Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/mbl.1803.03017

A Study on the Whitening Effect of Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. Ethanol Extract on Melanoma Cell (B16F10)  

Joo, Da-Hye (Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University)
Yoo, Dan-Hee (Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University)
Lee, Jin-Young (Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University)
Publication Information
Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters / v.47, no.1, 2019 , pp. 148-157 More about this Journal
Abstract
A 70% ethanol extract of Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. was investigated for its whitening activity for application as a functional ingredient in cosmetic products. At the E. annuus extract concentration of $100{\mu}g/ml$, the electron-donating ability was found to be 67.83%, the tyrosinase inhibitory effect (related to skin-whitening) was 69%, the elastase inhibitory effect (related to skin-wrinkling) was 69%, and the astringent effect was 80%. The $ABTS^+$ radical-scavenging ability was 87% at the $500{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. In the cell viability test measured on melanoma cells, 96% of the cells treated with $100{\mu}g/ml$ of the extract were viable. According to the western blot results, the protein expression of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2 was decreased by 60.22%, 47.83%, 54.79%, and 67.88%, respectively, at the extract concentration of $100{\mu}g/ml$. The protein expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase (p-ERK) and phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) was decreased with increasing concentrations of the extract. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction of the extract showed that the mRNA expression of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 was decreased by 86.51%, 85.22%, 74.26%, and 66.66%, respectively, at $100{\mu}g/ml$ extract concentration. The findings suggest that the 70% ethanol extract from E. annuus (L.) Pers. has potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with whitening effect.
Keywords
Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers.; whitning effect; melanoma cell; western blot; RT-PCR;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kim DH, Jung SJ, Bang MH, Chung IS, Kim SH, Kwon BM, et al. 2004. Development of biologically active compounds from edible plant sources -XIII. Isolation of triterpenoids from the flower of Erigeron annuus L. J. Korean Soc. Appl. Bol. Chem. 47: 422-425.
2 Shin YS, Cho AR. 2004. Natural dyeing using the colorants extracted from American Fleabane (Part II) - Dyeing properties on cotton. J. Korean Soc. Cloth. Text. 28: 1625-1631.
3 Blois MS. 1958. Antioxidant determination by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 26: 1199-1120.   DOI
4 Roberta R, Nicoletta P, Anna P, Ananth P, Min Y, Catherine RE. 1999. Antioxidant acitivity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 26: 1231-1237.   DOI
5 Yagi A, Kanbara T, Morinobu N. 1986. The effect of tyrosinase inhibition for aloe. Planta Med. 3981: 517-519.
6 Cannell RJP, Kellan SJ, Owsianks AM, Walker JM. 1988. Results of a large scale screen of microalgae for the production of protease inhibitors. Planta. Med. 54: 10-14.   DOI
7 Lee JT, Jeong YS, An BJ. 2002. Physiological activity of Salicornia erbacea and its application for cometic materials. Korean J. Herbol. 17: 51-60.
8 Carmichael J, DeGraff WG, Gazdar AF, Minna JD, Mitchell JB. 1987. Evaluation of a tetrazolium based semiautomated colorimetric assay: assessment of chemosensitivity testing. Cancer Res. 47: 936-942.
9 Hatano T. 1995. Constituents of natural medicines with scavenging effects on active oxygen species tannins and related polyphenols. Nat. Med. 49: 357-363.
10 Riley PA. 1997. Molecules in focus melanin. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 29: 1235-1239.   DOI
11 Ju JC, Shin JH, Lee SJ, Cho HS, Sung NJ. 2006. Antioxidative activity of hot water extracts from medicinal plants. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 35: 7-14.   DOI
12 Cho KS. 2016. Inhibitory effect of DPPH radical scavenging activity and hydroxyl radicals (OH) activity of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lamarck. J. Life Sci. 26: 1022-1026.   DOI
13 Awika JM, Rooney LW, Wu X, Prior RL, Cisneros-Zevallos L. 2003. Screening methods to measure antioxidant activity of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and sorghum products. Agric. Food Chem. 51: 6657-6719.   DOI
14 Iwata M, Corn T, Iwata S, Everett MA, Fuller BB. 1990. The relationship between tyrosinase activity and skin color in human foreskins. J. Invest. Dermatol. 95: 9-15.   DOI
15 Kim YS, Lee SJ, Hwang JW, Kim EH, Park PJ, Jeon BT. 2011. Antioxidant activity and protective effects of extracts from Helianthus tuberosus L. leaves on t-BHP induced oxidative stress in Chang cells. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 40: 1525-1531.   DOI
16 Cha JY, Yang HJ, Jeong JJ, Seo WS, Park JS, Ok M, et al. 2010. Tyrosinase inhibition activity and antioxidant capacity by fermented products of some medicinal plants. J. Life Sci. 20: 940-947.   DOI
17 Im S, Moro O, Peng F, Medrano EE, Cornelius J. 1998. Activation of the cAMP pathway by ${\alpha}$-melanotropin mediates the response of human melanocytes to ultraviolet B radiation. Cancer Res. 58: 47-54.
