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Comparative Inactivation of Hepatitis A Virus and Murine Encephalomyocarditis Virus to Various Inactivation Processes  

Kim, In-Seop (Department of Biological Sciences, Hannam University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Microbiology / v.39, no.4, 2003 , pp. 242-247 More about this Journal
Abstract
Murine encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) has been used as a surrogate for hepatitis A virus (HAV) for the validation of virus removal and/or inactivation during the manufacturing process of biopharmaceuticals. Recently international regulation for the validation of HAV safety has been reinforced because of the reported cases of HAV transmission to hemophiliac patients who had received ntihemophilic factors prepared from human plasma. The purpose of the present study was to compare the resistance of HAV and EMCV to various viral inactivation processes and then to standardize the HAV validation method. HAV was more resistant than EMCV to pasteurization (60oC heat treatment for 10 hr), low pH incubation (pH 3.9 at 25oC for 14 days), 0.1 M NaOH treatment, and lyophilization. EMCV was completely inactivated to undetectable levels within 2 hr of pasteurization, however, HAV was completely inactivated to undetectable levels after 5 hr treatment. EMCV was completely inactivated to undetectable levels within 15 min of 0.1 M NaOH treatment, however, residual infectivity of HAV still remained even after 120 min of treatment. The log reduction factors achieved during low pH incubation were 1.63 for HAV and 3.84 for EMCV. Also the log reduction factors achieved during a lyophilization process of antihemophilic factor VIII were 1.21 for HAV and 4.57 for EMCV. These results indicate that HAV rather than EMCV should be used for the virus validation study and the validation results obtained using EMCV should be precisely reviewed.
Keywords
hepatitis A virus; murine encephalomyocarditis virus; validation; virus inactivation;
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