Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.22755/kjchs.2021.54.1.18

A Study on the Linoleum of the Deoksugung and Changdeokgung Palaces in the Early 20th Century: focusing on its manufacturing process, characteristics, and usage  

Choi, Jihye (Kookmin University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science / v.54, no.1, 2021 , pp. 18-31 More about this Journal
Abstract
Linoleum is a resilient, hygienic, and eco-friendly floor covering. It was developed in England by Frederick Walton in 1863. Made of cork flour, linseed oil, and burlap as its main materials, the flexible and waterproof linoleum became globally popular in the early 20th century. Unlike the vinyl coverings, the burlap-backed linoleum was used not only in commercial spaces but also in household areas like kitchens, bathrooms, and even living rooms. As a global product, linoleum was imported and used in Korean palaces like Deoksugung and Changdeokgung in the early modern period. According to the record Deoksugung Won-Ahn, linoleum was applied to the major buildings, including Hamnyeongjeon, Deokhongjeon, and Jeonggwanheon, and various other venues. The linoleum used in these places are mainly monochrome blue and brown color, which probably means that they are from England. The trade records in the early 20th century show that linoleum was imported mainly from England and America. The Ewangjik building floor plan in the Changdeokgung Palace shows that linoleum was used extensively. There are even some originals, which were laid in 1920 and left in the Changdeokgung Palace. When Daejojeon and Huijeongdang were rebuilt in 1920, the interior was outfitted with western features and linoleum was used in areas such as bathrooms, the tonsorial parlor, and one of the rooms on the west side of Huijeongdang. In situ in the Daejojeon and Huijeongdang areas in the Changdeokgung Palace are monochrome, patterned black, and stylized floral tile patterned, which are closely similar to American products made by ALC and Armstrong company. This study will help us better understand linoleum's characteristics, its uses and the material itself. It will also form the basis for the restoration of Changdeokgung Palace as well as other modern interiors with linoleum flooring in the future.
Keywords
Linoleum; flooring products; Deoksugung; Changdeokgung; Frederick Walton;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 建築資料協會 編, 1926, 建築資料共同型錄 pp.106-107.
2 기세황, 2014, 20세기 초 창덕궁의 변형에 관한 연구-인정전 일곽과 희정당, 대조전 일곽을 중심으로, 한국예술종합학교 예술전문사과정논문, pp.44-66.
3 문화재청 덕수궁관리소, 2017, 덕수궁원안 번역 및 해제 보고서 건축사사무소 강희재, p.32.
4 박윤미, 2018, 조선말기 이후 첨모직 깔개에 관한 연구, 문화재 51, 국립문화재연구소, p.86.
5 서울역사박물관 편, 2018, <대경성부대관>과 대경성도시대관으로 보는 경성 상점가 p.217.
6 최지혜, 2020, 테일러상회의 무역 활동과 가구-전통가구의 변화 양상을 중심으로, 한국근현대미술사학 39, pp.271-272.
7 한국학중앙연구원 편, 2009, 근대건축도면집(도면편) pp.46, 55.
8 부산일보, 1928년 5월 4일 기사.
9 조선과 건축(朝鮮と建築) 1921년 6월, 1925년 11월 광고.
10 Conybeare, S. E., 1919, 'The Story of Linoleum', Du Pont Magazine, pp.5-8.
11 Helena Brazil, 2018, Lincrusta 1877-1887: The Development, Designs and Character of Lincrusta - Walton, pp.28-29.
12 Jane Powell, 2003, Linoleum, Gibbs Smith, Layton, pp.20-22.
13 Pamela H. Simpson, 1997, 'Linoleum and Lincrusta: The Democratic Coverings for Floors and Walls', Perspectives in Vernacular Architecture Vol.7, Exploring Everyday Landscape, p.282.
14 Pamela H. Simpson, 1999, Cheap, Quick, & Easy: Imitative Architectural Materials, 1870-1930, The University of Tennessee Press, pp.80-85.
15 Richard Wilson, 2007, Early 20th Century Building Materials: Resilient Flooring, Technology & Development Program, p.4.
16 https://archive.org.
17 https://www.armstrongflooring.com.
18 http://blog.modernmechanix.com.
19 조선시보, 1933년 4월 24일 광고.
20 조선신문, 1928년 6월 19일 기사.
21 朝鮮總督府 編, 1911-1941, 朝鮮貿易年表.
22 https://www.forbo.com.
23 http://www.kobe-np.co.jp.
24 https://museum.seoul.go.kr.
25 https://statenisland.pastperfectonline.com.
26 https://tarkett.com.
27 https://www.toli.co.jp.