18 Lee SY, An JH, Chun H, Cho HY. 2003. Isolation and characterization of MMP-1 inhibitor peptide from Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge in fibroblast cell line HS68 cells. Korean J. Soc. Appl. Biol. Chem. 46: 60-65.
19 Tsuji N, Moriwaki S, Suzuki Y, Takema Y, Imokawa G. 2001. The role of elastases secreted by fibroblasts in wrinkle formation: implication through selective inhibition of elastase activity. Photochem. Photobiol. 74: 283-290.   DOI
20 Lim AK, Kim JO, Jung MJ, Jung HK, Hong JH, Kim DI. 2008. Functional biological activity of hot water and ethanol extracts from taraxaci herba. J. Korean. Soc. Food. Sci. Nutr. 37: 1231-1237.   DOI
21 Hunt G, Todd C, Cresswell JE, Thody AT. 1994. Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone and its analogue Nle4DPhe7 alpha-MSH affect morphology, tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis in cultured human melanocytes. J. Cell Sci. 107: 205-216.   DOI
22 Kim EJ, Choi JY, Yu MY, Kim MY, Kim SH, Lee BH. 2012. Total polyphenols, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of Korean natural and medicinal plants. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 44: 337-342.   DOI
23 Kim JW, Kim JS, Song IS, Kwon ES, Youn KS. 2013. Comparison of antioxidant and physiological properties of jerusalem artichoke leaves with different extraction processes. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 42: 68-75.   DOI
24 Youm TH, Lim HB. 2010. Antimirobial activities of organic extracts from fruit of Thuja orientalis L. Korean J. Med. Crop Sci. 18: 315-322.
25 Parvez S, Kang MK, Chung HS, Cho CW, Hong MC, Shin MK, et al. 2006. Survey and mechanism of skin depigmenting and lightening agent. Phytother Res. 20: 921-934.   DOI
26 Seiberg M, Paine C, Sharlow E, Andrade-Gordon P, Costanzo M, Eisinger M, et al. 2000. Inhibition of melanosome transfer results in skin lightening. J. Invest. Dermatol. 115: 162-167.   DOI
27 Busca R, Ballotti R. 2000. Cyclic AMP a key messenger in the regulation of skin pigmentation. Pigm. Cell Res. 13: 60-69.   DOI
28 Fordin M, Peraldi P, Van Obberghen E. 1994. Cyclic AMP activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in PC12 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 6207-6214.   DOI
29 Lee JH, Lee SY. 1983. Effects of toxic substances of Erigeron annus on the germination and seeding growth of several upland crops. Wonkwang Univ. 17: 107-139.
30 Youn JS, Shin SY, Wu YX, Hwang JY, Cho JH, Ha YG, et al. 2012. Antioxidant and anti-wrinkling effects of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus extract. Korean J. Food Preserv. 19: 393-399.   DOI
31 Ukeda H, Maeda S, Ishii T, Sawamura M. 1997. Spectrophotometric assay for superoxide dismutase based on tetrazolium salt 3'--1--(phenylamino)- carbonyl-3, 4-tetrazolium]-bis(4-methoxy-6-nitro) benzenesulfonic acid hydrate reduction by xanthinexanthine oxidase. Anal. Biochem. 251: 206-215.   DOI
32 Kim BY, Park SH, Park BJ, Kim JJ. 2015. Whitening effect of Androsace umbellata extract. J. Soc. Cosmet. Sci. 41: 21-26.
33 Hearing VJ, Tsukamoto K, Urabe K, Kameyama K, Montague PM, Jackson IJ. 1992. Fuctional properties of cloned melanogenic proteins. Pigment Cell Res. 5: 264-334.   DOI