Browse > Article

Relationship between Muscle Activity and Kinematic Variables of the Upper Extremity during a Push-up Task on Stable and Unstable Surfaces  

Yoon, Jung-Gyu (Department of Physical Therapy, Namseoul University)
Publication Information
The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy / v.23, no.2, 2011 , pp. 7-15 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: We investigated the relationship between the muscle activity and kinematic variables of the upper extremity during a push-up task on stable and unstable surfaces. Methods: We recruited 15 healthy subjects. Subjects completed the push-up task on stable and unstable surfaces. Surface electromyograms were recorded from the serratus anterior, upper trapezius, latissimus dorsi, infraspinatus to monitor changes in muscle activity. Markers for kinematic changes of elbow flexion, shoulder extension, shoulder retraction and scapular adduction were attached at C7, the T7 spinous process, both acromions, the scapula superior and inferior angle, the humerus lateral epicondyle, and the ulnar styloid process. Correlation coefficients between muscle activity and kinematic variables were analyzed by SPSS for Windows, version 15.0. Results: On the unstable surface, elbow flexion and shoulder extension increased with increasing muscle activity of serratus anterior, upper trapezius and infraspinatus. On the stable surface, shoulder retraction decreased with increasing muscle activity of serratus anterior and infraspinatus. Scapular adduction decreased with all types of increasing muscle activity, regardless of the support surface. Conclusion: Correlations between muscle activity and kinematic variables were observed on stable and unstable surfaces during a push-up task, while correlations between right and left variables were not clear. These finding suggest that it may be used to develop a rehabilitation program which could be effective in improving shoulder function in patients with shoulder problems.
Keywords
Muscle Activity; Kinematic; Push-up; Stable; Unstable;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Magee DJ. Orthopedic physical assessment. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1998:235-40.
2 Hong WS, Kim GW. Assessment of isometric muscle strength of shoulder girdle: a reliability study. J Kor Soc Phys Ther. 2007;19(6):17-22
3 Martin RM, Fish DE. Scapular winging: anatomical review, diagnosis, and treatments. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2008;1(1):1-11.   DOI
4 Lunden JB, Braman JP, Laprade RFet al. Shoulder kinematics during the wall push-up plus exercise. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2010;19(2):216-23.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 An KN, Korinek SL, Kilpela T et al. Kinematic and kinetic analysis of push-up exercise. Biomed Sci Instrum. 1990;26:53-7.
6 Youdas JW, Budach BD, Ellerbusch JV et al. Comparison of muscle-activation patterns during the conventional push-up and perfect. $pushup^{TM}$ exercises. J Strength Cond Res. 2010;24(12):3352-62.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Ludewig PM, Cook TM. Alterationsin shoulder kinematics and associated muscle activity in people with symptoms of shoulder impingement. Phys Ther. 2000;80(3):276-91.
8 McClure PW, Michener LA, Karduna AR. Shoulder function and 3-dimensional scapular kinematics in people with and without shoulder impingement syndrome. Phys Ther. 2006;86(8):1075-90.
9 Decker MJ, Hintermeister RA, Faber KJ et al. Serratus anterior muscle activity during selected rehabilitation exercises. Am J Sports Med. 1999;27(6):784-91.
10 Tucker WS, Armstrong CW, Gribble PA et al. Scapular muscle activity in overhead athletes with symptoms of secondary shoulder impingement during closed chain exercises. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010;91(4):550-6.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Tucker WS, Campbell BM, Swartz EE et al. Electromyography of 3 scapular muscles: a comparative analysis of the cuff link device and a standard push-up. J Athl Train. 2008;43(5):464-9.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Martins J, Tucci HT, Andrade R et al. Electromyographic amplitude ratio of serratus anterior and upper trapezius muscles during modified push-ups and bench press exercises. J Strength Cond Res. 2008;22(2):477-84.
13 de Araujo RC, Tucci HT, de Andrade R et al. Reliability of electromyographic amplitude values of the upper limb muscles during closed kinetic chain exercises with stable and unstable surfaces. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2009;19(4):685-94.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Lehman GJ, Gilas D, Patel U. An unstable support surface does not increase scapulothoracic stabilizing muscle activity during push up and push up plus exercises. Man Ther. 2008;13(6):500-6.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Borstad JD, Scucz K, Navalagund A. Scapula kinematic alterations following a modified push-up plus task. Hum Mov Sci. 2009;28(6):738-751.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 de Oliveira AS, de Morais Carvalho M, de Brum DP. Activation of the shoulder and arm muscles during axial load exercises on a stable base of support and on a medicine ball. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2008;18(3):472-9.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Lehman GJ, MacMillan B, MacIntyre I et al. Shoulder muscle EMG activity during push up variations on and off a Swiss ball. Dyn Med. 20065:1-7.   DOI
18 Park SK, Park JM, Lee JH. Effects of a push-up plus exercise program on scapular position and muscle activity in individuals with rounded shoulder posture. J Kor Soc Phys Ther. 2010;22(5):1-8
19 Shumway-cook A, Woollacott MH. Motor control: translating research into clinical practice. 3rded. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007:35-37.
20 Ludewig PM, Hoff MS, Osowski EE et al. Relative balance of serratus anterior and upper trapezius muscle activity during push-up exercises. Am J Sports Med. 2004; 32(2):484-93.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Lear LJ, Gross MT. An electromyographical analysis of the scapular stabilizing synergists during a push-up progression. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998;28(3):146-57.