Browse > Article

Detailed Deterioration Evaluation and Analysis of Conservation Environment for the Seosanmaaesamjonbulsang (Rock-carved Triad Buddha in Seosan), Korea  

Lee, Sun-Myung (Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
Lee, Chan-Hee (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University)
Kim, Ji-Young (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Conservation Science / v.26, no.3, 2010 , pp. 277-294 More about this Journal
Abstract
The Seosanmaaesamjonbulsang (National Treasure No. 84) consists of light gray and coarse to mediumgrained biotite granite with partly developed pegmatite and quartz vein. The host rock is divided into dozens of rock blocks with various shape along irregular discontinuity plane. The evaluation results of discontinuity systems reveal that the host rock were exposed to instable sloping environments. Results of deterioration diagnosis show that the degree of damage has been made worse by physical weathering and surface discoloration laying stress on part that vertical and horizontal joints are massed. Generally, deterioration rate of the triad Buddha surface cover with 42.7%, however, the rate of physical weathering and surface discoloration are subdivided to 9.6% and 33.1%, respectively. Ultrasonic measurements indicate that the triad Buddha was reached highly weathered grade in general. And the rock material was weaken to show low velocity zone of 1,000m/s along irregular joint systems. Indoor and outdoor mean relative humidity of the shelter was recorded more than 70% during every season, and high frequency appears in high relative humidity range over 95%. Such environments seem to have produced dew condensation on the rock surface with rainfall and supply water, promoted physical, chemical and biological weathering along crack and joint, resulting in high permeation of water and percentage of water content. Therefore, it is judged that for scientific conservation of the triad Buddha it needs environment control through persistent preservation environment monitoring including water problem.
Keywords
Seosanmaaesamjonbulsang; Joint; Structure stability; Surface discoloration; Conservation environment; Moisture; Shelter;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 7  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Lee, C.H. and Yi, J.E. "Weathering damage evaluation of rock properties in the Bunhwangsa temple stone pagoda, Gyeongju Republic of Korea". Environmental Geology, 52, p1193-1205, (2007).   DOI   ScienceOn
2 이선명, 이찬희, 최석원, 윤석봉, "서산 마애삼존불상의 훼손상태 및 불연속면의 거동특성". 보존과학회지, 19, p85-98, (2006).   과학기술학회마을
3 전용두, 이금배, 고석보, 김홍기, 세익 자히둘 이슬람, "신관리 석실고분 내부의 계절별 온․습도 변화특성". 2004 대한설비공학회 동계학술발표대회 논문집, p253-258, (2004).
4 Brooks, R.R., "Geobotany and biogeochemistry in mineral exploration". Haper and Row, New York, 290, (1972).
5 양희제, 김사덕, 이찬희, 최석원, "익산 미륵사지 석탑의 해체과정과 구성부재의 훼손도 평가". 보존과학회지, 16, p77-88, (2004).   과학기술학회마을
6 Lee, C.H., Lee, M.S., Kim, Y.T. and Kim, J. "Deterioration assessment and conservation of heavily degraded Korean stone Buddha from the ninth century". Studies in Conservation, 51, p305-316, (2006).
7 문명대, "백제 서산마애삼존불상의 도상해석". 미술사학연구, 221.222, p5-32, (1999).
8 박성상, "서산마애삼존불상 연구". 문화사학, 24, p45-58, (2005).
9 김영택, 이찬희, 이명성, "부여 정림사지 오층석탑의 보존과학적 풍화훼손도 평가". 자원환경지질, 36, p675-687, (2005).   과학기술학회마을
10 Illiev, I.G., "An attempt to estimate the degree of weathering of intrusive rocks from their physico-mechanical properties". Proceedings of the First International Congress, International Society of Rock Mechanics, Lisbon, 1, p109-114, (1966).
11 홍정기, 엄두성, 김순관, "원각사지10층석탑 보호각 내부 보존환경 조사연구". 보존과학연구, 23, p95-112, (2002).
12 Eckhart, F.E.W, "Microorganisms and weathering of a sandstone monument". Environmental Biochemistry and Geomicrobiology, 2, Ed, W.E, Krumbein, Ann Arbor Sci. Puble. Inc, p675-686, (1978).
13 서산시청, (주) 씨앤티, "서산마애삼존불상 보존처리공사". p109-196, (2008).
14 신병우, 소칠섭, 박봉순, 이상헌, "해미도폭 지질보고서 (1:50,000)". 한국동력자원연구소, (1989).
15 Billings, W.D., "Vegetation and plant growth as affected by chemically altered rocks in the Western Great Basin". Ecology, 31, p62-74, (1950).   DOI   ScienceOn
16 김지영, 박선미, 이찬희, "논산 개태사지석불입상의 손상도와 보호각 내부의 미기후 환경". 보존과학회지, 25, p179-196, (2009b).   과학기술학회마을
17 박성미, 이찬희, 이명성, 김사덕, "화순 운주사 석조불감의 보존환경 및 미기상 분석". 자원환경지질, 42, p73-84, (2009)   과학기술학회마을
18 홍정기, 엄두성, "국보 제24호 석굴암의 보존환경". 보존과학연구, 24, p169-186, (2003).
19 홍정기, 엄두성, 정용재, 모리 마사유키, "석조문화재 보호각의 보존환경 연구(I)-경주배리석불입상, 서산마애삼존불상을 중심으로-". 보존과학연구, 26, p141-164, (2005).
20 김지영, 이찬희, 이명성, "경주석빙고의 정량적 훼손도 평가와 미기후환경 분석". 보존과학회지, 25, p25-38, (2009a).   과학기술학회마을
21 조영훈, 이찬희, 전성원, "증평 남하리사지 마애불상군의 재질특성과 훼손도 평가". 지질학회지, 43, p501-515, (2007).