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http://dx.doi.org/10.7474/TUS.2021.31.1.052

Probabilistic Assesment of the Effects of Vapor Cloud Explosion on a Human Body  

Yoon, Yong-Kyun (Department of Fire and Disaster Protection, Semyung University)
Ju, Eun-Hye (Department of Firefighter Administration, Gangdong University)
Publication Information
Tunnel and Underground Space / v.31, no.1, 2021 , pp. 52-65 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, authors analyzed the vapor cloud explosion induced by propane leak at the PEMIX Terminal, which is the propane storage facility outside of Mexico City. TNT equivalence mass for the leaked 4750 kg propane was estimated to be 9398 kg. Blast parameters such as peak overpressure, positive phase duration, and impact at 40-400 (m) away from the center of the explosion were calculated by applying TNT Equivalency Method and Multi-Energy Method. The probability of damage due to lung damage, eardrum rupture, head impact, and whole-body displacement impact by applying the probit function obtained using blast parameters was evaluated. The peak overpressure obtained using Multi-Energy Method was found to be greater than the peak overpressure obtained by applying the TNT Equivalency Method at all distances considered, but it was evaluated that there was no significant difference from the points above 200 m. The peak overpressure obtained by Multi-Energy Method was computed to assess the extent of damage to the structure, and it was shown that structures within 100 m of the explosion center would collapse completely, and that the glasses of the structures 400 m away would be almost broken. The probability of death due to lung damage was shown to vary depending on a human body's position located in the propagating direction of shock wave, and if there is a reflecting surface in the immediate surroundings of a human body, the probability of death was estimated to be the greatest. The impact of shock wave on lung damage, eardrum rupture, head impact, and whole-body displacement impact was evaluated and found to affect whole-body impact < lung damage < eardrum rupture < head impact in order.
Keywords
Vapor cloud explosion; TNT Equivalency Method; Multi-Energy Method; Probit function; Probability of damage;
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