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http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/mbl.2004.04006

A Comprehensive Study of SARS-CoV-2: From 2019-nCoV to COVID-19 Outbreak  

Waris, Abdul (Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University)
Ali, Muhammad (Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University)
Khan, Atta Ullah (Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand Chakdara)
Ali, Asmat (Centre for Human Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra)
Baset, Abdul (Department of Zoology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda)
Publication Information
Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters / v.48, no.3, 2020 , pp. 252-266 More about this Journal
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious pneumonia that has spread throughout the world. It is caused by a novel, single stranded RNA virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Genetic analysis revealed that, phylogenetically, the SARS-CoV-2 is related to severe acute respiratory syndrome-like viruses seen in bats. Because of this, bats are considered as a possible primary reservoir. The World Health Organization has declared the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. As of May 27, 2020, more than 5,406,282 confirmed cases, and 343,562 confirmed deaths have been reported worldwide. Currently, there are no approved vaccines or antiviral drugs available against COVID-19. Newly developed vaccines are in the first stage of clinical trials, and it may take a few months to a few years for their commercialization. At present, remdesivir and chloroquine are the promising drugs for treating COVID-19 patients. In this review, we summarize the diversity, genetic variations, primary reservoirs, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment strategies, and future prospects with respect to controlling the spread of COVID-19.
Keywords
Coronavirus; 2019-nCoV; COVID-19 outbreak; SARS-CoV-2; diversity; epidemiology;
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