Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5723/KJCS.2015.36.3.1

The Mediating Effect of Mothers' Emotional Expressiveness in the Relationship between Their Beliefs about Children's Emotion and the Children's Emotional Regulation as it is Perceived by Their Mothers  

Choi, Hye Jeong (Yonsei University)
Lee, Dong-gwi (Yonsei University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Child Studies / v.36, no.3, 2015 , pp. 1-18 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study tested the relationship between mothers' beliefs about their children's emotions and the children's emotional regulation, using the mothers' positive and negative emotional expressiveness as mediators. The participants comprised 511 mothers with children whose ages ranged from 3 to 5 years, from 11 early childhood educational institutions located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The survey data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0, AMOS 21.0 and Mplus 6.12 programs. The main results were as follows. First, there were significant correlations among the three variables (i.e., mothers' beliefs about their children's emotions, the children's emotional regulation, and the mothers' emotional expressiveness). Second, both the mothers' beliefs about their children's emotions and the mothers' emotional expressiveness predicted in a significant manner the children's degree of emotional regulation. Third, the mediating effects of the mothers' emotional expressiveness were found to be significant. This indicated that the mothers' emotional expressiveness can be one means by which their children's emotional regulation can be increased, and this needs to be taken into account when designing educational and counseling programs.
Keywords
parental beliefs; parental beliefs about emotion; emotional expressiveness; emotional regulation;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 An, R-R. (2005). The relationship between children's individual variables, mothers' emotionality and the children's emotional development, social competence. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
2 An, S. H. (2008). The relations of maternal parenting stress, emotional expressiveness, and parenting behaviors to emotional maladjustment behaviors of the child with cerebral palsy. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
3 Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 3(3), 411-423.
4 Beak, M. Y. (2002). Children's affective perspectivetaking and emotion regulation to parents' emotional expressiveness. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
5 Bion, W. R. (1985). Container and contained. Group Relations Reader, 2(8), 127-133.
6 Cervantes, C. A., & Seo, M. (2005). Korean mother's beliefs about children's emotions: An examination of parenting in a multicultural context. Symposium conducted at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development. Atlanta, GA.
7 Choi, H. Y., Min, K. H., & Lee, D-G. (2008). The role of ambivalence over emotional expression in the link of belief in emotional expression and psychological symptoms. Korean Journal of Counseling, 9(3), 1063-1080.   DOI
8 Choi. Y. H., & Cho, B. H. (2013). A study on the variables influencing the children's emotional competence. Journal of Future Early Childhood Education, 20(1), 323-345.
9 Cole, P. M. (1986). Children's spontaneous control of facial expression. Child Development, 57(6), 1309-1321.   DOI
10 Cummings, E. M., Vogel, D., Cummings, J. S., & El-Sheikh, M. (1989). Children's responses to different forms of expression of anger between adults. Child Development, 60(6), 1392-1404.   DOI
11 Denham, S. A. (1993). Maternal emotional responsiveness and toddler's social emotional competence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 34(4), 715-728.   DOI
12 Denham, S. A. (1998). Emotional development in young children. New York: Guilford Press.
13 Dunsmore, J. C., & Karn, M. A. (2001). Mothers' beliefs about feelings and children's emotional understanding. Early Education and Development, 12(1), 117-138.   DOI
14 Durnsmore, J. C., & Halberstadt, A. G. (1997). Emotional communication in children's schema development. In K. C. Barrett, New directions in the communication of emotion. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Washington, DC.
15 Eisenberg, N. (1996). Meta-emotion and socialization of emotion in the family-A topic whose time has come: comment on Gottman et al. Journal of Family Psychology, 10(3), 269-276   DOI
16 Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1996). Parental meta-emotion philosophy and the emotional life of families: Theoretical models and preliminary data. Journal of Family Psychology, 10(3), 243.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Eisenberg, N., Cumberland, A., & Spinrad. T. L. (1998) Parental socialization of emotion. Psychological Inquiry: An International Journal for the Advancement of Psychological Theory, 9(4), 241-273.   DOI
18 Garner, P. W. (1996). The relations of emotional role taking, affective/moral attributions, and emotional display rule knowledge to lowincome school-age children's social competence. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 17(1), 19-36.   DOI
19 Gottman, J. M., & Mettetal, G. (1986). Speculations about social and affective development: Friendship and acquaintanceship through adolescence. New York: Cambridge University Press.
