Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2016.49.5.347

Bone mineral density and nutritional state according to milk consumption in Korean postmenopausal women who drink coffee: Using the 2008~2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey  

Ryu, Sun-Hyoung (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Chungnam National University)
Suh, Yoon Suk (Graduate School of Education, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Nutrition and Health / v.49, no.5, 2016 , pp. 347-357 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigated bone mineral density and nutritional state according to consumption of milk in Korean postmenopausal women who drink coffee. Methods: Using the 2008~2009 Korean National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey data, a total of 1,373 postmenopausal females aged 50 yrs and over were analyzed after excluding those with diseases related to bone health. According to coffee and/or milk consumption, subjects were divided into four groups: coffee only, both coffee & milk, milk only, and none of the above. All data were processed after application of weighted values and adjustment of age, body mass index, physical activity, drinking, and smoking using a general linear model. For analysis of nutrient intake and bone density, data were additionally adjusted by total energy and calcium intake. Results: The coffee & milk group had more subjects younger than 65 yrs and higher education, urban residents, and higher income than any other group. The coffee only group showed somewhat similar characteristics as the none of the above group, which showed the highest percentage of subjects older than 65 and in a lower education and socio-economic state. Body weight, height, body mass index, and lean mass were the highest in coffee & milk group and lowest in the none of the above group. On the other hand, the milk only group showed the lowest values for body mass index and waist circumference, whereas percent body fat did not show any difference among the groups. The coffee and milk group showed the highest bone mineral density in the total femur and lumbar spine as well as the highest nutritional state and most food group intakes, followed by the milk only group, coffee only group, and none of the above group. In the assessment of osteoporosis based on T-score of bone mineral density, although not significant, the coffee and milk group and milk only group, which showed a better nutritional state, included more subjects with a normal bone density, whereas the none of the above group included more subjects with osteoporosis than any other group. Conclusion: Bone mineral density in postmenopausal women might not be affected by coffee drinking if their diets are accompanied by balanced food and nutrient intake including milk.
Keywords
postmenopausal women; bone mineral density; T-score; coffee and milk intake; nutritional state;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 8  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Korea Health Statistics 2011: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-2). Cheongwon: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2012.
2 Ilich JZ, Kerstetter JE. Nutrition in bone health revisited: a story beyond calcium. J Am Coll Nutr 2000; 19(6): 715-737.   DOI
3 Mohammadi F, Hamid TA, Yazid MN, Othman Z, Mahmud R. Lifestyle factors influencing bone mineral density in postmenopausal Malaysian women. J Life Sci 2011; 8(2): 132-139.
4 Spencer H, Kramer L. NIH Consensus Conference: osteoporosis. Factors contributing to osteoporosis. J Nutr 1986; 116(2): 316-319.   DOI
5 Kim HS, Jung GH, Jang DM, Kim SH, Lee BK. Increased calcium intake through milk consumption and bone mineral density of elderly women living in Asan. J Korean Diet Assoc 2005; 11(2): 242-250.
6 Heaney RP. Dairy and bone health. J Am Coll Nutr 2009; 28 Suppl 1: 82S-90S.   DOI
7 Seo HB, Choi YS. Sex- and age group-specific associations between intakes of dairy foods and pulses and bone health in Koreans aged 50 years and older: based on 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Nutr Health 2016; 49(3): 165-178.   DOI
8 Kim KM, Choi SH, Lim S, Moon JH, Kim JH, Kim SW, Jang HC, Shin CS. Interactions between dietary calcium intake and bone mineral density or bone geometry in a low calcium intake population (KNHANES IV 2008-2010). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99(7): 2409-2417.   DOI
9 Mun SO, Kim J, Yang YJ. Factors associated with bone mineral density in Korean postmenopausal women aged 50 years and above: using 2008-2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Korean J Community Nutr 2013; 18(2): 177-186.   DOI
10 Choe HJ, Lee DJ. Age-related change of spinal bone mineral density and accumulated bone loss rate in women. J Korean Soc Menopause 2003; 9(2):1 171-176.
