Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2019.35.2.02

A Study on the Changing Properties of Iron Oxides in Black Glazes using Raman Microscope -Focused on Black Glazes Excavated in Shinan Shipwreck-  

Park, Jin Ho (Conservation Science Division, National Museum of Korea)
Yu, Heisun (Conservation Science Division, National Museum of Korea)
Chung, Yong Jae (Department of Heritage Conservation and Restoration, Graduate School of Cultural Heritage, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage)
Publication Information
Journal of Conservation Science / v.35, no.2, 2019 , pp. 117-129 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, black-glazed porcelain excavated from the Shinan shipwreck is analyzed to distinguish its characteristics. Glazes of Hong-Tang kiln are thin and exhibit little vitrification, whereas the Ci-Zhou-type and Cha-Yang kilns are similar in terms of their cross section. However, Raman mapping images reveal difference in the distribution area of magnetite. In this study, firing experiments are conducted to determine how iron oxides change properties in black glazes. The results show that when hematite is fired to a temperature greater than $1250^{\circ}C$, it becomes magnetite. Therefore, it is estimated that a firing temperature of approximately $1200^{\circ}C$ is suitable for the Hong-Tang kiln. In addition, glazes of the Ci-Zhou-type and Cha-Yang kilns are fired at approximately $1300^{\circ}C$. However, when the characteristics of firing in ancient kilns are considered, porcelain can be fired for a sufficiently long period to extend to glaze surfaces.
Keywords
Raman microscopy; Black glazed porcelain; Glaze; Iron oxide;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kim, H.S., 2003, Color effect by coloring oxide. Master's thesis, Myongji University, Seoul, 2-5. (in Korean with English abstract)
2 Kim, J.A., 2006, A scientific analysis study on Koryo celadon in the 11-12. Master's thesis, Chungang University, Seoul, 55-80. (in Korean with English abstract)
3 Kim, S.K., Han, M.S., Moon, E.J., Kim, Y.H., Hwang, J.J. and Lee, H.H., 2010, Mineralogical composition and physical variation of reproduced potteries based on chemical composition and firing temperature. Journal of Conservation Science, 26(3), 311-324. (in Korean with English abstract)
4 Kim, Y.S., 1999, Studies on the preparation of Temmok glaze in oxidative firing. Hongik University Research Institute of Industrial Technology, 9, Seoul, 281-288. (in Korean with English abstract)
5 Koh, K.S., 1992, A scientific and technological study of Korean traditional ceramics. Journal of the Korean History of Science Society, 14(1), 23-61. (in Korean with English abstract)
6 Koh, M.J. and Kim, G.H., 2008, Characteristics analysis of on blackware and whiteware at excavated Kiln in Gilmyeong-ri Pocheon-si Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Journal of Conservation Science, 22, 43-60. (in Korean with English abstract)
7 Lee, T.J., Koh, M.J., Lim, S.K., Yun, E.Y. and Hwang, H.S., 2014, A scientific study on the composition analysis and microstructure of the Yucheon-ri Goryeo whiteware. Journal of Conservation Science, 30(1), 67-80. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
8 Lee, Y.E. and Koh, K.S., 1997, Compositional and microstructural study of Punchong from Hakbongni, Kongju. Journal of the Korean Society of Conservation Science for Cultural Properties, 6(1), 3-14. (in Korean with English abstract)
9 Legodi, M.A. and de Waal, D. 2007, The preparation of magnetite, goethite, hematite and maghemite of pigment quality from mill scale iron waste. Dyes and Pigments, 74(1), 161-168.   DOI
10 Li, J.Z., 1998, The history of China science and technology (ceramics). Science Press, Beijing, 182-257. (in Chinese)
11 Min, S.H., 2008, Characterization of the high temperature frit glazes with coloring oxides. Master's thesis, Myongji University, Seoul, 4-7. (in Korean with English abstract)
12 Olivares, M., Zuluaga, M.C., Ortega, L.A., Murelaga, X., Alonso-Olazabal, A., Urteaga, M., Amundaray, L., Alonso-Martina, I. and Etxebarriaa, N., 2010, Characterisation of fine wall and eggshell Roman pottery by Raman spectroscopy. Raman Spectroscopy, 41, 1543-1549.   DOI
13 Park, M.S., 2016, Analysis of material characteristics for blackwares at excavated from the Bonggok Kiln site of Jinan-gun. Journal of Conservation Science, 32(4), 549-560. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
14 Robert, M., Farrell, E. and Rousmaniere, N.C., 1997, Hare's fur, tortoiseshell, and partridge feathers: Chinese brown and black glazed ceramics, 400-1400. Harvard University Press, Massachusetts.
