Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2014.0597

Effects of Starvation, Water Temperature, and Water Flow on the Metamorphosis of Leptocephalus of Japanese Eel Anguilla japonica  

Kim, Dae-Jung (New Strategy Research Center, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute)
Lee, Nam-Sil (New Strategy Research Center, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute)
Kim, Kyung-Kil (New Strategy Research Center, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute)
Chang, Dae-Soo (New Strategy Research Center, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences / v.47, no.5, 2014 , pp. 597-602 More about this Journal
Abstract
We determined the effects of starvation, water temperature, and water flow on the onset of metamorphosis in leptocephali of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. Leptocephali larger than 50 mm (ca. 200 days old) were reared in 10-L tanks under different feeding, water temperature, and water flow regimes. Fasted leptocephali metamorphosed earlier and faster than did the fed ones. Metamorphosis was faster in the high water flow tank (1.2 L/min) than in the tank with flow at 0.6 L/min. The duration of metamorphosis was slightly shorter at $26^{\circ}C$ than at $23^{\circ}C$. To conclude, starvation induced the metamorphosis of artificially produced leptocephali larger than 50 mm TL. Increased water flow and water temperature both appear to induce and shorten metamorphosis.
Keywords
Anguilla japonica; Metamorphosis; Starvation; Water flow; Water temperature;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Arai T, Aoyama J, Limbong D and Tsukamoto K. 1999. Species composition and inshore migration of the tropical eels Anguilla spp, recruiting to the estuary of the Poigar River, Sulawesi Island. Mar Ecol Prg Ser 188, 299-303.   DOI
2 Arai T, Limbong D, Otake T and Tsukamoto K. 2001. Recruitment mechanisms of tropical eels Anguilla spp. and implications for the evolution of oceanic migration in the genus Anguilla. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 216, 253-264.   DOI
3 Chen HL, Shen KN, Chang CW, Iizuka Y and Tzeng WN. 2008. Effecs of water temperature, salinity and feeding regimes on metamorphosis, growth and otolith Sr:Ca ratios of Megalops cyprinoides leptocephali. Aquat Biol 3, 41-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ab00062.   DOI
4 Kawakami Y, Mochioka H and Nakazono A. 1998. Immigration period and age of Anguilla japonica glass eels entering rivers in northern Kyushu, Japan during 1994. Fish Sci 64, 235-239.   DOI
5 Kim DJ, Bae JY and Kim EO. 2007a. Changes in sex steroid hormones and ovarian development during artificial maturation of female eel, Anguilla japonica. Integra Biosci 11, 117-124.   DOI
6 Kim DJ, Kang EJ, Bae JY, Park MW and Kim EO. 2007b. Development of the eggs and pre-leptocephalus larvae by natural spawning of artificially matured Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. J Aquacult 20, 160-167.   과학기술학회마을
7 Kuroki M, Fukuda N, Yamada Y, Okamura A and Tsukamoto K. 2010. Morphological changes and otolith growth during metamorphosis of Japanese eel leptocephali in captivity. Coast Mar Sci 34, 31-38.
8 Kim DJ, Kim EO, Park MW, Cho YC and Lim SG. 2006a. Plasma sex steroid hormone profiles in artificially maturing wild eel, Anguilla japonica. J Aquacult 19, 267-274.   과학기술학회마을
9 Kim DJ, Lee NS, Kim SK, Lee BI, Kim SK and Kim KK. 2013. Development changes in the external structure of the head and the histological structure of the eye in artificially reared Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, leptocephalus and glass eel. J Life Sci 23, 1288-1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2013.23.10.1288.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Kim EO, Bae JY, Lim SG, Son MH, Park MW, Park MS, Cho YC and Kim DJ. 2006b. Plasma sex steroid hormone profiles and testicular development in artificially maturing cultured male eel, Anguilla japonica. J Kor Fish Soc 39, 466-471.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
11 Lecomte-Finger R. 1992. Growth history and age at recruitment of European glass eels (Anguilla anguilla) as revealed by otolith microstructure. Mar Biol 114, 205-210.   DOI
12 Pedersen BH. 2003. Induced sexual maturation of the European eel Anguilla anguilla and fertilization of eggs. Aquaculture 224, 323-338.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Okamura A, Yamada Y, Mikawa N, Horie N and Tsukamoto K. 2012. Effect of starvation, body size, and temperature on the onset of metamorphosis in Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica). Can J Zool 90, 1378-1385. http://dx.doi.org/cjz-2012-0146.   DOI
14 Oliveira K and Hable WE. 2010. Artificial maturation, fertilization, and early development of the American eel (Anguilla rostrata). Can J Zool 88, 1121-1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z10-081.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Palstra AP, Cohen EGH, Miemantsverdriet PRW, van Ginneken VJT and van den Thillart GEEJM. 2005. Artificial maturation and reproduction of European silver eel: Development of oocytes during final maturation. Aquaculture 249, 533-547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005. 04.031.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Pedersen BH. 2004. Fertilization of eggs, rate of embryonic development and hatching following induced maturation of the European eel Anguilla anguilla. Aquaculture 237, 461-473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(03)00242-4.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Pfeiler E. 1999. Developmental physiology of elopmoph leptocephali. Comp Biochem Physiol A 123, 113-128   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Rousseau K and Dufour S. 2012. Introduction to fish first and secondary metamorphoses. In: Metamorphosis in fish. Dufour S, Rousseau K and Kapoor BG, eds. CRC press. Taylor& Francis group, Oxford, UK, 1-11.
