Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2020.0717

Establishment of Optimum Extraction Conditions and Wrinkle Improvement Evaluation of Glycosaminoglycans in Styela plicata  

Neri, Therese Ariane N. (Department of Seafood Science and Technology/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University)
Choi, Byeong-Dae (Department of Seafood Science and Technology/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences / v.53, no.5, 2020 , pp. 717-724 More about this Journal
Abstract
Styela plicata are naturally-occurring marine resources easily found along the coastlines that have established their niche as functional food and nutraceuticals ingredient along with their increasing consumer demand. Ascidian contain a large amount of dietary fiber but only the meat has been utilized and consumed while the rest of its parts are discarded. Also, various studies have been conducted on the meat of ascidians while studies on the functionality of the ascidian tunics, which were mostly undervalued, were scarce. In this study, we investigated and explored the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) contents in the tunics of S. plicata, and their potential use as functional ingredient in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Sulfated GAGs and uronic acids contents were 8.9-10.7 g/100 g and 9.4-11.3 g/100 g, respectively. Highest GAGs content was extracted with optimum Brix at 7-9. Extraction efficiency using hot water at 121℃ was 4.22% while enzyme extraction using Protamex was more efficient at 5.91%. GAGs extracted from S. plicata tunics exhibited collagenase inhibitory activity of 75.2% at 100 ㎍/mL and procollagen synthesis activity of 80.1% at 100 ㎍/mL.
Keywords
Collagenase inhibition; Extraction efficiency; Glycosaminoglycans; Procollagen synthesis; Styela plicata;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 14  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Blix G. 1948. The determination of hexosamines according to Elson and Morgan. Acta Chem Scand 2, 467-473. https://doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.02-0467.   DOI
2 Campo GM, Avenoso A, Campo S, D'Ascola A, Traina P, Sama D and Calatroni A. 2009. Glycosaminoglycans modulate inflammation and apoptosis in LPS-treated chondrocytes. J Cell Biochem 106, 83-92. http://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.21981.   DOI
3 Campo GM, Avenoso A, Campo S, Ferlazzo AM, Altavilla D and Calatroni A. 2003. Efficacy of treatment with glycosaminoglycans on experimental collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Arthritis Res Ther 5, R122-R131. https://doi.org/10.1186/ar748.   DOI
4 Carrino DA, Sorrell JM and Caplan AI. 2000. Age-related changes in the proteoglycans of human skin. Arch Biochem Biophys 373, 91-101. https://doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1999.1545.   DOI
5 Cesaretti M, Luppi E, Maccari F and Volpi N. 2003. A 96-well assay for uronic acid carbazole reaction. Carbohydr Polym 54, 59-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8617(03)00144-9.   DOI
6 Cui YR, Kim HS, Je JG, Wang L, Oh JY, Jia L and Jeon YJ. 2019. Protective effects of antioxidant active fractions derived from the edible seaweed Hizikia fusiformis in oxidatively stressed human dermal fibroblasts. Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 52, 35-42. https://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2019.0035.   DOI
7 El-Domyati M, Attia S, Saleh F, Brown D, Birk DE, Gasparro F, Ahmad H and Uitto J. 2002. Intrinsic aging vs. photoaging: a comparative histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of skin. Exp Dermatol 11, 398-405. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0625.2002.110502.x.   DOI
8 Kim SK and Byun HG. 2018. Production and biological applications for marine proteins and peptides- An overview. Food Sci Indus 51, 278-301.
9 Kwak JY. 2014. Fucoidan as a marine anticancer agent in preclinical development. Mar Drugs 12, 851-870. https://doi.org/10.3390/md12020851.   DOI
10 Kwon MC, Kim HC, Kim SH, Syed AQ, Hwang BY and Lee HY. 2007. Anti-wrinkle activity of low molecular weight peptides derived from the collagen isolated from Asterias amurensis. Korean J Food Sci Technol 39, 625-629.
11 Lee CH, Shin SL, Kim NR, Yoon SE, Kim SI, Baek SH and Hwang JK. 2009. Changes of antioxidant effects according to greening period of astragalus membranaceus var. membranaceus, senna occidentalis, dianthus longicalyx, and plantago asiatica sprout vegetables. Korean J Plant Re 22, 349-358.
