1 |
Iacono, M. J., J. S. Delamere, E. J. Mlawer, M. W. Shephard, S. A. Clough, and W. D. Collins, 2008: Radiative forcing by long-lived greenhouse gases: Calculations with the AER radiative transfer models. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D13103.
|
2 |
IPCC, 2007: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Averyt, M. Tignor, and H. L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 976 pp.
|
3 |
IPCC, 2013: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T. F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex, and P. M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1535 pp.
|
4 |
Janssens-Maenhout, G., and Coauthors, 2015: HTAP_v2.2: a mosaic of regional and global emission grid maps for 2008 and 2010 to study hemispheric transport of air pollution. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11411-11432.
DOI
|
5 |
Jones, A., D. L. Roberts, and A. Slingo, 1994: A climate model study of indirect radiative forcing by anthropogenic sulfate aerosols. Nature, 370, 450-453.
DOI
|
6 |
Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-472.
DOI
|
7 |
Khvorostyanov, V. I., and J. A. Curry, 2014: Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Microphysics of clouds. Cambridge Univ. Press, 782 pp.
|
8 |
Kim, D., C. Wang, A. M. L. Ekman, M. C. Barth, and P. J. Rasch, 2008: Distribution and direct radiative forcing of carbonaceous and sulfate aerosols in an interactive size resolving aerosol climate model. J. Geophys. Res, 113, D16309.
|
9 |
Abdul-Razzak, H., S. J. Ghan, and C. Rivera-Carpio, 1998: A parameterization of aerosol activation. Part I: Single aerosol type. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 6123-6131.
DOI
|
10 |
Abdul-Razzak, H., and S. J. Ghan, 2000: A parameterization of aerosol activation: 2. Multiple aerosol types. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 6837-6844.
DOI
|
11 |
Ackermann, I. J., H. Hass, M. Memmesheimer, A. Ebel, F. S. Binkowski, and U. Shankar, 1998: Modal aerosol dynamics model for Europe: Development and first applications. Atmos. Environ., 32, 2981-2999.
DOI
|
12 |
Kim, J. H., S. S. Yum, S. Shim, W. J. Kim, M. Park, J.-H. Kim, M.-H. Kim, and S.-C. Yoon, 2014: On the submicron aerosol distributions and CCN number concentrations in and around the Korean Peninsula. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8763-8779, doi:10.5194/acp-14-8763-2014.
DOI
|
13 |
Kim, N., and Coauthors, 2017: Hygroscopic properties of urban aerosols and their cloud condensation nuclei activities measured in Seoul during the MAPS-Seoul campaign. Atmos. Environ., 153, 217-232, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.01.034.
DOI
|
14 |
Koehler, K. A., S. M. Kreidenweis, P. J. DeMott, M. D. Petters, A. J. Prenni, and C. M. Carrico, 2009: Hygroscopicity and cloud droplet activation of mineral dust aerosol. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L08805.
|
15 |
Kreidenweis, S. M., K. Koehler, P. J. DeMott, A. J. Prenni, C. Carrico, and B. Ervens, 2005: Water activity and activation diameters from hygroscopicity data - Part I: Theory and application to inorganic salts. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 1357-1370.
DOI
|
16 |
Lyubartsev, A. P., and A. Laaksonen, 1997: Osmotic and activity coefficients from effective potentials for hydrated ions. Phys. Rew. E, 55, 5689-5696.
|
17 |
Albrecht, B. A., 1989: Aerosols, cloud microphysics and fractional cloudiness. Science, 245, 1227-1230.
DOI
|
18 |
Andreae, M. O. and D. Rosenfeld, 2008: Aerosol-cloud precipitation interactions. Part 1. The nature and sources of cloud-active aerosols. Earth. Sci. Rev., 89, 13-41.
DOI
|
19 |
Mann, G. W., K. S. Carslaw, D. V. Spracklen, D. A. Ridley, P. T. Manktelow, M. P. Chipperfield, S. J. Pickering, and C. E. Johnson, 2010: Description and evaluation of GLOMAP-mode: a modal global aerosol microphysics model for the UKCA composition-climate model. Geosci. Model Dev., 3, 519-551.
DOI
|
20 |
Mason, B. J., 1971: The physics of clouds: 2nd Ed., Oxford University Press, 671 pp.
|
21 |
Morrison, H., G. Thompson, and V. Tatarskii, 2009: Impact of cloud microphysics on the development of trailing stratiform precipitation in a simulated squall line: comparison of one- and two-moment schemes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 991-1007.
DOI
|
22 |
Peckham, S., and Coauthors, 2011: WRF-Chem Version 3.3 User's Guide. NOAA Technical Memo., 94 pp.
|
23 |
Chang, D. Y., J. Lelieveld, H. Tost, B. Steil, A. Pozzer, and J. Yoon, 2017: Aerosol physicochemical effects on CCN activation simulated with the chemistry-climate model EMAC. Atmos. Environ., 162, 127-140, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.03.036.