11 Recker RR, Heaney RP. The effect of milk supplements on calcium metabolism, bone metabolism and calcium balance. Am J Clin Nutr 1985; 41(2): 254-263.   DOI
12 Draper HH, Scythes CA. Calcium, phosphorus, and osteoporosis. Fed Proc 1981; 40(9): 2434-2438.
13 Massey LK, Hollingbery PW. Acute effects of dietary caffeine and aspirin on urinary mineral excretion in pre- and postmenopausal women. Nutr Res 1988; 8(8): 845-851.   DOI
14 Lee CH, Oh ST. Changes of coffee intake according to the sociodemographic characteristics of the people over 50 and the elderly in Korea: analysis of data from the 2001/2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Korean J Culinary Res 2014; 20(3): 64-79.
15 Heaney RP. Effects of caffeine on bone and the calcium economy. Food Chem Toxicol 2002; 40(9): 1263-1270.   DOI
16 Heaney RP, Recker RR. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and caffeine on calcium balance in women. J Lab Clin Med 1982; 99(1): 46-55.
17 Harris SS, Dawson-Hughes B. Caffeine and bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 60(4): 573-578.   DOI
18 Meyer HE, Pedersen JI, Loken EB, Tverdal A. Dietary factors and the incidence of hip fracture in middle-aged Norwegians. A prospective study. Am J Epidemiol 1997; 145(2): 117-123.   DOI
19 Massey LK, Bergman EA, Wise KJ, Sherrard DJ. Dietary caffeine lowers serum ultra filtrable calcium and raises serum bone alkaline phosphatase in older women consuming low dietary calcium. J Bone Miner Res 1989; 4(S1): 245.
20 Barrett-Connor E, Chang JC, Edelstein SL. Coffee-associated osteoporosis offset by daily milk consumption. The Rancho Bernardo Study. JAMA 1994; 271(4): 280-283.   DOI
21 Shin J, Kim SY, Yoon J. Status of coffee intake in South Korea: analysis of 2007-2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Korean J Community Living Sci 2016; 27(1): 83-93.   DOI
22 Feskanich D, Willett WC, Colditz GA. Calcium, vitamin D, milk consumption, and hip fractures: a prospective study among postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 77(2): 504-511.   DOI
23 Lee JS, Yu CH, Chung CE. Relation between milk consumption and bone mineral density of female college students in Korea. Korean J Nutr 2006; 39(5): 451-459.
24 Kalkwarf HJ, Khoury JC, Lanphear BP. Milk intake during childhood and adolescence, adult bone density, and osteoporotic fractures in US women. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 77(1): 257-265.   DOI
25 Kim HJ. Coffee mix tums out to be sugar mix [Internet]. Seoul: Hankyoreh; 2014 [cited 2015 Mar 16]. Available from: http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/economy/consumer/646239.html.
26 Lee BE, Lee HJ, Cho EA, Hwang KT. Fatty acid compositions of fats in commercial coffee creamers and instant coffee mixes and their sensory characteristics. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2012; 41(3): 362-368.   DOI
27 Jung HJ, Song WO, Paik HY, Joung H. Dietary characteristics of macronutrient intake and the status of metabolic syndrome among Koreans. Korean J Nutr 2011; 44(2): 119-130.   DOI
28 Choi MK, Jun YS. A study on nutrient intake status according to coffee intake in Korea female college students. J East Asian Soc Diet Life 1997; 7(3): 375-382.
29 Tucker KL, Chen H, Hannan MT, Cupples LA, Wilson PW, Felson D, Kiel DP. Bone mineral density and dietary patterns in older adults: the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 76(1): 245-252.   DOI
30 Lloyd T, Johnson-Rollings N, Eggli DF, Kieselhorst K, Mauger EA, Cusatis DC. Bone status among postmenopausal women with different habitual caffeine intakes: a longitudinal investigation. J Am Coll Nutr 2000; 19(2): 256-261.   DOI
31 Ha TS, Park MH, Choi YS, Cho SH. A study on beverage consumption pattern associated with food and nutrient intakes of college students. J Korean Diet Assoc 1999; 5(1): 21-28.
32 Lloyd T, Rollings N, Eggli DF, Kieselhorst K, Chinchilli VM. Dietary caffeine intake and bone status of postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 65(6): 1826-1830.   DOI