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http://dx.doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2010.13.2.048

Properties of Solar Radiation Components Reflected by the Sea Surface: - A Case of Jeju Island, South Korea -  

Fumichika, Uno (Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba)
Hayashi, Yousay (Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba)
Hwang, Soo-Jin (Department of Earth Science Education, Pusan National University)
Kim, Hae-Dong (Department of Global Environment, Keimyung University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology / v.13, no.2, 2011 , pp. 48-55 More about this Journal
Abstract
Solar radiation components reflected by the sea surface ($R_{ss}\uparrow$) are additional energy sources comprising the solar radiation regime. Previous studies, based on observational approaches, indicated that $R_{ss}\uparrow$ is an available climatological resource. However, an estimation process for $R_{ss}\uparrow$ has not been established. In this case study over Jeju Island in South Korea, we applied a new estimation process to solar radiation modeling and discussed the spatial distribution of $R_{ss}\uparrow$ and its seasonal variation. Our results showed that the illuminated area and the intensity of $R_{ss}\uparrow$ became greatest at the winter solstice and least at the summer solstice. We estimated the illuminated area of $R_{ss}\uparrow$ as it expanded over the southern slope of Jeju Island. At the winter solstice, on a daily basis, the area and intensity of illumination by $R_{ss}\uparrow$ were $182.3km^2$ and $0.41\;MJ\;m^{-2}\;day\;{-1}$, respectively. Comparing the daily accumulative and instantaneous values of $R_{ss}\uparrow$ intensity, the difference was about 20 times greater in daily cases than in instantaneous cases. On the other hand, for instantaneous values, the $R_{ss}\uparrow$ intensity accounted for up to 33% of the three components, i.e., direct, diffuse and reflected radiation in winter solstice. In addition, it was estimated that the sea surface reflectance depended on the wind speed. Therefore, in a practical use of this revised model, wind conditions should be considered as a critical factor in estimating $R_{ss}\uparrow$.
Keywords
Solar radiation; Reflection by the sea; Topographic shading; Jeju Island;
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