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http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2016.0454

Change in Concentrations of Human Norovirus and Male-Specific Coliphage under Various Temperatures, Salinities, and pH Levels in Seawater  

Kim, Poong Ho (Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Park, Yong Soo (Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Park, Kunbawui (Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Kwon, Ji Young (Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Yu, Hong Sik (West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Lee, Hee Jung (South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Kim, Ji Hoe (Research and Development Planning Department, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Lee, Tae Seek (Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences / v.49, no.4, 2016 , pp. 454-459 More about this Journal
Abstract
Pre- or post-harvest processing is required to mitigate the risk of norovirus infection mediated by shellfish or seafood. We investigated the environmental resistance of human norovirus (HuNoV) under various conditions of temperature, salinity, and pH in seawater. Male-specific coliphage (MSC) was as the reference virus for all tests. At 4℃, HuNoV GII4 spiked into seawater was continually detected by RT-PCR for 35 days, regardless of salinity or pH level. It maintained nearly stable concentrations, meaning HuNoV can sustain a viral population in seawater long enough to be accumulated by shellfish and other filter feeders during winter. MSC was also stable at 4℃ although viral infectivity dropped sharply after 28 days. The effects of salinity and pH on MSC were indistinct. At 25℃ the detectable period of HuNoV GII4 by RT-PCR in seawater decreased to about one-third or half of the period at 4℃. High salinity (32 psu) and alkaline pH (8.5) were also unfavorable for sustaining HuNoV abundance at 25℃ in seawater. The resistance patterns of MSC to high temperature, high salinity, and alkaline pH were more dramatic and viral infectivity decreased over time, almost in direct proportion to experimental days. MSC was undetectable after 12 days under all salinities and pH levels at 25℃.
Keywords
Male specific coliphage; Norovirus; pH; Salinity; Seawater;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
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