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http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/mbl.1810.10009

Structural Disorganization of Intestinal Tumor Spheroid by Microbial Ribotoxins  

Kim, Juil (Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences, BioMedical Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Kim, Joongkon (Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences, BioMedical Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Yu, Mira (Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences, BioMedical Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Moon, Yuseok (Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences, BioMedical Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters / v.47, no.1, 2019 , pp. 164-171 More about this Journal
Abstract
Radiation therapy has many side effects, such as digestive mucosal ulcers, without regard to its efficacy. The purpose of this study is to address an alternative method to replace the limitation of radiation therapy using radiomimetic microbial ribotoxins. In the evaluation of cancer therapy, we analyzed the formation of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell spheroids, which can take into account the heterogeneous cellular constitution, tumor stem cells, and the surrounding microenvironment. Ribotoxic stress interfered with the spheroid structure composed of relatively small clusters. Spheroids under ribotoxic stress were structurally sparse and their shrinkage was very slow. In the control group, the clusters of strongly aggregated cells were resistant to physical stress, but the ribotoxic stress-exposed spheroids were easily broken up by the physical stress. Moreover, the ribosome-insulted CRC cells slowly migrated to form clusters and the cell-cell junctional points in the ribosome-insulted spheroids were rarer than those in the control CRC spheroid. Moreover, levels of the cell-to-cell junctional protein E-cadherin were suppressed by ribotoxic stress in both allograft and xenograft spheroids. In conclusion, the radiomimetic microbial ribotoxins induced structural defects in CRC cell spheroids via retardation of migration and cell-cell junction in the formation of three-dimensional structures, and provides a basis for the mechanism of pharmacological radiomimetic anticancer actions as an alternate to radiotherapy against cancer.
Keywords
Cancer spheroid; colorectal cancer cell; radiation; ribosomal stress;
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