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Biochemical Characteristics for the Cofactor Free Mutant of Yeast Homocysteine Catalyzing Enzyme, Cystathionine ${\beta}$-Synthase  

Jhee, Kwang-Hwan (Dept. of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology)
Cho, Hyun-Nam (Dept. of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology)
Yang, Seun-Ah (The Center for Traditional Microorganism Resources, Keimyung University)
Lee, In-Seun (The Center for Traditional Microorganism Resources, Keimyung University)
Publication Information
Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters / v.35, no.3, 2007 , pp. 196-202 More about this Journal
Abstract
Mutations in the cystathionine ${\beta}$-synthase (CBS) gene cause homocystinuria, the most frequent inherited disorder in sulfur metabolism. CBS is the unique enzyme using both heme and pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP) for activity. Among the reported 140 mutations, one of the most common disease-causing alterations in human CBS is G307S mutation. To investigate the pathogenic mechanism of G307S by spectroscopic methods, we engineered the full length and the truncated G247S mutation of yeast CBS that is corresponding mutation to human G307S. Yeast CBS does not contain heme and thus gives a merit to study the spectroscopic properties. The UV-visible spectra of the purified full length and the truncated G247S yeast CBSs showed the total absence of PLP in the protein. The absence of PLP in G247S mutation was also confirmed by the PLP-cyanide adduct formation experiment, which was conducted by the incubation of the purified enzyme with KCN. The adducts were detected using a circular dichroism (CD) and a spectrofluorimeter. Radio isotope activity assay of full length and truncated G247S proteins also gave no activity. Our yeast G247S mutation data suggested that G307S might make the distortion of the active site so that cofactor PLP and substrate can not fit inside the active site. Our yeast CBS study addressed the reason why the G307S mutation in human CBS makes the enzyme inactive that consequently leads to severe clinical phenotype.
Keywords
Homocysteine; Cystathionine ${\beta}$-synthase; Mutant; PLP;
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