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http://dx.doi.org/10.14191/Atmos.2018.28.4.383

Local Enhancement Mechanism of Cold Surges over the Korean Peninsula  

Lee, Hye-Young (Department of Atmospheric Science, Kongju National University)
Kim, Joowan (Department of Atmospheric Science, Kongju National University)
Park, In-Gyu (School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University)
Kang, Hyungyu (Department of Atmospheric Science, Kongju National University)
Ryu, Hosun (Department of Atmospheric Science, Kongju National University)
Publication Information
Atmosphere / v.28, no.4, 2018 , pp. 383-392 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study investigates synoptic characteristics of cold surges over South Korea during winter season (December-February). A total of 63 cold events are selected by quantile regression analysis using daily mean temperature observations from 11 KMA stations for 38 years (1979/80-2016/17). Large-scale pressure pattern during the cold surges is well characterized by high over Siberia and low over Aleutian regions, which elucidates cold advection over the Korean peninsula. However, the large-scale pattern cannot successfully explain the observed sudden decrease of temperature during the cold surges. Composite analyses reveal that a synoptic-scale cyclone developing over the northern Japan is a key feature that significantly contribute to the enhancement of cold advection by increasing pressure gradient over the Korean peninsula. Enhanced sensible and latent heat fluxes are observed over the southern ocean of Korea and Japan during the cold surges due to temperature and humidity differences between the near surface and the lower atmosphere over the ocean. The evaporated water vapor transported toward the center of the surface cyclone and condenses in the lower-to-middle troposphere. The released energy likely promotes the development of the surface cyclone by inducing positive PV near the surface of the heating region.
Keywords
Cold surge; cold advection; surface cyclone; latent heat flux;
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