Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2014.0840

Effect of Ammonia Concentration in Rearing Water on Growth and Blood Components of the Parrotfish Oplegnathus fasciatus  

Park, Seongdeok (Department of Marine Biotechnology, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Kim, Pyong Kih (Department of Marine Bio-Science, Gangwon Provincial College)
Jeon, Joong-Kyun (Department of Marine Biotechnology, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences / v.47, no.6, 2014 , pp. 840-846 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study investigated growth and hematological changes in parrotfish Oplegnathus fasciatus (~200 g/fish) reared under different total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentrations (0, 4, or 8 mg/L) for 6 weeks. Survival rates of parrotfish in all experimental groups did not significantly differ, as they were all ~100%. Although specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain, and daily feed intake in the high TAN concentration group (TAN8) were significantly lower than in the other two groups, there was no significant difference between the TAN4 group and the control group, (TAN0), indicating that parrotfish have a strong resistance to ammonia toxicity. As for temporal changes of the major blood components, cortisol increased as a result of stress caused by the high ammonia concentration in the TAN8 group. For this reason, the concentrations of energy sources such as glucose and total cholesterol were reduced. However, there was little difference among all experimental groups in concentrations of liver function glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and nutrient factors, such as total protein and albumin.
Keywords
Oplegnathus fasciatus; Parrotfish; Total ammonia nitrogen; Growth; Blood chemistry;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Alderson R. 1979. The effect of ammonia on the growth of juvenile Dover sole, Solea solea (L.) and turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.). Aquaculture 17, 291-309.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Avella M, Schreck CB and Prunet P. 1991. Plasma prolactin and cortisol concentrations of stressed coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in freshwater. Gen Comp Endocrinol 81, 21-27.   DOI
3 Biswas AK, Seoka M, Ueno K, Yong ASK, Biswas BK, Kim YS, Takii K and Kumai H. 2008. Growth performance and physiological responses in striped knifejaw, Oplegnathus fasciatus, held under different photoperiods. Aquaculture 279, 42-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.04.007.   DOI
4 Bower CE and Bidwell JP. 1978. Ionization of ammonia in seawater effects of temperature, pH and salinity. J Fish Res Bd Can 35, 1012-1016.   DOI
5 Chin P, Shin YK, Kim HG, Lee JS and Kim HS. 1998. Biological study on the increment of survival rate during early life cycle in the rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli (Telostei: Scorpaenidae) I. Effects of ammonia on survival and growth of the larvae and juveniles stage. Kor J Ichthyol 10, 98-105.   과학기술학회마을
6 Colt J and Armstrong. 1981. Nitrogen toxicity to crustacean, fish and Mollusca. In: Proceeding of the Bio-engineering Symposium for Fish Culture. Allen LJ and Kinney EC, eds. America Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A., 34-37.
7 Forster RP and Goldstein L. 1969. Formation of excretory product. In: Fish Physiology. Hoar WE and Randall DJ, eds. Academic Press, New York, U.S.A., 313-345.
8 Foss A, Evensen TH, Vollen T and Oiestad V. 2003. Effects of chronic ammonia exposure on growth and food conversion efficiency in juvenile spotted wolffish. Aquaculture 228, 215-224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00276-X.   DOI
9 Foss A, Siikavuopio TH, Sæther BS and Evensen TH. 2004. Effect of chronic ammonia exposure on growth in juvenile Atlantic cod. Aquaculture 237, 179-189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.03.013.   DOI
10 Foss A, Imsland AK, Roth B, Schram E and Stefansson SO. 2009. Effects of chronic and periodic exposure to ammonia on growth and blood physiology in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Aquaculture 296, 45-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.07.013.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 FFI. 1996. Inter Eascann eel farm is the first in Ireland. Fish Farming International 23, 3.
12 Johansson O and Wedborg MG. 1980. The ammonia-ammonium equilibrium in seawater at temperatures between 5 and 25 degrees C. J Chem Soc 9, 37-44.
13 Ip YK, Lim CB, Chew SF, Wilson JM and Randall DJ. 2001. Partial amino acid catabolism leading to the formation of alanine in Periophthalmadon schlosseri (mudskipper): a strategy that facilitates the use of amino acids as an energy source during locomotory on land. J Exp Biol 204, 1615-1624.
14 Jeney G, Nemesok J, Jeney Z and Olah J. 1992. Acute effect of sublethal ammonia concentrations on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) II. Effect of ammonia on blood plasma transaminases (GOT, GPT), GIDH enzyme activity and ATP value. Aquaculture 104, 149-156.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Jeon JK, Kim PK, Park YJ, Myoung JG and Kim JM. 2000. Changes of serum cortisol concentration and stress responses in coho salmon (corhynchus kisutch) to netting. J Kor Fish Soc 33, 115-118.
