Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2017.33.5.06

Characteristics of White Pigments Used in Jiho Oh and Bonung Gu's Paintings Produced in Modern and Contemporary Period  

Kim, Jung Heum (Department of Conservation and Art Bank, National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art)
Kim, Hwan Ju (Department of Conservation and Art Bank, National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art)
Park, Hye Sun (Department of Conservation and Art Bank, National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art)
Lim, Sung Jin (Department of Conservation and Art Bank, National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art)
Publication Information
Journal of Conservation Science / v.33, no.5, 2017 , pp. 371-380 More about this Journal
Abstract
To investigate the pigments used in modern and contemporary oil paintings, thirty-two paintings by Jiho Oh and Bonung Gu were selected. The white pigment found in the ground and painting layers was identified as lead white (hydrocerussite), zinc white (zinc oxide), titanium white (titanium dioxide in anatase or rutile forms), calcite (calcium carbonate), and barite (barium sulfate). Further, this indicated that pigments differ according to the artist and date of the painting's creation. However, both Oh and Gu used zinc white during the modern and contemporary period, while lead white was replaced by titanium white, barite and calcite. Compared with the overseas studies on pigments and oil paints, the change patterns of pigments were the same with them but the periods of the use were partially different. It seems to be due to the fact that South Korea is linked to the historical background of the art material which was imported from Japan instead of Western countries. Therefore, it is inevitable that any change in the white pigments used for domestic oil paintings occurred at a different time from global transitions. If the results of this study are used in the analysis of art works it is suggested that a database recording such aspects as material properties of oil paints, artistic techniques, and chronology would become important for future conservation science and the study of art history.
Keywords
Oil paint; White pigment; Jiho Oh; Bonung Gu;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Ball, P., 2013, Bright earth: The invention of color. Sallim, 233-239.
2 Barnett, J.R., Miller, S. and Pearce, E., 2006, Colour and art: A brief history of pigments. Optics & Laser Technology, 38, 447.
3 Back, N.Y., 2016, Study of nondestructive structural diagnostics and pigment analysis on painting with terahertz waves. Master's thesis, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage, Buyeo. (in Korean with English abstract)
4 Board, N., 2007, Modern technology of paints, varnishes & lacquers. National Institute of Industrial Research, 167.
5 Douma, M., 2001, Zinc white-history. http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/history/zincwhite.html/
6 Gamblin Artists Colors, 2012, Getting the white right. https://www.gamblincolors.com/getting-the-white-right-by-robert-gamblin/
7 Han, B.L., Hwang, I.S. and Park, Y.B., 1999, The science of paint. Sinhan, Seoul, 20-36. (in Korean)
8 Han, M.S., Kang, D.L., Kim, Y.W., Lee, H.H., Lee, J.J., Yang, I.S., Kim, J.H., Kim, G.H., Han, G.O., Ha, T.W. and Song, Y.N., 2016, Non-distructive pigment analysis guide book. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, Daejeon, 26-39. (in Korean)
9 Kim, H.J., 2016, A study on the material characteristics and functionality evaluation of a size layer of a canvas. Master's thesis, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage, Buyeo, 13-14. (in Korean with English abstract)
10 Kim, S.Y., 1999, A study of receiving process of early oil painting as a modern Korea painting circles. Focus on style of early oil painters. Master's thesis, Kyunghee University, Seoul, 64-68. (in Korean with English abstract)
11 Lafuente, B., Downs, R.T., Yang, H. and Stone, N., 2015, The power of databases: The RRUFF project, Highlights in mineralogical crystallography.
12 Lambourne, R. and Strivens, T.A., 1999, Paint and surface coatings: Theory and practice. Woodhead Publishing Limited, 436.
13 Mayer, R., 1991, The artist's handbook of materials and techniques. Viking, 29, 115.
14 Park, J.S., 1996, Painting theory and practice. Iljinsa, Seoul, 40-42. (in Korean)
15 Welsh, F.S., 2004, Investigation, analysis, and authentication of historic wallpaper fragments. Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, 43(1), 91-110.   DOI
16 Yun, E.Y. and Kim, Y.R., 2011, Analysis on red-colored dyeing by using non-destructive UV-visible and Fluorescence Spectrophotometry. Conservation Science in Museum, 12, 9-17. (in Korean with English abstract)
17 Museum of Fine Arts Boston, 2000, Materials databaseanatase. http://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Anatase/