Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2010.12.3.183

Performance of NCAR Regional Climate Model in the Simulation of Indian Summer Monsoon  

Singh, Gyan Prakash (Department of Geophysics, Banaras Hindu University)
Oh, Jai-Ho (Integrated Climate System Modeling Group, Department of Environmental Atmospheric Sciences, Pukyong National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology / v.12, no.3, 2010 , pp. 183-196 More about this Journal
Abstract
Increasing human activity due to rapid economic growth and land use change alters the patterns of the Asian monsoon, which is key to crop yields in Asia. In this study, we tested the performance of regional climate model (RegCM3) by simulating important components of Indian summer monsoon, including land-ocean contrast, low level jet (LLJ), Tibetan high and upper level Easterly Jet. Three contrasting rain years (1994: excess year, 2001: normal year, 2002: deficient year) were selected and RegCM3 was integrated at 60 km horizontal resolution from April 1 to October 1 each year. The simulated fields of circulations and precipitation were validated against the observation from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis products and Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), respectively. The important results of RegCM3 simulations are (a) LLJ was slightly stronger and split into two branches during excess rain year over the Arabian Sea while there was no splitting during normal and deficient rain years, (b) huge anticyclone with single cell was noted during excess rain year while weak and broken into two cells in deficient rain year, (c) the simulated spatial distribution of precipitation was comparable to the corresponding observed precipitation of GPCC over large parts of India, and (d) the sensitivity experiment using NIMBUS-7 SMMR snow data indicated that precipitation was reduced mainly over the northeast and south Peninsular India with the introduction of 0.1 m of snow over the Tibetan region in April.
Keywords
Summer monsoon; Regional climate model; Low level jet; Precipitation; Tibetan snow;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Vernekar, A. D., J. Zhou, and J. Shukla, 1995: The effect of Eurasian snow cover on the Indian monsoon. Journal of Climate 8, 248-266.   DOI
2 Walker, G. T., 1928: Correlation in seasonal variation of weather. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 44, 223-224.
3 Wang, Y., L. R. Leung, J. L. McGREGOR, D. K. Lee, W. C. Wang, Y. Ding, and F. Kimura, 2004: Regional climate modeling: Progress, challenges and prospects. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 82, 1599-1628.   DOI
4 Yasunari, T., A. Kitoh, and T. Tokioka, 1991: Local and remote response to excessive snow mass over Eurassia appearing in the northern spring and summer climate- a study of the MRI GCM. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 69, 473-487.   DOI
5 Zwiers, F., 1993: Simulation of the Asian Summer monsoon with the CCC GCM-1. Journal of Climate 6, 470-486.
6 Nobre, P., A. D. Moura, and L. Sun, 2001: Dynamical downscaling of seasonal climate prediction over Nordeste Brazil with ECHAM3 and NCEP's regional spectral models at IRI. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 82, 2787-2796.   DOI
7 Ose, T., 1996: The comparision of the simulated response to the regional snow mass anomalies over Tibet, Eastern Europe and Siberia. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 74, 845-866.   DOI
8 Roads, J., S.-C. Chen, M. Kamamitsu, 2003a: U. S. regional climate simulations and seasonal forecasts. Journal of Geophysical Research 108, 8606, doi:10.1029/2002JD002232.   DOI
9 Pal, J., and S. E. Eltahir, 2000: Simulation of regional scale water and energy budgets: Representation of subgrid cloud and precipitation processes within RegCM. Journal of Geophysical Research 105, 29579-29594.   DOI
10 Parthasarathy, B., A. A. Munot, and D. R. Kothawale, 1995: Monthly and seasonal rainfall series for All India homogenous regions and meteorological sub-divisions 1871-1994. IITM Research Report 65, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune India, 113pp.
11 Singh, G. P., J. H. Oh, and H. S. Chaudhary, 2005: Difference in large scale circulation characteristics between deficient and excess Indian summer monsoon rainfall year. Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society 41, 285-300.   과학기술학회마을
12 Singh, G. P., and J. H. Oh, 2007: Impact of Indian Ocean sea surface temperature anomaly on Indian summer monsoon precipitation using a regional climate model. International Journal of Climatology 27, 1455-1465.   DOI
13 Singh, N. N., and N. A. Sontakke, 1996: On the variability and prediction of rainfall in the post monsoon season over India. International Journal of Climatology 19, 309-339.   DOI
14 Joseph, P. V., and S. Sajikumar, 2004: Intraseasonal variability of the Low Level Jet stream of the Asian Summer monsoon. Journal of Climate 17(7), 1449-1458.   DOI
15 Kiehl, J., J. Hack, G. Bonan, B. Boville, B. Breigleb, D. Williamson, and P. Rasch, 1996: Description of the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM3). Technical Report, National Center for Atmospheric Research.
16 Lynn, Barry H., R. Healy, and L. M. Druyan, 2007: An Analysis of the Potential for Extreme Temperature Change Based on Observations and Model Simulations. Journal of climate 20, 1539-1554.   DOI
17 Kripalani, R. H., A. Kulkarani, S. S. Sabade, J. V. Revadekar, S. K. Patwardhan, and J. R. Kulkarani, 2004: Intraseasonal oscillation during monsoon 2002 and 2003. Current cience 87, 325-331.