12 Lee DH and Hong JH. 2014. Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Styela plicata by extraction conditions. J Chitin Chitosan 19, 130-137.
13 Pavao MS, Albano RM, Lawson AM and Mourao PA. 1989. Structural heterogeneity among unique sulfated-L-galactans from different species of ascidians (tunicate). J Biol Chem 264, 9972-9979.   DOI
14 Farndale RW, Buttle DJ and Barrett AJ. 1986. Improved quantitation and discrimination of sulphated glycosaminoglycans by use of dimethylmethylene blue. BBA Gen Subjects 883, 173-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4165(86)90306-5.   DOI
15 Lee DH and Hong JH. 2015. Immune-enhancing effects of polysaccharides isolated from ascidian Halocynthia roretzi tunic. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 44, 673-680. http://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.5.673.   DOI
16 Lee DH, Oh JH and Chung JH. 2016. Glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan in skin aging. J Dermatol Sci 83, 174-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.05.016.   DOI
17 Lee SH. 2011. Current status and prospect of nutraceuticals from marine algae. Bull Food Technol 24, 165-175.
18 Lee SM, Lee YR, Cho KS, Cho YN, Lee HA, Hwamg DY, Jung YJ and Son HJ. 2015. Stalked sea squirt Styela clava tunic waste as a valuable bioresource: Cosmetic and antioxidant activities. Process Biochem 50, 1977-1984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2015.07.018.   DOI
19 Park SH, Lee JK, Jeon JK and Byun HG. 2011. Characterization of a collagenase-1 inhibitory peptide purified from skate Dipturus chilensis skin. Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 44, 456-463. http://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2011.0456.   DOI
20 Park SH and Yang JC. 2018. Studies on the stability of natural pigment extracted from Ascidian shell. J Oil Appl Sci 35, 292-298. http://doi.org/10.12925/jkocs.2018.35.1.292.   DOI
21 Perlish JS, Lemlich G and Fleischmajer R. 1988. Identification of collagen fibrils in scleroderma skin. J Invest Dermatol 90, 48-54. https://doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12462561.   DOI
22 Saha AK and Brewer CF. 1994. Determination of the concentrations of oligosaccharides, complex type carbohydrates, and glycoproteins using the phenol-sulfuric acid method. Carbohydr Res 254, 157-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6215(94)84249-3.   DOI
23 Shin YK, Park JJ, Park MS, Myeong JI and Hur YB. 2014. Effect of temperature and dissolved oxygen on the survival rate and physiological response of the warty sea squirt Styela clava. Korean J Environ Biol 32, 216-224. http://doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2014.32.3.216.   DOI
24 Wang X, Wang J, Zhang J, Zhao B, Yao J and Wang Y. 2010. Structure-antioxidant relationships of sulfated galactomannan from guar gum. Int J Biol Macromol 46, 59-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.10.004.   DOI
25 Wang W, Wang SX and Guan HS. 2012. The antiviral activities and mechanisms of marine polysaccharides: An overview. Mar Drugs 10, 2795-2816. https://doi.org/10.3390/md10122795.   DOI
26 Wlaschek M, Tantcheva-Poor I, Naderi L, Ma W, Schneider LA, Razi-Wolf Z, Schuller J and Scharffetter-Kochanek K. 2001. Solar UV irradiation and dermal photoaging. J Photochem Photobiol B 63, 41-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(01)00201-9.   DOI
27 Jee HK, Cho YJ, Kim CT, Jang YS and Kim CJ. 2006. Increase of solubility of Ginseng radix by extrusion cooking. Korean J Food Sci Technol 38, 361-368.
28 Albertini R, Passi A, Abuja PM and De Luca G. 2000. The effect of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans on lipid peroxidation. Int J Mol Med 6, 129-136. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.6.2.129.
29 Anderegg U, Simon JC and Averbeck M. 2014. More than just a filler‑the role of hyaluronan for skin homeostasis. Exp Dermatol 23, 295-303. https://doi.org/10.1111/exd.12370.   DOI
30 Hong BI, Jung BC, Jung WJ, Ruck JH, Choi BD, Lee KH. 2002. Utilization of pigments and tunic components of ascidian as an improved feed aids for aquaculture: 3. Functional properties of sulfated polysaccharides from ascidian Halocynthia roretzi tunic. J Korean Fish Soc 35, 671-675.
