Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9717/kmms.2018.21.11.1254

A Monocular Vision Based Technique for Estimating Direction of 3D Parallel Lines and Its Application to Measurement of Pallets  

Kim, Minhwan (School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Pusan National University)
Byun, Sungmin (School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Pusan National University)
Kim, Jin (Dept. of Computer Engineering, Jungwon University)
Publication Information
Abstract
Many parallel lines may be shown in our real life and they are useful for analyzing structure of objects or buildings. In this paper, a vision based technique for estimating three-dimensional direction of parallel lines is suggested, which uses a calibrated camera and is applicable to an image being captured from the camera. Correctness of the technique is theoretically described and discussed in this paper. The technique is well applicable to measurement of orientation of a pallet in a warehouse, because a pair of parallel lines is well detected in the front plane of the pallet. Thereby the technique enables a forklift with a well-calibrated camera to engage the pallet automatically. Such a forklift in a warehouse can engage a pallet on a storing rack as well as one on the ground. Usefulness of the suggested technique for other applications is also discussed. We conducted an experiment of measuring a real commercial pallet with various orientation and distance and found for the technique to work correctly and accurately.
Keywords
Parallel Lines; Line Direction Measurement; Camera Calibration; Pallet Orientation; Pallet Engagement;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 G. Garibotto, S. Masciangelo, M. Ilic, and P. Bassino, "ROBOLIFT: A Vision Guided Autonomous Fork-lift for Pallet Handling," Proceedings of IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, pp. 656-663, 1996.
2 J. Pages, X. Armangue, J. Salvi, J. Freixenet, and J. Marti, "A Computer Vision System for Autonomous Forklift Vehicles in Industrial Environments," Proceedings of 9th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, pp. 1-6, 2001.
3 D. Lecking, O. Wulf, and B. Wagner, "Variable Pallet Pick-Up for Automatic Guided Vehicles in Industrial Environments," Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, pp. 1169-1174, 2006.
4 M. Seelinger and J.D. Yoder, "Automatic Visual Guidance of a Forklift Engaging a Pallet," Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Vol. 54, Issue 12, pp. 1026-1038, 2006.   DOI
5 S. Byun and M. Kim, "Real-Time Positioning and Orienting of Pallets Based on Monocular Vision," Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI), pp. 505-508, 2008.
6 S. Byun and M. Kim, "Pallet Measurement Method for Automatic Pallet Engaging in Real-Time," Journal of Korea Multimedia Society, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 171-181, 2011.   DOI
7 M.R. Walter, S. Karaman, E. Frazzoli, and S. Teller, "Closed-Loop Pallet Engagement in an Unstructured Environment," Proceedings of IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), pp. 5119-5126, 2010.
8 L. Baglivo, N. Biasi, F. Biral, N. Bellomo, E. Bertolazzi, M.D. Lio, et al., "Autonomous Pallet Localization and Picking for Industrial Forklifts: A Robust Range and Look Method," Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 22, No. 8, 2011.
9 D. Haanpaa, G. Beach, and C.J. Cohen, "Machine Vision Algorithms for Robust Pallet Engagement and Stacking," Proceedings of IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR), pp. 1-8, 2016.
10 J. Xiao, H. Lu, L. Zhang, and J. Zhang, "Pallet Recognition and Localization Using an RGB-D Camera," International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, Vol. 14, Issue 6, 2017.
11 R. Jain, R. Kasturi, and B.G. Schunck, Machine Vision, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995.
12 Z. Zhang, A Flexible New Technique for Camera Calibration, Technical Report MSR-TR-98-71, 1998.
13 R. Hartley and A. Zisserman, Multiview Geometry in Computer Vision, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2003.
14 W. Hu, T. Tan, L. Wang, and S. Maybank, “A Survey on Visual Surveillance of Object Motion and Behaviors,” IEEE Transaction on System, Man and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 334-352, 2004.   DOI
15 Flat Pallets for Through Transit (KS T 1372), http://standard.go.kr/KSCI/standardIntro/getStandardSearchView.do (accessed Sep., 13, 2018).
16 A.J. Davison, I.D. Reid, N.D. Molton, and O. Stasse, “MonoSLAM: Real-Time Single Camera SLAM,” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 29, No. 6, pp. 1052-1067, 2007.   DOI