DOI
|
24 |
Chapman, E. G., W. I. Gustafson Jr., J. C. Barnard, S. J. Ghan, M. S. Pekour, and J. D. Fast, 2009: Coupling aerosol-cloud-radiative processes in the WRF-Chem model: Investigating the radiative impact of large point sources. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 945-964.
DOI
|
25 |
Chuang, C. C., J. E. Penner, K. E. Taylor, A. S. Grossman, and J. J. Walton, 1997: An assessment of the radiative effects of anthropogenic sulphate. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 3761-3778.
DOI
|
26 |
Chylek, P. and J. G. D. Wong, 1998: Erroneous use of the modified Köhler equation in cloud and aerosol physics applications. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1473-1477.
DOI
|
27 |
Clark, A. J., and Coauthors, 2012: An overview of the 2010 hazardous weather testbed experimental forecast program spring experiment. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 93, 55-74, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00040.1.
DOI
|
28 |
Fast, J. D., W. I. Gustafson Jr., R. C. Easter, R. A. Zaveri, J. C. Barnard, E. G. Chapman, G. A. Grell, and S. E. Peckham, 2006: Evolution of ozone, particulates, and aerosol direct forcing in an urban area using a new fully-coupled meteorology, chemistry, and aerosol model. J. Geophys. Res., 111, D21305.
|
29 |
Petters, M. D., and S. M. Kreidenweis, 2007: A single parameter representation of hygroscopic growth and cloud condensation nucleus activity. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1961-1971.
DOI
|
30 |
Pringle, K. J., H. Tost, A. Pozzer, U. Pöschl, and J. Lelieveld, 2010: Global distribution of the effective aerosol hygroscopicity parameter for CCN activation. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5241-5255, doi:10.5194/acpd-10-6301-2010.
DOI
|
31 |
Pringle, K. J., K. S. Carslaw, D. V. Spracklen, G. M. Mann, and M. P. Chipperfield, 2009: The relationship between aerosol and cloud drop number concentrations in a global aerosol microphysics model. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4131-4144.
DOI
|
32 |
Ghan, S. J., L. R. Leung, R. C. Easter, and H. Abdul-Razzak, 1997: Prediction of cloud droplet number in a general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 21777-21794.
DOI
|
33 |
Ghan, S. J., and Coauthors, 2011: Droplet nucleation: Physically based parameterizations and comparative evaluation. J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., 3, M10001, doi:10.1029/2011MS000074.
DOI
|
34 |
Pruppacher, H. R., and J. D. Klett, 2010: Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation. Springer, 954 pp.
|
35 |
Reutter, P., H. Su, J. Trentmann, M. Simmel, D. Rose, S. S. Gunthe, H. Wernli, M. O. Andreae, and U. Poschl, 2009: Aerosol and updraft-limited regimes of cloud droplet formation: influence of particle number, size and hygroscopicity on the activation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7067-7080.
DOI
|
36 |
Rose, D., S. S. Gunthe, E. Mikhailov, G. P. Frank, U. Dusek, M. O. Andreae, and U. Poschl, 2008: Calibration and measurement uncertainties of a continuousflow cloud condensation nuclei counter (DMT-CCNC): CCN activation of ammonium sulfate and sodium chloride aerosol particles in theory and experiment. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 1153-1179.
DOI
|
37 |
Rose, D., A. Nowak, P. Achtert, A. Wiedensohler, M. Hu, M. Shao, Y. Zhang, M. O. Andreae, and U. Poschl, 2010: Cloud condensation nuclei in polluted air and biomass burning smoke near the megacity Guangzhou, China Part 1: Size-resolved measurements and implications for the modeling of aerosol particle hygroscopicity and CCN activity. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 3365-3383, doi:10.5194/acp-10-3365-201.
DOI
|
38 |
Grell, G. A. and D. Devenyi, 2002: A generalized approach to parameterizing convection combining ensemble and data assimilation techniques. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1693-1696.
|
39 |
Grell, G. A., S. E. Peckham, R. Schmitz, S. A. McKeen, G. Frost, W. C. Skamarock, and B. Eder, 2005: Fully coupled "online" chemistry within the WRF model. Atmos. Environ., 39, 6957-6975.
DOI
|
40 |
Guenther, A., T. Karl, P. Harley, C. Wiedinmyer, P. I. Palmer, and C. Geron, 2006: Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature). Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3181-3210.
DOI
|
41 |
Gunthe, S. S., and Coauthors, 2009: Cloud condensation nuclei in pristine tropical rainforest air of Amazonia: size-resolved measurements and modeling of atmospheric aerosol composition and CCN activity. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7551-7575.