19 Tabeta O, Tanaka K. Yamada J and Tzeng WN. 1987. Aspects of the early life history of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica determined from otolith microstructure. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 53, 1727-1734.   DOI
20 Shinoda A, Aoyama J, Miller MJ, Otake T, Mochioka N, Watanabe S, Minegish Y, Kuroki M, Yoshinaga T, Yokouchi K, Fukuda N, Sudo R, Hagihara S, Zenimoto K, Suzuki Y, Oya M, Inagaki T, Kimura S, Fukui A, Lee TW and Tsukamoto K. 2011. Evaluation of the larval distribution and migration of the Japanese eel in the Western North Pacific. Rev Fish Biol Fish 21, 591-611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-010-9195-1.   DOI
21 Watanabe N, Fukui A, Suzuki N and Uotani I. 2004. Relationship between water temperature and metamorphosis of conger eel leptocephali in laboratory Metamorphosis and water temperature of conger eel leptocephali. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 70, 66-68.   DOI
22 Tanaka H, Kagawa H and Ohta H. 2001. Production of leptocephali of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in captivity. Aquaculture 201, 51-60.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Tanaka H, Kagawa H, Ohta H, Unuma T and Nomura K. 2003. The first production of glass eel in captivity: fish reproductive physiology facilitates great progress in aquaculture. Fish Physiol Biochem 28, 493-497.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Tsukamoto K. 1992. Discovery of the spawning area for the Japanese eel. Nature 356, 789-791.   DOI
25 Yamamoto K and Yamauchi K. 1974. Sexual maturation of Japanese eel and production of eel larvae in the aquarium. Nature 351, 220-222.
26 Yamano K, Tagawa M, Jesus EG, Hirano T, Miwa S and Inui Y. 1991. Changes in whole body concentrations of thyroid hormones and cortisol in metamorphosing conger eel. J Comp Physiol B 161, 371-377.   DOI
27 Masuda Y, Imaizumi H, Oda K, Hashimoto H, Teruya K and Usuki H. 2011. Japanese eel Anguilla japonica larvae can metamorphose into glass eel within 131 days after hatching in captivity. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 77, 416-418. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.77.416.   DOI
28 Yamauchi K, Nakamura M, Takahashi H and Takano K. 1976. Cultivation of larvae of Japanese eel. Nature 263,412.
29 Lokman PM and Young G. 2000. Induced spawning and early ontogeny of New Zealand freshwater eels (Anguilla dieffenbachia and A. australis). New Zealand J Mar Fresh Res 34, 135-145.   DOI
30 Marui M, Arai T, Miller MJ, Jellyman DJ and Tsukamoto K. 2001. Comparison of early life history between New Zealand temperate eels and Pacific tropical eels revealed by otolth microstructure and microchemistry. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 213, 273-284.   DOI
31 Masuda Y, Imaizumi H, Oda K, Hashimoto H, Usuki H and Teruya K. 2012. Artificial completion of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica, life cycle: Challenge to mass production. Bull Fish Res Agen 35, 111-117.
32 Miller MJ, Wouthuyzen S. Minagawa G, Aoyama J and Tsukamoto K. 2006. Distribution and ecology of leptocephali of the congrid eel, Ariosoma scheelei, around Sulawesi Island, Indonesia. Mar Biol 148, 1101-1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-0144-9.   DOI
33 Miller MJ. 2009. Ecology of anguilliform leptocephali: remarkable transparent fish larvae of the ocean surface layer. Aqua-Bio Sci Monogr 2, 1-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5047/absm.2009.00204.0001.   DOI
34 Otake T. 2003. Metamorphosis. In: Eel biology. Aida K, Tsukamoto K and Yamauchi K, eds. Springer-Verlag, Tokyo, Japan, 61-74.
35 Mochioka N. 2003. Leptocephali, In: Eel biology. Aida K, Tsukamoto K and Yamauchi K, eds. Springer-Verlag, Tokyo, Japan, 51-60.