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http://dx.doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2019.21.1.1

The inference about the cause of death of Korean Fir in Mt. Halla through the analysis of spatial dying pattern - Proposing the possibility of excess soil moisture by climate changes -  

Ahn, Ung San (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province)
Kim, Dae Sin (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province)
Yun, Young Seok (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province)
Ko, Suk Hyung (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province)
Kim, Kwon Su (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province)
Cho, In Sook (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology / v.21, no.1, 2019 , pp. 1-28 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study analyzed the density and mortality rate of Korean fir at 9 sites where individuals of Korean firs were marked into the live and dead trees with coordinates on orthorectified aerial images by digital photogrammetric system. As a result of the analysis, Korean fir in each site showed considerable heterogeneity in density and mortality rate depending on the location within site. This make it possible to assume that death of Korean fir can occur by specific factors that vary depending on the location. Based on the analyzed densities and mortality rates of Korea fir, we investigated the correlation between topographic factors such as altitude, terrain slope, drainage network, solar radiation, aspect and the death of Korean fir. The density of Korean fir increases with altitude, and the mortality rate also increases. A negative correlation is found between the terrain slope and the mortality rate, and the mortality rate is higher in the gentle slope where the drainage network is less developed. In addition, it is recognized that depending on the aspect, the mortality rate varies greatly, and the mean solar radiation is higher in live Korean fir-dominant area than in dead Korean fir-dominant area. Overall, the mortality rate of Korean fir in Mt. Halla area is relatively higher in areas with relatively low terrain slope and low solar radiation. Considering the results of previous studies that the terrain slope has a strong negative correlation with soil moisture and the relationship between solar radiation and evaporation, these results lead us to infer that excess soil moisture is the cause of Korean fir mortality. These inferences are supported by a series of climate change phenomena such as precipitation increase, evaporation decrease, and reduced sunshine duration in the Korean peninsula including Jeju Island, increase in mortality rate along with increased precipitation according to the elevation of Mt. Halla and the vegetation change in the mountain. It is expected that the spatial patterns in the density and mortality rate of Korean fir, which are controlled by topography such as altitude, slope, aspect, solar radiation, drainage network, can be used as spatial variables in future numerical modeling studies on the death or decline of Korean fir. In addition, the method of forest distribution survey using the orthorectified aerial images can be widely used as a numerical monitoring technique in long - term vegetation change research.
Keywords
Mortality rate; Terrain slop; Solar radiation; Excess soil moisture; Climate change; Digital photogrammetric system;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
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