Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5807/kjohn.2022.31.1.1

The Impact of Fear and Perception of Infection Risk on Depression among Service Workers during Covid-19  

Jeon, Eun-Byeol (Graduate School of Public Health, The Catholic University of Korea)
Baek, Eun-Mi (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Cho, Se-In (Graduate School of Public Health, The Catholic University of Korea)
Jeong, Yulliana (Graduate School of Public Health, The Catholic University of Korea)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing / v.31, no.1, 2022 , pp. 1-10 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the impact of fear and perception of infection risk on depression among service workers during prolonged Covid-19 service, and to provide basic data on the impact of COVID-19 prevention on the psychological health of service workers. Methods: Data were collected from workers nationwide from May 24 to 31, 2021. The data were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis, using SPSS 28. Results: It was found that 44.3% of the participants experienced depression (PHQ-9 total scores ≥ 10) during the Covid-19 pandemic. The general characteristics of service workers that made a difference in the level of depression were health status, smoking, and perception of infection risk. Conclusion: Social support from institutions is needed to treat depression caused by Covid-19 among workers in the service sector.
Keywords
COVID-19; Service workers; Depression; Fear;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Asmundson, G., & Taylor, S. (2020). Coronaphobia: Fear and the 2019-nCoV outbreak. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 70, 102196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102196   DOI
2 Baker, M. G., Peckham, T. K., & Seixas, N. S. (2020). Estimating the burden of United States workers exposed to infection or disease: A key factor in containing risk of COVID-19 infection. PLOS ONE, 15(4), e0232452. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232452   DOI
3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, August 14). Mental Health, Substance Use, and Suicidal Ideation During the Covid-19 Pandemic-United States, June 24-30, 2020. Retrieved May 20, 2021, from: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6932a1.htm?s_cid=mm6932a1_w
4 Choi, E. P. H., Hui, B. P. H., & Wan, E. Y. F. (2020). Depression and Anxiety in Hong Kong during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3740.   DOI
5 Giorgi, G., Lecca, L. I., Alessio, F., Finstad, G. L., Bondanini, G., Lulli, L. G., et al. (2020). COVID-19-Related Mental Health Effects in the Workplace: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Environmental Research And Public Health, 17(21), 7857. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217857   DOI
6 Huang, Y., & Zhao, N. (2020). Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Research, 288, 112954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954   DOI
7 Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2021, May 30). Domestic Occurrences. Retrieved May 30, 2021, from http://ncov.mohw.go.kr/bdBoardList_Real.do
8 International Labour Organization. (2020, June 30). ILO Monitor: COVID-19 and the World of Work. fifth edition updated estimated and analysis. Retrieved September 7, 2021 from: https://overseas.mofa.go.kr/viewer/skin/doc.html?fn=20200701112124110.pdf&rs=/viewer/result/202108
9 Korea Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. (2021, May 6). COVID-19 National Mental Health Survey. Retrieved June 20, 2021 from http://kstss.kr/?p=2301
10 Lee, S. B. (2021). Effects of change in employment status before/after the COVID-19 on the depression change: Moderating effects of age. The Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 21, 12(3), 1213-1226.   DOI
11 Moon, J. H., Linton, J. A., Choi, J. H., Kim, J. E., Lee, J. Y., & Jo, S. H. (2019). Correlation between smoking and depression in Korean adult group: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014). Korean Journal of Family Practice, 9(4), 383-388.   DOI
12 Moon, J., Kim, S., & Seong, K. (2021). An exploratory study on COVID-19 phobia and influencing factors. Journal of Social Science, 32(1), 285-307.   DOI
13 Semple, S., & Cherrie, J. W. (2020). Covid-19: Protecting worker health. Annals of Work Exposures and Health, 64(5), 461-464. https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxaa033   DOI
14 Jo, S. H. (2020, December 15). COVID-19 Depression. HIRA ISSUE, 15. Retrieved May 15, 2021, from: https://repository.hira.or.kr/handle/2019.oak/2506
15 Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., & Williams, J. B. (1999). Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: The PHQ primary care study. Primary care evaluation of mental disorders. Patient health questionnaire. JAMA, 282(18), 1737-1744. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.282.18.1737   DOI
16 Tsang, S., Avery, A. R., & Duncan, G. E. (2021). Fear and depression linked to COVID-19 exposure A study of adult twins during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry Research, 296, 113699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113699   DOI
17 Lee, S. Y., Park, S. Y., Kim, E. Y., Yoo, J. H. (2021, May 6). The results of the COVID-19 epidemic epidemiological investigation at the call center. KCDC. Volume 14, No. 19. https://nih.go.kr/board/board.es?mid=a40303030000&bid=0034&act=view&list_no=713237
18 Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2020, March 2). What is Covid 19? Retrieved May 1, 2021, from http://ncov.mohw.go.kr/shBoardView.do?brdId=3&brdGubun=37&ncvContSeq=2252
19 Koh, K. W. (2020). Physical activity guideline for social distancing during COVID-19. Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion, 37(1), 109-112. http://www.riss.kr/link?id=A106659099   DOI
20 Ji, Y. M. (2021). An effect of the COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health of the intern and resident in Soonchunhyang University Hospital (Publication Number master's thesis) Soonchunhyang University Graduate School. Asan.
21 Han, K. M., Shin, C. M., Yoon, H. K., Ko, Y. H., Kim, Y. K., & Han, C. S. (2018). Emotional labor and depressive mood in service and sales workers: Interactions with gender and job autonomy. Psychiatry Research, 267, 490-498.   DOI
22 Yoon, M. S., & Kim, Y. S. (2020). Effects of daily life dysfunction caused by COVID-19 of social workers on depression: Mediating effects of COVID-19 stress. Locality and Globality: Korean Journal of Social Sciences, 44(4), 155-179.   DOI
23 Gu, J. K., Lee, D. H., Kim, C. G, Park, J. H., Lee, S. H., Song, Y. J., et al. (2020). Influence and Countermeasures of COVID-19 on the Service Industry. KIET 4 month: 20-30 retrieved March 8, 2021, from: https://www.kiet.re.kr/kiet_web/main.jsp?sub_num=12&state=view&idx=56250&
24 Lee, M., & You, M. (2020). Psychological and Behavioral Responses in South Korea During the Early Stages of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 2977. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/9/2977   DOI
25 Sasaki, N., Kuroda, R., Tsuno, K., & Kawakami, N. (2020). Workplace responses to COVID-19 associated with mental health and work performance of employees in Japan. Journal of Occupational Health, 62(1), e12134.
26 Mertens, G., Gerritsen, L., Duijndam, S., Salemink, E., & Engelhard, I. M. (2020). Fear of the corona virus (COVID-19): Predictors in an online study conducted in March 2020. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 74, 102258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102258   DOI
27 An, J. Y., Seo, E. R., Lim, K. H., Shin, J. H., & Kim, J. B. (2013). Standardization of the Korean version of screening tool for depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9). Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry, 19, 47-56.
28 Berlin, I., Covey, L. S., Donohue, M. C., & Agostiv, V. (2011). Duration of smoking abstinence and suicide-related outcomes. Nicotine Tob Res, 13, 887-893.   DOI
29 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, October 14). Medical Conditino. Retrieved May 5, 2021, from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/clinical-care/underlyingconditions.html
30 Borritz, M., Bultmann, U., Rugulies, R., Christensen, K. B., Villadsen, E., & Kristensen, T. S. (2005). Psychosocial work characteristics as predictors for burnout: findings from 3-year follow up of the PUMA Study. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 47(10), 1015-1025. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000175155.50789.98   DOI