Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2018.37.3.347

Estimation of Social Intelligence Levels Model using Autonomic and Central Nervous System Mutual Synchronization  

Park, Seongeon (Sangmyung University, Department of Emotion Engineering)
Lee, Jung-Nyun (Sangmyung University, Department of Emotion Engineering)
Park, Min-Ji (Sangmyung University, Department of Emotion Engineering)
Whang, Mincheol (Sangmyung University, Department of Intelligent Engineering Informatics for Human)
Publication Information
Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea / v.37, no.3, 2018 , pp. 347-360 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: This study was to determine the levels of social intelligence based on physiological responses in emotional contagion. Background: The social intelligence is an important factor in the understanding of others such as the emotional state, intention, and ideas in the interpersonal relationship. The methods for evaluating social intelligence in previous researches have been shown the limitations of the objectivity and quantification because of the subjective assessment. Method: The participants watched avatars that expressing target emotion through facial expression and gesture. At the same time autonomic nervous system response and central nervous system response were measured. Results: The EEG level was significantly discriminated in positive, negative, empathy, non-empathy, intimacy and non-intimacy emotional contagion situations, and the ECG signals showed significant difference in negative emotion and non-empathy emotional contagion situations. In the case of GSR, there was a difference according to the level of social intelligence only in the non-intimacy emotional contagion state. Conclusion: It was confirmed that the physiological responses of the three groups with different levels of social intelligence are significantly different according to the emotional expression of the avatar. As a result, an objective and immediate social intelligence reasoning model was developed. Application: This study suggests the possibility of quantitative discrimination in social intelligence evaluation and suggests the importance of development of social intelligence evaluation tool.
Keywords
Social intelligence; Emotion contagion; EEG; ECG; GSR;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Atkinson, A.P., Dittrich, W.H, Gemmell, A.J. and Young, A.W., "Emotion Perception from Dynamic and Static Body Expressions in Point-Light and Full-Light Displays". Perception, 33(6), 717-746, 2004.   DOI
2 Barnes, M.L. and Sternberg, R.J., "Social Intelligence and Decoding of Nonverbal Cues". Intelligence, 13(3), 263-287, 1989.   DOI
3 Borg, J., Body Language: 7 Easy Lessons to Master the Silent Language. FT press, 2009.
4 Bernhardt, B.C., Klimecki, O.M., Leiberg, S. and Singer, T., "Structural covariance networks of the dorsal anterior insula predict females' individual differences in empathic responding". Cerebral Cortex, 24(8), 2189-2198, 2013.   DOI
5 Christakis, N.A. and Fowler, J.H., Connected: The Surprising Power of our Social Networks and how they Shape our Lives. Little, Brown, 2009.
6 Collett, P., The Book of Tells: How to Read People's Minds from their Actions. Random House, 2004.
7 Crowne, K.A., "Cultural exposure, emotional intelligence, and cultural intelligence an exploratory study". International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 13(1), 5-22, 2013.   DOI
8 Ekman, P. and Friesen, W.V., Manual for the Facial Action Coding System, Consulting Psychologists Press, 1978.
9 Ford, M.E. and Tisak, M., "A further search for social intelligence". Journal of Educational Psychology, 75, 196-206, 1983.   DOI
10 Gardner, H., Frame of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligence, New York: Bascial Books, 1983.
11 Goleman, D., Emotional intelligence, Bantam, 2006.
12 Goleman, D. and Boyatzis, R., "Social intelligence and the biology of leadership". Harvard Business Review, 86(9), 74-81, 2008.
13 Kelly, K.R. and Moon, S.M., "Personal and Social Talents". Phi Delta Kappan, 79(10), 743-746, 1998.
14 Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J.T. and Rapson, R.L., "Emotional Contagion". Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2(3), 96-100, 1993.   DOI
15 Iacoboni, M., Mirroring People: The New Science of how we Connect with Others. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2009.
16 Jabbi, M., Bastiaansen, J. and Keysers, C., "A common anterior insula representation of disgust observation, experience and imagination shows divergent functional connectivity pathways", PLoS One, 3(8), e2939, 2008.   DOI
17 Kim, H.K., "Interactional Functions of Nodding in Conversation". The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea, 20(1), 1-26, 2012.
