.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Richards OW. Effects of luminance and contrast on visual acuity, ages 16 to 90 years. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1977;54(3):178-184.   DOI
23 Tobimatsu S, Akazawa K, Kurita-Tashima S, Nakayama- Hiromatsu M, Kato M. Age-related changes in pattern visual evoked potentials: differential effects of luminance, contrast and check size. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1993;88(1):12-19.   DOI   ScienceOn