31 Jeon SH and Yi DH. 2014. Effects of alliin on cellular protection, up-regulation of collagen and down-regulation of MMP1 in human dermal fibroblasts. Korean J Aesthet Cosmetol 12, 249-258.
32 Jeong SH. 2003. Characterization of glycosaminoglycans from the ascidian tunic. MS thesis, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, 1-46.
33 Jung JH. 2017. Anti-cancer effect of marine resources against human colorectal cancer cells. J Food Hyg Saf 32, 70-74. https://doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2017.32.1.70.   DOI
34 Kim BJ, No YA, Lee Y, Kim MN, Hong CK, Yoo KH, Kim YM, Hwang JH and Kong SY. 2015. Use of cream containing mucus secreted by snails has an anti-aging effect on skin. Korean J Dermatol 53, 430-436.
35 Kim JJ, Kim SJ, Kim SH, Park HR and Lee SC. 2005. Antioxidant and anticancer activities of extracts from Styela plicata. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 34, 937-941. https://doi.org/10.3746/ jkfn.2005.34.7.937.   DOI
36 Na JT, Bak DH, Im SI, Choi HT, Hwang JH, Kong SY, No YA, Lee YH and Kim BJ. 2018. Anti‑apoptotic effects of glycosaminoglycans via inhibition of ERK/AP‑1 signaling in TNF‑${\alpha}$‑stimulated human dermal fibroblasts. Inter J Mol Med 41, 3090-3098. https://doi.org/ 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3483.   DOI
37 Lim MS, Han SB, Kwon SS, Park MA and Park SN. 2012. Elastic liposome formulation for transdermal delivery of rutin. J Soc Cosmet Scient Korea 38, 147-154. https://doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2012.38.2.147.   DOI
38 Lindahl U, Couchman J, Kimata, K and Esko JD. 2009. Proteoglycans and sulfated glycosaminoglycans. In: Essentials of Glycobiology 2nd ed. Varki A, Cummings RD, Esko JD, Freeze HH, Stanley P, Bertozzi CR, Hart GW, Etzler ME, eds. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, NY, U.S.A., 229-248.
39 Kim MJ, Kim WB, Hwang JH, Kim SA, Kim BR, Koo KY, Son HJ, Hwang DY, Jung YJ and Lee HS. 2016. Characterization of Styela clava tunic after alkaline treatment. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 45, 690-695. http://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2016.45.5.690.   DOI
40 Kim SH, Jun DH, Jang MJ, Lee JT, Lee CE, Han JG, Kim JC and Lee DH. 2010. Study of cosmeceutical activities of Hovenia dulcis var. koreana nakai extracts. J Korean For Soc 99, 836-842.
41 Oh GW and Jung WK. 2015. Biomedical materials for regenerating bone tissue utilizing marine invertebrate. Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 48, 1-15. http://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2015.0001.   DOI
42 Pak WM, Kim KBWR, Kim MJ, Park JH, Bae NY, Park SH and Ahn DH. 2016. Anti-melanogenesis and anti-wrinkle effects of Sargassum micracanthum extracts. Microbiol Biotechnol Lett 44, 19-25. https://doi.org/10.4014/mbl.1510.10002.   DOI
43 Panwar P, Butler GS, Jamroz A, Azizi P, Overall CM and Bromme D. 2017. Aging‑associated modifications of collagen affect its degradation by matrix metalloproteinases. Matrix Biol 65, 30-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2017.06.004.   DOI
44 Park EK, Ahn SR, Kim DH, Lee EW, Kwon HJ, Kim BW and Kim TH. 2014. Effects of unripe apple polyphenols on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and type-1 procollagen in ultraviolet irradiated human skin fibroblasts. J Korean Soc Appl Biol Chem 57, 449-455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13765-014-4128-7.   DOI
45 Park SH, Jeong SB and Choi BD. 2013. Immuno- and anti-cancer activities of Halocynthia roretzi tunic extracts on cells. J Agric Life Sci 47, 163-170.