20 Greenfield, P. M., & Suzuki, L. K. (1998). Culture and human development: Implications for parenting, education, pediatrics, and mental health. Handbook of Child Psychology, 4(16), 1059-1109.
21 Halberstadt, A. G. (1986). Family socialization of emotional expression and nonverbal communication styles and skill. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(4), 827-836.   DOI
22 Hyson, M. C., & Lee, K. M. (1996). Assessing early childhood teacher's beliefs about emotions: Content, contexts, and implications for practice. Early Education and Development, 7(1), 59-78.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Jeong, Y-K., & Cho, E. Grace (2011). Generational differences in korean parent's emotion-related beliefs and parenting practices: Now and 30 years ago. Paper presented at the 2011 biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Montreal, Quebec.
24 Kring, A. M., Smith, D. A., & Neale, J. M. (1994). Individual differences in dispositional expressiveness: Development and validation of the Emotional Expressivity Scale. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(5), 934-949.   DOI
25 Jeong, Y-K., & Park H-J. (2012). Korean parent's belief about children's emotion and emotion related parenting. The Korean Journal of Developmental Psychology, 25(2), 107-128.
26 Kim, J. Y. (2007). The effects of preschooler's temperament, marital conflict and preschooler's emotion regulation on problem behavior. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
27 Kim, Y. (2007). A study on the relationships of the child's temperament, psychological family environment variable and behavior problems. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Kyong-gi University, Seoul, Korea.
28 Lee, J-E. (2013). The effects of maternal beliefs about emotions and reactions to children's nagative emotions on preschooler's emotion regulation. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
29 Lee, H. S., & Kim, S. Y. (2013). The relationships between playfulness and self-regulation in preschool children: Focusing on the mediating effects of parental beliefs on emotional developments. Korean Journal of Child Education and Care, 13(4), 237-256.
30 Noh, J-Y., & Jeong, Y-K. (2010). The effect of mother's reactions to child's negative emotion on ambivalence over emotional expressiveness and belief about emotional expressiveness and belief about emotional expression. The Korean Journal of Developmental Psychology, 23(2), 57-71.
31 Park, E-J. (2010). The effect of parent empathy on younger children's emotion regulation: The mediating role of younger children's selfesteem. Unpublished master's thesis, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea.
32 Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7(4), 422-445.   DOI
33 Rubin, K. H., & Mills, R. S. (1990). Maternal beliefs about adaptive and maladaptive social behaviors in normal, aggressive, and withdrawn preschoolers. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 18(4), 419-435.   DOI
34 Shields, A., & Cicchetti, D. (2001). Parental maltreatment and emotion dysregulation as risk factors for bullying and victimization in middle childhood. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 30(3), 349-363.   DOI
35 Shin, J., & Jeong, Y-K. (2013). Mother's emotion expression and response to children's negative emotion expression by emotion-related beliefs about children's emotion. The Korean Journal of Developmental Psychology, 26(3), 71-95.
36 Son, S-H., Yu-Y-O., & Choi, S-Y. (2014). The effects of young children's temparament and maternal parenting attitude on young children's optimism: A mediating effect of mother's negative emotional expression. The Journal of Child Education, 23(3), 347-363.
37 Thompson, R. A. (1994). Emotion regulation: A theme in search of definition. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59(2-3), 25-52.   DOI
38 Thompson, R. A., & Meyer, S. (2007). Socialization of emotion regulation in the family. New York: Guilford Press.
39 West, S. G., Finch, J. F., & Curran, P. J. (1995). Structural equation models with nonnormal variables: Problem and remedies. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications (pp. 56-75). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
40 Yeo, E-J. (2009). A structural model analysis of the relationships among children's emotionality, mother's emotionality, mother's emotion-related socialization behaviors and children's emotion regulation. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Duksung Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
41 Yeo, E-J., & Lee, K-O. (2009). A structural model analysis of the relationships among children's emotionality, mother's emotionality, mother's emotion-based socialization behaviors and children's emotion regulation. The Journal of Korea Open Association for Early Childhood Education, 14(5), 275-295.
42 Yoo, E. H., & Lim. M. O. (2006). The relationship between parents' emotional expression and children's self-regulation. The Korean Journal of Child Studies, 27(6), 97-106.