Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2006.25.2.063

Quantifying the Urgency Perception of Voice Alarm Generated by Concatenative Synthesizer  

Jang, Pil-Sik (대불대학교)
Lee, Gyeong-Tae (대불대학교)
Publication Information
Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea / v.25, no.2, 2006 , pp. 63-70 More about this Journal
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental study of the factors modulating the urgency perception of voice alarm generated by concatenative synthesizers. Four experiments were conducted using psycho-physical approach in which 105 participants made magnitude estimation for urgency perception of various voice alarm stimuli. Experiment 1 identified 6 acoustic and non-acoustic factors modulating the perceived urgency of synthesized voice alarm. Experiment 2, 3 and 4 quantified the relations between the objective changes in each of the quantifiable parameters and the subjective changes in urgency perception. This research has implications for the design and implementation of synthesized voice alarm systems where urgency mapping is required.
Keywords
Concatenative synthesis; Voice alarm; Urgency perception; Magnitude estimation;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Aretz, A. J., 'A comparison of manual and vocal response medes to the control of aircraft systems', Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society, (pp. 97-101), Santa Monica. CA, 1983
2 Barber, C., Stanton, N. A. and Stockley. A., Can speech be used for alarm displays in 'process control type tasks?, Behavior & Information Technology, 11, 216-226, 1992   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Bliss, J. P., Gilson, R. D. and Deaton, J. E., Human probability matching behavior in response to alarms of varying reliability, Ergonomics, 38(11), 2300-2313, 1995   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Boersma, Paul., 'Accurate short-term analysis of the fundamental frequency and the harmonics-to-noise ratio of a sampled sound', Proceedings of the Institute of Phonetic Sciences of the University of Amsterdam, 17(pp. 97-110), Amsterdam. 1993
5 Byblow, W. D. and Corlett, J. T., Effects of linguistic redundancy and coded voice warnings on system response time, Applied Ergonomics, 20, 105-108, 1989   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Edworthy, J., Loxley, S. and Dennis, I., Improving auditory warning design: Relationship between warning sound parameters and perceived urgency, Human Factors, 33, 205-231, 1991   DOI
7 Haas, E. C. and Edworthy, J., Designing urgency into auditory warnings using pitch, speed, and loudness, Computing & Control Engineering Journal, 7(4), 193-198, 1996   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Hakkinen, M. T. and Williges, B. H., Synthesized warning messages: Effects of an alerting cue in single- and multiple-function voice synthesis systems, Human Factors, 26, 185-195, 1984   DOI
9 Irving, A., 'An experimental comparison of operator responses to voice and tone system warnings', Report No. BAE-BT-12051, British Aerospace Dynamic Group, Bristol, England, 1981
10 Kerr, J. H. and Hayes, B., An 'alarm' situation in the intensive care ward, Intensive Care Medicine, 9, 103-104, 1983   DOI
11 Lodge, M., Magnitude Scaling: Quantitative measurement of opinion, Sage, Beverly Hills, CA, 1981
12 Rood, G. M., Chillery, J. A. and Collister, J. B., Requirements and application of auditory warnings to military helicopters, Ergonomics International, 85, 169-172, 1985
13 Simpson, C. A. and Marchionda-Frost, K., Synthesized speech rate and pitch effects on intelligibility of warning messages for pilots, Human Factors, 26, 509-517, 1984   DOI
14 Morris, R. W. and Montano, S. R., Response times to visual and auditory alarms during anesthesia, Anesthesia and Intensive Care, 24, 682-684, 1996
15 Simpson, C. A. and Williams, D. H., Response time effects of altering tone and semantic context for synthesized voice cockpit warnings, Human Factors, 22, 319-320, 1980   DOI
16 Tanenhaus, J. and W. Murphy., Patterns of public support for the Supreme Court: A panel study, Journal of Politics, 43: 324-339, 1981
17 Wheale, J. L., Evaluation of an experimental central warning system with a synthesized voice component, Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 54, 517-523, 1983
18 Stevens S., On the psychophysical law, Psychological Review, 64, 153-181, 1957   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Bliss, J. P. and Gilson, R. D., Emergency signal failure: implications and recommendations, Ergonomics, 41(1), 57-72, 1998   DOI
20 Burt, J. L., Bartolome, D. S., Burdette, D. W. and Comstock, J. R., A psychophysiological evaluation of the perceived urgency of auditory warning signals, Ergonomics, 38, 2327-2340, 1995   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Roederer, Juan., Introduction to the Physics and Psychophysics of Music, The English Universities Press, 1973
22 Park, K. S. and Jang, P. S., Effects of Synthesized Voice Warning Parameters on Perceived Urgency, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 5(1), 73-95, 1999   DOI
23 Mashour, M. and Hosman, J., On the new psychophysical law: A validation study, Perception and Psychophysics, 3, 367-375, 1968