Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/kjmb.1210.10005

Quality Characteristics of Brown Rice Makgeolli Produced under Differing Conditions  

Baek, Chang-Ho (Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, NAAS, RDA)
Choi, Ji-Ho (Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, NAAS, RDA)
Choi, Han Seok (Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, NAAS, RDA)
Jeong, Seok-Tae (Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, NAAS, RDA)
Kim, Jae Hyun (Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, NAAS, RDA)
Jeong, Yong-Jin (Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University)
Yeo, Soo-Hwan (Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, NAAS, RDA)
Publication Information
Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters / v.41, no.2, 2013 , pp. 168-175 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study we investigated the possibility of preparing brewed brown rice makgeolli, a traditional Korean rice wine, under diverse conditions. For this purpose the physicochemical characteristics of makgeolli brewed at different temperatures, utilizing a variety of nuruks, the traditional Korean fermentation agent, were studied. The alcohol content was seen to be highest when brewing occurred at $30^{\circ}C$, with the nuruk TN producing 16.2%. At $20^{\circ}C$TN produced 14.1% alcohol content. The alcohol content was therefore higher, by about 2%, for $30^{\circ}C$ fermentations than $20^{\circ}C$ fermentations. Similarly, saccharifying activity was influenced by temperature and sugar content, with a higher activity seen at $30^{\circ}C$ than at $20^{\circ}C$. As the fermentations progressed acidification petered out, with titratable acidity being 0.50-0.67% in all end samples. On the Hunter L, a, b scale; the a value decreased slightly, while the b value increased steadily during the fermentation process. Measurements of total organic acids were highest at $30^{\circ}C$, with the nuruk AK, at about 550 mg%. The content of citric acid was the highest at $30^{\circ}C$, being 230-310 mg% in all samples. However, more lactic acid was detected at $20^{\circ}C$ than at $30^{\circ}C$. Total free amino acid was highest at $30^{\circ}C$, with TN at $8,605{\mu}g/ml$, AK at $6,083{\mu}g/ml$, and RJ at $2,381{\mu}g/ml$. Total free amino acid and essential amino acid was shown to be higher at $30^{\circ}C$ than at $20^{\circ}C$. The bioactive substance ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid was also higher at $30^{\circ}C$, with TN at $223{\mu}g/ml$. From all of these results, we surmise that brown rice makgeolli manufacturing conditions are optimal at $30^{\circ}C$ fermentation temperatures and using the nuruk TN for brewing vinegar. In addition, the nuruk used clearly affects the quality of brown rice makgeolli and an appropriate method to determine the best nuruk for various purposes should be pursued.
Keywords
Saccharifying activity; static fermentation; makgeolli; nuruk; organic acid;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 8  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Bae, S. M., Y. H. Lee, M. K. Lee, S. A. Kang, and C. Cheong. 2008. Effect of traditional nuruk ration and yeast on the fermentation and quality of yakju. J. East. Asian. Soc. Dietary Life. 18: 41-48.
2 Cho, K. S., E. Y. Jong, and M. K. Kim. 2012. Brewing and quality characteristics of SchisandrachinensisYakju. J. Appl. Biol. Chem. 55: 163-167.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Han, E. H., T. S. Lee, B. S. Noh, and D. S. Lee. 1997. Quality characteristics in mash of makgeolli prepared by using different nuruk during fermentation. Korean J. Food Technol. 29: 555-562.
4 Han, E. H., T. S. Lee, B. S. Noh, and D. S. Lee. 1997. Volatile flavor components in mash of makgeolli prepared by using different nuruks. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol. 29: 563-570.
5 Jin, T. Y., H. J. Chung, and J. B. Eun. 2006. The effect of fermentation temperature on the quality of Jinyangju, a Korean traditional rice wine. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol. 38: 414-418.
6 Jo, D. H., H. J. Chung, H. Y. Cho, and S. T. Lim. 2011. Health function and utilization products of germinated brown rice. Food. Sci. Ind. 44: 76-86.
