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http://dx.doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2017.33.4.02

Characteristics of Surface Deterioration and Materials for Stone Guardian and Stone Memorial Tablets from Muryeong Royal Tomb of Baekje Kingdom in Ancient Korea  

Park, Jun Hyoung (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University)
Lee, Chan Hee (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University)
Choi, Gi Eun (Gongju National Museum)
Publication Information
Journal of Conservation Science / v.33, no.4, 2017 , pp. 241-254 More about this Journal
Abstract
The Stone Guardian and Memorial Tablets from the Muryeong Royal Tomb are composed of the same kind of plutonic igneous rocks, the so-called hornblendite. Color of the rocks show greenish gray, and both of them occurred with medium-grained granular texture. The rock-forming minerals composed mainly of amphibole and plagioclase. Magnetic susceptibility of the Stone Guardian is 0.15 to 0.63 (mean $0.42{\times}10^{-3}SI\;unit$), the King's Stone Memorial Tablet is 0.11 to 0.38 (mean $0.24{\times}10^{-3}SI\;unit$) and the Queen's Stone Memorial Tablet ranges from 0.10 to 0.33 (mean $0.18{\times}10^{-3}SI\;unit$). The rocks of the artifacts are hard to find in the Gongju area. Large scaled out crop of hornblendite is not distributed, but found in many places that the form of dike. The lithology and occurrences indicate that the artifacts are made of plutonic rock rather than dike. Reddish brown and pale brown contaminants, are also distributed on the surface of the Stone Guardian and Memorial Tablets. The reddish brown color is due to Fe oxide, and the pale brown color occurs due to the elution of Ca. The reddish brown contaminants are influenced by the internal components of the rock and oxidation of burial iron accessories. In contrast, the pale brown contaminants are considered to have flown from the carbonate materials used in the Royal Tomb, with a little added Fe oxide. Physical and chemical deterioration operate intricately in the Stone Guardian and Memorial Tablets. Physical deterioration is extremely rare and chemical deterioration is stable except for a part of the Stone Guardian and the front of the Queen Stone Memorial Tablet.
Keywords
Stone Guardian; Stone Memorial Tablets; Hornblendite; Surface contaminants;
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