Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5807/kjohn.2011.20.3.308

Emotional Labor, Social Support, and Depressive Symptoms of Clinical Nurses in a Province, Korea  

Kim, Ha-Ja (Jeju National University Hospital)
Kim, Jeong-Hee (Jeju National University, College of Nursing)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing / v.20, no.3, 2011 , pp. 308-318 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the level of emotional labor, social support, and depressive symptoms of nurses, and the relationships among them. Methods: The data were collected from 314 nurses. Surface and deep-acting scales of the Emotional Labor Scale (ELS), the personal resource questionnaire, the organizational support scale, and the Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Rating Scale for Depression (CES-D) were used. Collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Scheffe test. Results: Fifty six percent of total subjects had mild or major depressive symptoms. As the level of surface-acting of ELS was higher, so was the level of depressive symptoms, while as the level of individual and organizational support was higher, the level of depressive symptoms was lower. Conclusion: It is necessary to provide organizational-level support and to manage surface-acting in order to prevent the nurses' depressive symptoms. In particular, for the nurses who show relatively higher level of depressive symptoms; who are in 20s and have short employed years or not married, it is urgently required to be provided depressive symptoms management programs that targeted for those nurses.
Keywords
Emotional labor; Social support; Depressive symptoms; Nurses;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 10  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Mann, S., & Cowburn, J. (2005). Emotional labour and stress within mental health nursing. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 12, 154-162.   DOI
2 Park, H. J. (2001). A study on the influence of the emotional labor on the employee burnout in the hotel industry. Unpublished master's thesis, Konggi University, Seoul.
3 Pugh, S. D. (2001). Service with smile: Emotional contagion in the service encounter. Academy of Management Journal, 44(5), 1018-1027.   DOI
4 Rafaeli, A., & Worline, M. (2001). Individual emotion in work organizations. Social Science Information, 40(1), 95-123.   DOI
5 Weinert, C. (1988). Measuring social support: Revision and further development of personal resource questionnaire. In C. Waltz & O. Strickland (Ed.), Measuring of Nursing Outcomes, Vol. 1, (pp. 309-327). New York: Springer.
6 Yoon, H. S., Kim, H. L., Kwon, I. S., & Cho, Y. C. (2008). Type A behavior pattern and its association with stress, depression and fatigue in nurses. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 17(2), 180-190.
7 Yoon, S. H. (2004). The effects of organizational managerial characteristics and job characteristics on job stress and job effectiveness. The Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 17(3), 451-466.
8 Yoon, S. H. (2009). Occupational stress and depression in clinical nurses. Journal Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 15(3), 463-470.   과학기술학회마을
9 Zapf, D. (2002). Emotion work and psychological well-being: A review of the literature and some conceptual considerations. Human Resource Management Review, 12, 237-268.   DOI
10 Kim, J. H., & Hyun, M. Y. (2005). The moderating effects of social support between job stress and job satisfaction in staff nurses. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 14(2), 108-116.
11 Kim, J. H., Hyun, M. Y., & Kim, S. Y. (2009). Job stress, depression, social support, and coping strategies of clinical nurses. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 18(2), 219-231.
12 Kim, J. H., Hyun, M. Y., Kim, Y. S., Kim, J. S., Nam, S. O., Song, M. S., et al. (2010). Psycho-social wellbeing, health perception and behavior among clinical nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 16(1), 26-36.   과학기술학회마을   DOI
13 Kim, M. S. (1990). Study of model building on job stress. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Korea University, Seoul.
14 Kim, S. Y., Chang, S. J., Kim, H. Y., & Rho, J. H. (2001). A study on the relationship between emotional labor and depressive symptoms among Korean industrial service employees. The Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 14(3), 227-235.
15 Lee, Y. C., Kim, H. C., Jeong, D. Y., Kim, D. H., Kim, J. H., Lee, D. H., et al. (2008. May). Emotional labor, job stress, and depressive symptoms of the medical doctors in an university hospital. Poster session presented at the 41th spring meeting of the Korean Society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Seoul.
16 Kovacs, M., Kovacs, E., & Hegedus, K. (2010). Emotion work and burnout: Cross-sectional study of nurses and physicians in Hungary. Croatian Medical Journal, 51(5), 432-442.   DOI
17 Lee, B. I. (2007). Development of a model for emotional labor worker's health. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 16(1), 78-88.
18 Lee, K. J., & Lee, E. (2011). The relationship of emotional labor, empowerment, job burnout and turn over intention of clinical nurses. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 20(2), 130-142.   DOI
19 Cho, J., Kim, J., Chang, S., Fiedler, N., Koh, S., & Crabtree, B. F. (2008). Occupational stress and depression in Korean employees. International Archives of Occupational Environmental Health, 82, 47-57.   DOI
20 Chon, K. K., Kwon, G. D., & Kim, S. G. (1999) An attempt to revise the Korean adaptation of the CES-D: I. Journal of Social Science Research, 6(1), 429-451.
21 Chu, S. H., Ryou, H. C., Bae, K. J., Song, J. C., Lee, S. J., & Kim, I. A. (2010). Association between emotional labor and symptoms of depression among bankers. The Korean society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 22(4), 316-323.
22 Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. (2009). Statistical power analyses using $G^{\ast}Power$ 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41, 1149-1160.   DOI
23 Kim, I. S. (2009). The role of self-efficacy and social support in the relationship between emotional labor and burn out, turn over intention among hospital nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 15(4), 515-526.   과학기술학회마을
24 Han, S. K., Yoon, O. S., Kwon, M. S., & Song, M. S. (2011). Comparison of emotional labor and job stress of hospital nursing staff. Korean Journal Of Occupational Health Nursing, 20(1), 55-64.   DOI
25 Jeon, J. H. (2010) The influence of emotional labor on burnout and job satisfaction among clinical nurses. Unpublished master dissertation, Kyungpook National University, Daegu.
26 Jung, K. Y., Lee, H. J., Lee, Y. I., Kim, J. I., & Kim, Y. G. (2007) The effects of job stress for depression in clinical nurses. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 16(2), 158-167.
27 Kim, J. H. (2007). Analysis of the nursing interventions performed by nurses working in small-medium sized hospitals using Nursing Interventions Classification [NIC]. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 13(4), 431-444.   과학기술학회마을
28 Byun, D. S., & Yom, Y. H. (2009). Factors affecting the burnout of clinical nurses: focused on emotional labor. Journal of Korean Nursing Administration Academic Society, 15(3), 444-454.   과학기술학회마을
29 Ahn, J. Y., Jung, H. S., & Kim, H. A. (2009). The relationship between emotional labor and job stress of clinical nurses in a hospital. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 16(2), 139-146.
30 Brotheridge, C. M., & Lee, R. T. (2003). Development and validation of the emotional labour scale. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76, 365-379.   DOI