15 Ropret, P., Miliani, C., Centeno, S.A., Tavzes, C. and Rosi, F., 2010, Advances in Raman mapping of works of art. Raman Spectroscopy, 41, 1462-1467.   DOI
16 Seo, J.Y., 2007, A study on black-glazed ware in Joseon Dynasty. Master's thesis, Korea University, Seoul, 1-8. (in Korean with English abstract)
17 Smith, G.D. and Clark, R.J.H., 2004, Raman microscopy in archaeological science. Journal of Archaeological Science, 31, 1137-1160.   DOI
18 Wei, Q., Zhang, Z., Li, Z., Zhou, Q., Zhu, Y., 2008, Enhanced photocatalytic activity of porous ${\alpha}$-Fe2O3 films prepared by rapid thermal oxidation. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 41(20).
19 Woo, S.U., 2009, Expressing the color of "Chun Mok Yu": Especially in tea ware. Master's thesis, Keimyung University, Daegu, 3-41. (in Korean with English abstract)
20 Woo, H.D., Jang, Y.D. and Kim, O.S., 2014, Petrological and mineralogical characteristics and firing temperature of pottery in the 5-6th century from Changnyeong, Gyeongsangnamdo. Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea, 27(2), 63-72. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
21 Wood, N., 2007, Chinese glazes. University of Pennsylvania Press, Pennsylvania.
22 Yu, H.S., 2007, Analysis of pigment and glaze used in Korean and Chinese ceramics. National Museum of Korea, 424-449. (in Korean with English abstract)
23 Dejoie, C., Sciau, P., Li, W., Noe, L., Mehta, A., Chen, K., Luo, H., Kunz, M., Tamura, N. and Liu, Z., 2014, Rare ${\varepsilon}$-Fe2O3 in the ancient black glazed Jian(Tenmoku) wares. Scientific Reports, 4, 1-9.
24 Berg, R.W., 2009, Raman spectroscopy characterization of colored pigments in archaeological materials. The polychromy of Greek and Roman sculpture in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek preliminary report 1.
25 Carter, E.A., Wood, M.L., de Waal, D. and Edwards, H.G.M., 2017, Porcelain shards from Portuguese wreck: Raman spectroscopic analysis of marine archaeological ceramics. Heritage Science, 5.
26 Casadio, F., Daher, C. and Bellot-Gurlet, L., 2016, Raman spectroscopy of cultural heritage materials: Overview of applications and new frontiers in instrumentation, sampling modalities, and data processing. Topic in Current Chemistry (Z), 374, 62-112.   DOI
27 Colomban, Ph., 2011, Potential and drawbacks of Raman spectrometry for the understanding of iron and steel corrosion. New Trends and Developments in Automotive System Engineering, INTECH, Rijeka, 567-584.
28 Cultural Heritage Administration, 2006, The Shinan wreck. 150-176.
29 Eo, H.J., 2014, A study on the coloration characteristics of copper - red glaze. Doctoral dissertation, Myongji University, Seoul, 27-42. (in Korean with English abstract)
30 Hwang, H.S., Kwak, E.G. and Lee, D.H., 2011, Microstructural study and firing temperature presume from Mt. Gyeryong Hakbong-ri Kiln. Journal of Conservation Science, 27(1), 13-30. (in Korean with English abstract)
31 Jung, J.H., 2010, A study of Temmoku teabowl bodies and glazes. Doctoral dissertation, Myongji University, Seoul, 1-67. (in Korean with English abstract)
32 Jung, Y.G., 1998, Effect of firing temperature on mechanical property and contact damage in pottery. Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society, 35(12), 1343-1350. (in Korean with English abstract)