7 Kim, H. R., S. J. Jo, S. J. Lee, and B. H. Ahn. 2008. Physicochemical and sensory characterization of a Korean traditional rice wine prepared from different in ingredients. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol. 40: 551-557.
8 Kim, M. J., B. H. Kim, J. K. Han, S. Y. Lee, and K. S. Kim. 2011. Analysis of quality properties and fermentative microbial profiles of makgeolli and yakju brewed with or without steaming process. J. FdHyg. Safety 26: 64-69.
9 Ko, M. R., H. J. Choi, D. K. Han, S. S. Yoo, H. S. Kim, H. S. Choi, S. W. Choi, N. Y. Hur, C. N. Kim, B. Y. Kim, and M. Y. Baik. 2011. Antioxidative components and antioxidative capacity of brown and black rice. Food. Eng. Prog. 15: 195-202.
10 Lee, H. S., C. S. Park, and J. Y. Choi. 2010. Quality characteristics of the mashes of makgeolli prepared using different yeasts. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol. 42: 56-62.
11 Lee, O. S., Y. J. Jeong, Y. D. Ha, K. E. Kim, J. S. Shin, and H. Kwon. 2001. Monitoring of alcohol fermentation condition with brown rice using raw starch-digesting enzyme. Korean J. Post. Sci. Technol. 8: 412-418.
12 Oh, Y. A., S. D. Kim, and K. H. Kim. 1997. Changers of sugars, organic acid and amino acids content during fermentation of pine needle added Kimchi. J. Food. Sci. Technol. Cuth. 9: 45-50.
13 Lee, S. J. and B. H. Ahn. 2010. Sensory profiling of rice wines made with nuruks using different ingredients. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol. 42: 119-123.
14 Lee, S. W., J. H. Kwon, S. R. Yoon, S. M. Woo, S. Y. Jang, S. H. Yeo, J. H. Choi, and Y. H. Jeong. 2010. Qualityh characteristics of brown rice vinegar by different yeasts and fermentation condition. J. Korean Soc Food SciNutr. 39: 1366-1372.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Min, Y. K., M. K. Lee, and H. S. Jeong. 1997. Fermentation characteristics of jujube alcoholic beverage from different additional level of jujube fruit. J. Korean Agric. Chem. Soc. 40: 433-437.
16 Park, C. W., S. Y. Jang, E. J. Park, S. H. Yeo, O. M. Kim, and Y. J. Jeong. 2011. Comparison of the quality characteristics of commercial makgeolli type in South Korea. Korean J. Food. Preserv. 18: 884-890.
17 Shin, J. S., O. S. Lee, K. E. Kim, and Y. J. Jeong. 2003. Monitoring of alcohol fermentation condition of brown rice using raw starch digesting enzyme. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 32: 375-380.   DOI
18 Son, H. S., B. D. Park, B. K. Ko, and C. H. Lee. 2011. Quality characteristics of makgeolliproduced by adding different amounts of water. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol. 43: 453-457.
19 Song, J. C. and H. J. Park. 2003. Makgeolli brewing using the uncooked germed brown rice at second stage mash. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 32: 847-854.   DOI
20 Woo, K. S., J. S. Lee, J. Y. Ko, S. B. Song, B. G. Oh, J. R. Kang, M. H. Nam, I. S. Ryu, and M. C. Seo. 2010. Physicochemical characteristics of Korean traditional wine fermented from foxtail millet (Setaria italic Beauvios) and nuruk at different addition rates. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol. 42: 298-303.
21 Woo, S. M., T. Y. Kim, S. H. Yeo, S. B. Kim, J. S. Kim, M. H. Kim, and Y. J. Jeong. 2007. Quality characteristics of alcohol fermentation broth and by-product of brown rice varieties. Korean J. Food. Preserv. 14: 557-563.
22 Woo, S. M., J .S. Shin, J. H. Seong, S. H. Yeo, J. H. Choi, T. Y. Kim, and Y. J. Jeong. 2010. Quality characteristics of brown rice makgeolli by different nuruks. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 39: 301-307.   DOI