DOI
|
42 |
Hanel, G., 1976: The properties of atmospheric aerosol particles as a function of relative humidity at thermodynamic equilibrium with the surrounding moist air. Adv. Geophys., 19, 73-188.
|
43 |
Schell, B., I. J. Ackermann, H. Hass, F. S. Binkowski, and A. Ebel, 2001: Modeling the formation of secondary organic aerosol within a comprehensive air quality model system. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 28275-28293.
DOI
|
44 |
Seinfeld, J. H., and S. N. Pandis, 2006: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. John Wiley and Sons, 1232 pp.
|
45 |
Snider, G., and Coauthors, 2016: Variation in global chemical composition of PM2.5: emerging results from SPARTAN. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9629-9653, doi:10.5194/acp-16-9629-201.
DOI
|
46 |
Hewitt, H. T., D. Copsey, I. D. Culverwell, C. M. Harris, R. S. R. Hill, A. B. Keen, A. J. McLaren, and E. C. Hunke, 2011: Design and implementation of the infrastructure of HadGEM3: the next generation Met Office climate modelling system. Geosci. Model Dev., 4, 223-253, doi:10.5194/gmd-4-223-2011.
DOI
|
47 |
Hong, S.-Y., Y. Noh, and J. Dudhia, 2006: A new vertical diffusion package with an explicit treatment of entrainment processes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2318-2341.
DOI
|
48 |
Goliff, W. S., W. R. Stockwell, and C. V. Lawson, 2013: The regional atmospheric chemistry mechanism, version 2. Atmos. Environ., 68, 174-185, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.11.038.
DOI
|
49 |
Wang, M., and J. E. Penner, 2009: Aerosol indirect forcing in a global model with particle nucleation. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 239-260.
DOI
|
50 |
Wang, W., H. Lu, T. Zhao, L. Jiang, and J. Shi, 2017: Evaluation and comparison of daily rainfall from latest GPM and TRMM products over the Mekong River Basin. IEEE, 10, 2540-2549, doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2017.2672786.
DOI
|
51 |
West, R. E. L., P. Stier, A. Jones, C. E. Johnson, G. W. Mann, N. Bellouin, D. G. Partridge, and Z. Kipling, 2014: The importance of vertical velocity variability for estimates of the indirect aerosol effects. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 6369-6393, doi:10.5194/acp-14-6369-2014.
DOI
|
52 |
Wex, H., A. Kiselev, F. Stratmann, J. Zoboki, and F. Brechtel, 2005: Measured and modeled equilibrium sizes of NaCl and (NH4)2SO4 particles at relative humidities up to 99.1%. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D21212.
|
53 |
Zhang, M., J. M. Chen, T. Wang, T. T. Cheng, L. Lin, R. S. Bhatia, and M. Hanvey, 2010: Chemical characterization of aerosols over the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean during two cruises in 2007 and 2008. J. Geophys. Res., 115, D22302, doi:10.1029/2010JD014246.
DOI
|
54 |
Snider, J. R., and M. D. Petters, 2008: Optical particle counter measurement of marine aerosol hygroscopic growth. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 1949-1962.
DOI
|
55 |
Spracklen, D. V., and Coauthors, 2008: Contribution of particle formation to global cloud condensation nuclei concentrations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L06808.
|
56 |
Squires, P., 1958: The microstructure and colloidal stability of warm clouds: II. The causes of the variations in microstructure. Tellus, 10, 262-271.
|
57 |
Svenningsson, B., and Coauthors, 2006: Hygroscopic growth and critical supersaturations for mixed aerosol particles of inorganic and organic compounds of atmospheric relevance. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1937-1952.
DOI
|
58 |
Tewari, M., and Coauthors, 2004: Implementation and verification of the unified NOAH land surface model in the WRF model. 20th conference on weather analysis and forecasting/16th conference on numerical weather prediction, 11-15.
|
59 |
Twomey, S., 1959: The nuclei of natural cloud formation: II. The supersaturation in natural clouds and the variation of cloud droplet concentration. Geophys. Pure Appl., 43, 243-249.
DOI
|
60 |
Twomey, S., 1977: The influence of pollution on the shortwave albedo of clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1149-1154.
DOI
|
61 |
Zieger, P., and Coauthors, 2017: Revising the hygroscopicity of inorganic sea salt particles. Nat. Commun., 8, 15833, doi:10.1038/ncomms15883.
DOI
|
62 |
Von der Emde, K., and U. Wacker, 1993: Comments on the relationship between aerosol spectra, equilibrium drop size spectra, and CCN spectra. Beit. Phys. Atmos., 66, 157-162.
|