18 Kosmitzki, C. and John, O.P., "The implicit use of explicit conceptions of social intelligence". Personality and Individual Differences, 15(1), 11-23, 1993.   DOI
19 Lee, E.C., Whang, M., Ko, D., Park, S. and Hwang, S.T., "A New Social Emotion Estimating Method by Measuring Micro-movement of Human Bust". In: Watada J., Shiizuka H., Lee KP., Otani T., Lim CP. (eds) Industrial Applications of Affective Engineering. Springer, Cham. 2014.
20 Lee, W.R. and Whang, M.C., "The Accuracy of Recognizing Emotion from Korean Standard Facial Expression". The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 14(9), 476-483, 2014.   DOI
21 Lischke, A., Pahnke, R., Mau-Moeller, A., Behrens, M., Grabe, H.J., Freyberger, H.J. and Weippert, M. "Inter-individual Differences in Heart Rate Variability Are Associated with Inter-individual Differences in Empathy and Alexithymia". Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 229, 2018.   DOI
22 Neisser, U., Boodoo, G., Bouchard Jr, T.J., Boykin, A.W., Brody, N., Ceci, S.J. and Urbina, S., "Intelligence: Knowns and unknowns", American Psychologist, 51(2), 77, 1996.   DOI
23 Parkinson, B., "Emotions are Social." British Journal of Psychology, 87(4), 663-683, 1996.   DOI
24 Marlowe, H.A., "Social Intelligence: Evidence for Multidimensionality and Construct Independence". Journal of Educational Psychology, 78(1), 52, 1986.   DOI
25 Nelson, A. and Golant, S.K., You Don't Say: Navigating Nonverbal Communication between the Sexes, Prentice Hall, 2004.
26 Oatley, K. and Johnson-Laird, P.N., "Towards a Cognitive Theory of Emotions". Cognition and Emotion, 1(1), 29-50, 1987.   DOI
27 Park, M.J., "The Effects of Congruence between Facial Expression and Body Gesture on Emotion Recognition", MS Thesis, Sangmyung University, 2017.
28 Park, N.J., Yang, S.H. and Cho, I.S., "A Study on the development of program for the improvement of young children's social intelligence and its effect". The Journal of Korea Open Association for Early Childhood Education, 10(1), 107-130, 2005.
29 Pease, B. and Pease, A., The Definitive Book of Body Language: The Hidden Meaning Behind People's Gestures and Expressions, Bantam, 2008.
30 Park, S.W., "Original Articles: The Validity and Reliability Testing of The Tromso-Social Intelligence Scale in Korean College Students", Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 16(2), 190-197, 2007.
31 Riggio, R.E., Messamer, J. and Throckmorton, B., "Social and academic intelligence conceptually distinct but overlapping construct", Personality and Individual Difference, 12(7), 695-702, 1991.   DOI
32 Shin, C. and Hwang, S.H., "The Influences of Social Intelligence of Hotel Employees on Social Support and Work Performance", International Journal of Tourism Management and Sciences, 24(6), 437-456, 2010.
33 Thorndike, E.L., "Intelligence and its Uses", Harper's Magazine, 140, 1920.
34 Silvera, D., Martinussen, M. and Dahl, T.I., "The Tromso Social Intelligence Scale, a self‐report Measure of Social Intelligence", Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 42(4), 313-319, 2001.   DOI
35 Stein, P.K., Bosner, M.S., Kleiger, R.E. and Conger, B.M., "Heart rate variability: a measure of cardiac autonomic tone". American Heart Journal, 127(5), 1376-1381, 1994.   DOI
36 Teplan, M., "Fundamental Of EEG Measurement", Measurement Science Review, 2(2), 1-11, 2002.
37 Wong, C.T., Day, J.D, Maxwell, S.E and Meara, N.M., "A Multitrait-Multimethod Study of Academic and Social Intelligence in College Students". Journal of Educational Psychology, 87(1), 117-133, 1995.   DOI
38 Silk, J.B. "Social Components of Fitness in Primate Groups". Science (New York, N.Y.) 317.5843, 1347-1351, 2007.   DOI
39 Zaki, J., Ochsner, K.N., Hanelin, J., Wager, T.D. and Mackey, S.C., "Different circuits for different pain: patterns of functional connectivity reveal distinct networks for processing pain in self and others", Soc Neurosci, vol. 2, 276-291, 2007.   DOI