18 Kripalani, R. H., J. H Oh, A. Kulkarani, S. S. Sabade, and H. S. Chaudhary, 2007: South Asian summer monsoon precipitation variability:Coupled climate model simulations and projection under IPCC AR4. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 90, 133-159.   DOI
19 Luo, H., and M. Yanai, 1983: The large scale circulation and heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas during the early summer of 1979. Part-I: Precipitation and kinemetic analysis. Monthly Weather Review 111, 922-944.   DOI
20 Mitchell, K., M. J. fenessy, E. Rogers, J. Shukla, T. Black, J. Kinter, F. Mesinger, Z. Janjic, and E. Altshuler, 2001: Simulation of North American summer time climate with the NCEP ETA model nested in the COLA GCM. Global Energy and water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Newsletter 11, 3-6.
21 Murakami, M., 1979: Recursion technique for Band pass filter. Monthly Weather Review 107, 1011-1012.
22 Murakami, T., 1987: Orography and monsoons. Monsoons, Fein and Stephens (Eds), Wiley-Interscience, 331-364.
23 Giorgi, F., and G. T. Bates, 1989: The climatological skill of a regional model over complex terrain. Monthly Weather Review 117, 2325-2347.   DOI
24 Giorgi, F., M. R. Marinucci, and G. T. Bates, 1993a: Development of a second generation regional climate model (RegCM2) I, Boundary layer and radiative transfer processes. Monthly Weather Review 121, 2794-2813.   DOI
25 Grell, G. A., 1993: Prognostic evaluation of assumptions used by cumulus parametisations. Monthly Weather Review 121, 764-787.   DOI
26 Giorgi, F., M. R. Marinucci, and G. T. Bates, 1993b: Development of a second generation regional climate model (RegCM2) II, Convective processes and assimilation of lateral boundary conditions. Monthly Weather Review 121, 2814-2832.   DOI
27 Giorgi, F., C. Shields Brodeur, and G. T. Bates, 1994: Regional Climate Change scenarios over the United States produced with a nested regional climate model. Journal of Climate 7, 375-399.   DOI
28 Giorgi, F., and L. O. Mearns, 1999: Introduction to special section: regional climate modeling revisited. Journal of Geophysical Research 104, 6335-6352.   DOI
29 Grell, G. A., J. Dudhia, and D. R. Stauffer, 1994: A description of fifth generation Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5). NCAR Technical Notes NCAR/TN-398+STR, 21pp.
30 Holtslag, A. A. M., E. I. F.de Bruijin, and H. L. Pan, 1990: A high resolution air mass transformation model for short range weather forecasting. Monthly Weather Review 118, 1561-1575.   DOI
31 Hsie, E. Y., R. A. Anthes, and D. Kiyser, 1984: Numerical simulation of frontogenesis in a moist atmosphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 41, 2581-2594.   DOI
32 Bhaskaran, B. R., G. Jones, J. M. Murphy, and M. Noguer, 1996: Simulations of the Indian summer monsoon using a nested regional climate model: Domain size Experiments. Climate Dynamics 12, 573-578.   DOI
33 Chattopadhyay, J., and R. Bhatla, 2002: Possible influence of QBO on teleconnection relating Indian summer rainfall and SST anomalies across the equatorial Pacific. International Journal of Climatology 22, 121-127.   DOI
34 Fennessy, M. J., and J. Shukla, 2000: Seasonal prediction over North America with a regional model nested in a global model. Journal of Climate 13, 2605-2627.   DOI
35 Cocke, S., and T.E. LaRow, 2000: Seasonal predictions using a regional spectral model embedded within a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Monthly Weather Review 128, 689-708.   DOI
36 Dash, S. K., M. S. Shekhar, and G. P. Singh, 2006: Simulation of Indian Summer monsoon Circulation and rainfall using RegCM3. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 86, 161-172   DOI
37 Dickinson, R. E., R. M. Erico, F. Giorgi, and G. T. Bates, 1989: A regional climate model for the western United states. Climate Change 15, 383-422.
38 Findlater, J., 1971: Mean monthly air flow at low levels over the western Indian Ocean. Geophysics Memoirs 16(115), 1-53.
39 Fucsh, T., U. Schneider, and B. Rudolf, 2007: Global Precipitation Analysis Product of the Global Precipitation Climate Center (GPCC). Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach a.m. Germany, March 2007 (www.dwd.de/en/FundE/ Klima/KLIS/int/GPCC).
40 Gadgil, S., J. Srinivasan, R. S. Nanjundiah, K. Krishna Kumar, A. A. Munot, and K. Rupa Kumar, 2002: On the forecasting the Indian summer monsoon: the intriguing season of 2002. Current Science 83, 394-403.
41 Gao, Xiaogang, S. Sorooshian, and H. V. Gupta, 1996: Sensitivity analysis of the biosphere-atmosphere transfer scheme. Journal of Geophysical Research 101, 7279-7289.   DOI
42 Barnet, T. P., L. Dumenil, U. Schlese, E. Roeckner, and M. Latif, 1989: The effect of Eurasian snow cover on regional and global climate variations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 46, 661-685.   DOI
43 Annamalai, H., J. M. Slingo, K. R. Sperber, and K. Hodges, 1999: The mean evolution and variability of the Asian summer monsoon : Comparison of ECMWF and NCEP/ NCAR reanalysis. Monthly Weather Review 127, 1157-1186.   DOI