Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7845/kjm.2014.4019

Bacterial Contamination and Antimicrobial Resistance of the Surrounding Environment Influencing Health  

Lee, Do Kyung (College of Phamacy)
Park, Jae Eun (College of Phamacy)
Kim, Kyung Tae (Department of Chemistry, Sahmyook University)
Jang, Dai Ho (School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University)
Song, Young Cheon (College of Phamacy)
Ha, Nam Joo (College of Phamacy)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Microbiology / v.50, no.2, 2014 , pp. 101-107 More about this Journal
Abstract
Community-acquired antimicrobial resistant bacteria are an emerging problem world-wide. In Korea, resistant bacteria are more prevalent than in other industrialized countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the isolation frequency of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), Pseudomonas, and Enterobacteriaceae from surrounding environment (home, colleges, public transportation system and possessions) in Seoul, and to examine the level of drug resistance to 13 antimicrobial agents, which are in wide spread clinical use in Korea, as well as new agent, tigecycline in Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Of total 239 samples, 18 (7.5%) MRS, 10 (4.2%) Pseudomonas, and 30 (12.6%) Entarobacteriaceae were isolated. A total of 5 (2.1%) methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were detected in home (2 samples), colleges (1 sample), and et cetera (2 sample). A total of 5 (2.1%) Escherichia coli were detected in in home (1 samples), public transportations (3 sample), and et cetera (1 sample). Resistance to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, ${\beta}$-lactams, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides was found in 71.9%, 71.9%, 68.8%, 68.8%, 50.0%, and 25.0% of 32 Enterobacteriaceae isolates, respectively. Also, resistance rate to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole of the isolates was a 43.8%. Moreover, 59.4% of the isolates were resistant to new agent, tigecycline and resistance to all agents tested was observed in 3 isolates. Five E. coli isolates were resistant to most of the agents tested, but some of them were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. This study can serve as a data point for future comparisons of possible changes in antibiotic resistance levels in surrounding environment. And multilateral strategies for preventing the incidence and spread of antibiotic resistance are needed.
Keywords
Pseudomonas; antimicrobial resistance; Enterobacteriaceae; methicillin-resistant staphylococci;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Suarez, C., Pena, C., Tubau, F., Gavalda, L., Manzur, A., Dominguez, M.A., Pujol, M., Gudiol, F., and Ariza, J. 2009. Clinical impact of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections.J. Infect. 58, 285-290.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Tasina, E., Haidich, A.B., Kokkali, S., and Arvanitidou, M. 2011. Efficacy and safety of tigecycline for the treatment of infectious diseases: a meta-analysis. Lancet Infect. Dis. 11, 834-844.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 van Duin, D., Kaye K.S., Neuner, E.A., and Bonomo, R.A. 2013. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: a review of treatment and outcomes. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 75, 115-120.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Wellington, E.M., Boxall, A.B., Cross, P., Feil, E.J., Gaze, W.H., Hawkey, P.M., Johnson-Rollings, A.S., Jones, D.L., Lee, N.M., Otten, W., and et al. 2013. The role of the natural environment in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. Lancet Infect. Dis. 13, 155-165.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Yoo, Y.A., Kim, M.S., Kim, K.S., Park, S.H., and Jung, S.K. 2010. Antimicrobial resistance and implicated genes of E. coli isolated from commercial and cooked foods in Seoul. J. Fd. Hyg. Safety 25, 220-225.
6 Chong, Y. and Lee, K. 2000. Present situation of antimicrobial resistance in Korea. J. Infect. Chemother. 6, 189-195.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). 2012. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically; Approved standard, 9th ed. CLSI document M07-A79, CLSI, Wayne, PA, USA.
8 Dixon, B. 2000. Antibiotics as growth promotors: risks and alternatives. ASM News 66, 264-265.
9 Garau, J. 2008. Other antimicrobials of interest in the era of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases: fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and tigecycline. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 14, 198-202.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Price, J., Ekleberry, A., and Grover, A. 1999. Evaluation of clinical practice guidelines on outcome of infection in patients in the surgical intensive care unit. Crit. Care Med. 27, 2118-2124.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Raji, M.A., Jamal, W., Ojemhen, O., and Rotimi, V.O. 2013. Point-surveillance of antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from patients in a Lagos Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. J. Infect. Public Health 6, 431-437.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Rodriguez-Bano, J. and Pascual, A. 2008. Clinical significance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Expert. Rev. Anti. Infect. Ther. 6, 671-683.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Song, J.H. 2009. Current status and futures strategies of antimicrobial resistance in Korea. Kor. J. Med. 77, 143-151.
14 Spellberg, B., Blaser, M., Guidos, R.J., Boucher, H.W., Bradley, J.S., Eisenstein, B.I., Gerding, D., Lynfield, R., Reller, L.B., Rex, J., and et al. 2011. Combating antimicrobial resistance: policy recommendations to save lives. Clin. Infect. Dis. 52, S397-S428.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Heinemann, J.A., Ankenbauer, R.G., and Amabile-Cuevasc, C.F. 2000. Do antibiotics maintain antibiotic resistance? Drug Discov. Today 5, 195-204.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Kang, C.I. 2011. Therapeutic strategy for the management of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. J. Kor. Med. Assoc. 54, 325-331.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Lee, H.J., Yoon, H.B., Han, S.S., Cha, R., Oh, K.H., Joo, K.W., Park, S.W., Lim, C.S., and Oh, Y.K. 2008. Causative organisms and antibiotics sensitivity in community acquired acute oyelonephritis. Kor. J. Nephrol. 27, 688-695.
18 Kang, C.I. 2013. What's new in the management of bacterial infections in the era of multidrug-resistant bacteria? J. Kor. Soc. Transplant. 27, 81-86.   DOI
19 Kang, C.I. and Song, J.H. 2013. Antimicrobial resistance in Asia: current epidemiology and clinical implications. Infect. Chemother. 45, 22-31.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Kim, E.S., Song, J.S., Lee, H.J., Choe, P.G., Park, K.H., Cho, J.H., Park, W.B., Kim, S.H., Bang, J.H., Kim, D.M., and et al. 2007. A survey of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Korea. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 60, 1108-1114.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Martinez, J.L. 2009. Environmental pollution by antibiotics and by antibiotic resistance determinants. Environ. Pollut. 157, 2893-2902.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 McGowan, Jr. J.E. 2001. Economic impact of antimicrobial resistance. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 7, 286-292.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Paul, M., Shani, V., Muchtar, E., Kariv, G., Robenshtok, E., and Leibovici, L. 2010. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy for sepsis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 4851-4863.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Lee, K., Lim, C.H., Cho, J.H., Lee, W.G., Uh, Y., Kim, H.J., Yong, D., and Chong, Y. 2006. High prevalence of ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia and increase of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. in Korea: a KONSAR program in 2004. Yonsei Med. J. 47, 634-645.   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Fridkin, S.K., Hageman, J.C., Morrison, M., Sanza, L.T., Como-Sabetti, K., Jernigan, J.A., Hariman, K., Harrison, L.H., Lynfield, R., Farley, M.M. 2005. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus disease in three communities. N. Engl. J. Med. 352, 1436-1444.   DOI   ScienceOn