16 Kang YJ, Lee SM, Hwang HK and Bai SC. 1998. Optimum dietary protein and lipid levels on growth in parrot Fish (Oplegnathus fasciatus). J Aquacult 11, 1-10.   과학기술학회마을
17 Kim PK. 2011. Effects of stocking density and dissolved oxygen concentration on the growth and hematology of the parrotfish Oplegnathus fasciatus in a recirculationg aquaculture stsrem (RAS). Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 44, 747-752. http://dx.doi.org/10. 5657/KFAS.2011.0747.
18 Lang T, Peters G, Hoffmann R and Meyer E. 1987. Experimental investigations on the toxicity of ammonia-effects on ventilation frequency, growth, epidermal mucous cells, and gill structure of rainbow-trout Salmo gairdneri. Dis Aquat Ogr 3, 159-165.   DOI
19 McKenzie DJ, Randall DJ, Lin H and Aota S. 1993. Effects of changes in plasma pH, $CO_2$ and ammonia on ventilation in trout. Fish Physiol Biochem 10, 507-515.   DOI
20 Lemarie G, Dosdat A, Coves D, Dutto G, Gasset G and P.-Le Ruyet, J. 2004. Effect of chronic ammonia exposure on growth of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Aquaculture 229, 479-491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00392-2.   DOI
21 Meade JW. 1985. Allowable ammonia for fish culture. Prog Fish Cult 3, 135-145.
22 Oh SY, Noh CH, Kang RS and Myoung JG. 2006. Effects of water temperature and photoperiod on the oxygen consumption rate of fasted juvenile parrot fish, Oplegnathus fasciatus. Ocean and Polar Res 28, 407-413.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
23 Park J. 2005. Design and performance of pilot recirculating aquaculture system for abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Ph.D. Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea.
24 Park J, Kim PK, Lim T and Daniels HV. 2013. Ozonation seawater recirculating system for black seabream Acanthopagrus schlegelii (Bleeker): Effects on solids, bacteria, water clarity, and color. Aquacult Eng 55, 1-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2013.01. 002.   DOI
25 Paust LO, Foss A and Imsland AK. 2011. Effects of chronic and periodic exposure to ammonia on growth, food conversion efficiency and blood physiology in juvenile Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.). Aquaculture 315, 400-406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.03.008.   DOI
26 Pinto W, Arago C, Soares F, Dinis MT and Conceicao LEC. 2007. Growth, stress response and free amino acid levels in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup 1858) chronically exposed to exogenous ammonia. Aquac Res 38, 1198-1204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01788.x.   DOI
27 Remen M, Imsland AK, Stefansson SO, Jonassen TM and Foss A. 2008. Interactive effects of ammonia and oxygen on growth and physiological status of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Aquaculture 274, 292-299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquacuture. 2007.11.032.   DOI
28 Randall DJ and Wright PA. 1987. Ammonia distribution and excretion in fish. Fish Physiol Biochem 3, 107-120.   DOI
29 Russo RC. 1985. Ammonia, nitrite and nitrate. In: Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology. Hemisphere Publishing. Rand GM and Petrocelli SR, eds. Washington DC, U.S.A., 455-471.
30 Russo RC and Turston RV. 1991. Toxicity of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate to fishes. Aquaculture and water quality. Brune E and Tomasso JR. eds. Advances in World Aquaculture. Vol. 3. The World Aquaculture Society. Louisiana, U.S.A., 58-89.
31 Schreck CB. 1981. Stress and compensation in teleotean fishes : responses to social and physical factors. In Stress in Fish. Pickering AS, ed. Academic Press, London, U.K., 295-321.
32 Selye H. 1973. The evolution of the stress concepts. American Scientist 61, 692-699.
33 Son MH, Jeon IG, Cho KC and Kim KS. 2000. Ammonia removal rate on ammonia loading rates in seawater filtering system using rotating biological contactor (RBC). J Kor Fish Soc 33, 367-372.   과학기술학회마을
34 Suh KH, Kim BJ and Jeon IG. 2001. Design and Development of Integrated Recirculating Aquaculture System. J Kor Fish Soc 34, 70-76.   과학기술학회마을
35 Thurston R, Russo RC and Vinogradov GA. 1981. Ammonia toxicity to fishes - effect of pH on the toxicity of the unionized ammonia species. Environ Sci Technol 15, 837-840.   DOI
36 Waring CP, Stagg RM and Poxton MG. 1992. The effects of handling on flounder (Platichthys flesus L.) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). J Fish Biol 41, 131-144.   DOI
37 Van Rijn J. 1996. The potential for integrated biological treatment systems in recirculating fish culture - A review. Aquaculture 139, 181-201.   DOI   ScienceOn
38 Wajsbrot N, Gasith A, Krom MD and Popper DM. 1991. Acute toxicity of ammonia to juvenile gilthead seabream Sparus aurata under reduced oxygen levels. Aquaculture 92, 277-288.   DOI
39 Wajsbrot N, Gasith A, Diamant A and Popper DM. 1993. Chronic toxicity of ammonia to juvenile gilthead seabream Sparus aurata and related histopathological effects. J Fish Biol 42, 321-328.   DOI   ScienceOn