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Mechanism of Sulfonylurea Herbicide Resistance in Broadleaf Weed, Monochoria korsakowii  

Park, Tae-Seon (Department of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Lhm, Yang-Bin (Department of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Kyung, Kee-Sung (Department of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Lee, Su-Heon (Department of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Park, Jae-Eup (Department of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Kim, Tae-Wan (Department of Plant Resources Science Hankyong National University)
Kim, Kil-Ung (Dept. of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Kyungpook National University)
Publication Information
The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science / v.7, no.4, 2003 , pp. 239-247 More about this Journal
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to study the resistant mechanism of sulfonylurea(SU) herbicides to Monochoria korsakowii occurring in the rice fields of Korea. The activity of acetolactate synthase(ALS), absorption and translocation of $[^{14C}]$bensulfuron-methyl, and DNA sequence of ALS genes were studied. The apparent SU resiatance to Monochoria korsakowii was confirmed in greenhouse testes. Fresh weight accumulation$(GR_{50})$ in the resistant biotype was about 5- to 64-fold higher in the presence of six SU herbicides compared to the susceptible biotype. The ALS activity isolated from the resistant biotype to herbicides tested was less sensitive than that of susceptible biotype. The concentration of herbicide required for 50% inhibition of ALS activity$(I_{50})$ was 14- to 76-fold higher as compared to the susceptible biotype. No differences were observed in the rates of $[^{14C}]$bensulfuron uptake and translocation. However, the DNA sequence from the resistant biotype differed from that of the susceptible biotype by single nucleotide substitution at three amino acid each in the middle region excluding the ends of ALS genes. We found three point mutations causing substitution of serine for threonine at amino acid 168, arginine for histidine at amino acid 189, and a aspartic acid for phenylalanine at amino acid 247, respectively, in the resistant biotype.
Keywords
Sulfonylurea; resistance; Monochoria korsakowii; bensulfuron-methyl; mechanism; ALS; DNA;
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